| 释义 |
homomorphic, a.|hɒməʊˈmɔːfɪk|
[f. as prec. + -ic.]
1. Of the same or similar form. spec.
a. Entom. Said of insects in which the larva more or less resembles the imago (Homomorpha); hemimetabolous or ametabolous.
b. Bot. Applied to flowers or plants in which there is no difference in the relative length of the stamens and pistils; also to the self-fertilization of such flowers.
c. Biol. Applied to organs or organisms showing an external resemblance, but not really related in structure or origin.
d. Zool. Applied to a colony in which all the constituent individuals are alike.
e. Cytol. Applied to homologous chromosomes that do not differ in size or form. (In all senses but c. opp. to heteromorphic; in sense c. to homologous.)
1872Nicholson Biol. 50–1 Many examples are known, both in the animal and the vegetable kingdom, in which families widely removed from one another in their fundamental structure, nevertheless present a..close resemblance. For this phenomenon the term ‘homomorphism’ has been proposed, and such forms are said to be ‘homomorphic’. 1873Hooker tr. Syst. Bot. 154 Heteromorphic unions produce considerably more capsules and good seeds than homomorphic unions. 1874,1877[see heteromorphic]. 1875Blake Zool. 372 The nutritive zooids all resemble each other, or they are homomorphic. 1891T. J. Parker Lessons Elem. Biol. xii. 137 There are no special reproductive individuals, so that the colony is homomorphic. 1896Henslow Wild Flowers 86 Every flower had become homomorphic and self-fertilizing. 1917E. E. Carothers in Jrnl. Morphol. XXVIII. 449 The unusual conditions of the chromosomes in this group have made advisable the introduction of four new terms. i. Homomorphic—used to designate those tetrads made up of morphologically similar homologues. 1925E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) xii. 937 Twenty-eight male offspring have thus been examined from five matings with especial reference to three chromosome-pairs..which may be either heteromorphic or homomorphic. 1931W. C. Allee Animal Aggregations ii. 23 Homomorphic colonies have all the individuals morphologically similar and may be found among sponges and at certain times among hydroids and bryozoans. 1968J. A. Serra Mod. Genetics III. xxiii. 533 These bodies are homomorphic sex chromosomes..not heterochromosomes.
2. Math. Related or produced by a homomorphism; giving rise to a second set under a homomorphism; that is a homomorphism.
1935Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. XXI. 482 We define a continuous homomorphic mapping πm of ℌpm+1(𝔊) into ℌpm(𝔊). 1939Amer. Jrnl. Math. LXI. 783 Two homomorphic rings. 1941Birkhoff & MacLane Surv. Mod. Algebra xiii. 350 This device for getting a field as a homomorphic image of a polynomial ring is important in the discussion of algebraic numbers. 1966Mathematical Rev. XXXI. 15/2 It is homomorphic to (i.e., can be contracted into, by identification of sets of connected vertices) the complete graph of order k. 1968I. Adler Groups in New Math. xiii. 230 If there is a homomorphism that matches the members of one group with the members of another, we say that the first group is homomorphic to the second, and that the second group is a homomorphic image of the first group.
transf.1959S. Beer Cybernetics & Management vi. 49 A black Box is homomorphic with a cybernetic system, because the latter has undergone a many-one simplifying transformation (which makes it tractable) without losing its key characteristic (of indefinability).
Hence homoˈmorphically adv. Math., by a homomorphism.
1941Birkhoff & MacLane Surv. Mod. Algebra xiii. 350 The direct sum A + B of two rings A and B may be mapped homomorphically on the summand B by the correspondence (a, b) → b. 1952Eilenberg & Steenrod Found. Algebraic Topology i. 7 If G and H are groups, the notation ϕ: G→ H means that ϕ maps G homomorphically into H. 1971M. Herzog in Powell & Higman Finite Simple Groups v. 200 G is p-solvable if and only if it can be mapped homomorphically on NG(P)/W. |