| 释义 |
▪ I. ally, v.|əˈlaɪ|
Forms: 3–4 alie, 4–6 alye, allie, allye, 5– ally.
[a. OFr. alie-r:—L. alligā-re, f. al- = ad- to + ligāre to bind, fasten. For change of a- to al- see al- prefix1. Differentiated variants are allay v.2, alloy; a by-form ultimately of same origin is alligate.]
1. trans. To combine, unite, or join in affinity, companionship, amity, or association for a special object; now chiefly of marriage, friendly association of sovereign states, and union of nature or spirit. Const. to, with.
1297R. Glouc. 65 To be in such mariage alied to the emperour. c1386Chaucer Pard. T. 288 Me were lever dye, Than I yow scholde to hasardours allye [v.r. alye, alleye, allie]. c1425Wyntoun Cron. iv. xix. 27 Swa wythe þame til alyid be, Þai and þare posteryti. 1558Queen Elizabeth in Strype Ann. Ref. I. ii. App. i. 389 We do by this our proclamation streightly charge and allye them to us. 1605Stow Ann. 670 She allied unto her all the Knights. 1732Pope Ess. Man ii. 243 Wants, frailties, passions, closer still ally The common int'rest. 1837J. Harris Gt. Teacher 17 Virtue..allies us to supreme greatness. 1847Tennyson Princess ii. 51 You may with those self-styled our lords ally Your fortunes. 1862R. Patterson Ess. Hist. & Art 33 We can never ally mahogany to vivid reds.
2. refl. (with same meaning and const.)
1330R. Brunne Chron. 24 Alfride vnto Rollo sone gan him alie. 1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Aliar, to confederate, to allie himselfe. 1635A. Stafford Fem. Glory (1869) 59 He might have allied Himselfe to the greatest Princes. 1781J. Moore Italy (1790) I. ii. 20 This young gentleman has lately allied himself to the family..by marrying. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 51 He allied himself closely with Castlemaine.
3. intr. To unite, enter into alliance. arch.
1330R. Brunne Chron. 67 To Malcolme, þe Scottis kyng, Tostus alied to. c1386Chaucer Merch. T. 170 Wher me lust beste to allien [v.r. allyen, alien]. c1400Destr. Troy vii. 3190 Yche lede by the last aliet þerto. 1825T. Jefferson Autobiog. Wks. 1859 I. 31 No foreign power will ally with us. 1837Lytton Athens II. 195 If they [the Athenians] will ally with me.
†4. intr. To belong naturally. Obs. rare.
1330R. Brunne Chron. 248 Now is non of age of his ancestrie May haf his heritage, to whom it salle alie.
†5. trans. To combine or mix (ingredients). Obs. (Cf. allay, alloy.)
1392in Warner Antiq. Culin., Alye it with ȝolkes of eyren. c1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 34 Þere-with alye mony metes. c1500Anc. Cookery in Househ. Ord. (1790) 427 Take grene pesen..wyth gode brothe of beeff..and let hom boyle tyl hit aly hitself.
▪ II. ally, n.1|əˈlaɪ, ˈælaɪ|
Forms: 4–6 alie, alye, 4–8 allye, (4 aleye), 5 aly, 5–7 allie, (6–7 alley), 5– ally. Occas. accented ˈally in 7.
[f. the vb.]
I. abstr.
†1. Connexion by marriage or descent; relationship, kinship, kindred. Obs.
c1400Epiph. (Turnb. 1843) 102 His son..Or ellis won that wer her next of alye. 1494Fabyan iv. lxxi. 49 A noble yonge man of thaly of Helayne. 1592Warner Alb. Eng. vii. xxxv. 170 He wiu'd a Lady passing faire and of the King's Allie.
†2. Confederation, alliance. Obs.
1513Douglas æneis x. ix. 22 His band of freyndschip and ally. 1553–87Foxe A. & M. II. 370 A perpetual league amity and allie should be nourished between this realm and the princes of Germany.
II. collect. (Cf. ‘to have acquaintance with’; ‘to meet all his acquaintance.’)
†3. People of one's relationship; kindred, relatives. Obs.
a1400Cov. Myst. (1841) 145 If I myght of myn alye ony ther ffynde. c1400St. Alexius (Cott. MS.) 64 With alle the beste of here Aleye. 1460J. Capgrave Chron. 286 The erl of Northumbirland cam..with alle his alye.
†4. People of an alliance; confederates. Obs. rare.
1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 319 Or ellis thai war his allye.
III. individual. (Cf. ‘an acquaintance.’)
†5. A relative, a kinsman or kinswoman. Obs.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 4077 Othre þat ware ys cosyns oþer alyes. c1386Chaucer Sec. Nun's T. 292 ‘This day I take the for myn allye,’ Sayde this blisful faire mayde. 1388Wyclif Ex. xviii. 5 Jetro, alie of Moises. 1482Monk of Evesham (1869) 71 Cosyn and alye to the same bysshoppe. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iii. i. 114 This Gentleman the Princes neere Alie. 1654Lestrange K. Charles I (1655) 118 Upon an ally worse still, as superinducting Incest with Rape.
6. fig. Anything akin to another by community of structure or properties, or placed near it in classification. In Bot. Natural orders placed in the same alliance, q.v.
1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 549 All the Weste Allies of stormy Boreas blow. 1713Derham Physico-Theol. vii. ii. 384 From the Head and Mouth, pass we to its near Allie the Stomach. 1857H. Miller Test. Rocks xi. 496 Consisting mainly of ferns and their allies. Mod. The alkaline metals and their allies.
7. a. One united or associated with another by treaty or league; now usually of sovereigns or states.
1598Greenwey Tacitus Ann. xiii. ii. 180 The like number of citizens and allies should bee vnder Corbuloes charge. 1640Quarles Enchirid. ix. 1 Assayle some Alley of his rather than himselfe. 1677Sedley Ant. & Cl. iv. i. (1766) 166 One King or ally still forsakes his side. 1769Robertson Charles V, VI. vi. 77 His new ally the Sultan. 1862Stanley Jew. Ch. (1877) I. xvi. 303 Ammon, the ancient ally of Israel..is the assailant. 1870Knight Crown Hist. Eng. 791 There were two columns of the Allies marching on Paris.
b. spec. (pl.) the Allies, the allied forces or States (including Britain) which fought against the Central Powers in the war of 1914–18, or against the Axis in that of 1939–45.
1914Times 2 Nov. 9/6 A Note was to have been presented to the Porte on Friday asking for..the withdrawal of the German officers and men from the Turkish ships [etc.]... Failing satisfaction in these respects, diplomatic relations with the Allies would cease. 1926T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (1935) 7 The rebellion of the Sherif of Mecca came to most as a surprise, and found the Allies unready. 1939Times 13 Nov. 7/6 (heading) World events in Allies' favour. 1945A. Huxley Let. 27 May (1969) 528 It is obvious that now, even if the Allies desired to treat Germany non-punitively and in a reformatory spirit, it will be impossible for anything but the lex talionis to function. 1968W. K. Hancock Smuts II. xxi. 373 At the very worst..victory in Africa would give the allies a firm base from which to counter the German thrust. 1977V. Glendinning Elizabeth Bowen ix. 154 The days before the Allies invaded occupied France.
c. An individual who helps or co-operates with another; a supporter or associate; a friend.
1916Joyce Portrait of Artist (1969) xi. 63 He became the ally of a boy named Aubrey Mills and founded with him a gang of adventurers in the avenue. 1950R. Macaulay World my Wilderness iv. 49 She went off; each had a warm sense of having found an ally against Others. 1963D. Lessing in Winter's Tales IX. 146 His sister..far from being his friend and ally..seemed positively to hate him.
8. fig. Anything auxiliary to another.
1853H. Rogers Ecl. Faith 6 Tractarianism is..the strict ally of Rome. 1869Buckle Civilis. III. v. 477 Science, instead of being the enemy of religion, becomes its ally.
▪ III. ally, alley, alay, n.2|ˈælɪ|
[Supposed to be a diminutive abbreviation of alabaster: cf. Willy, Tommy, etc.]
A choice marble or taw, used by boys in playing; one of real marble or alabaster in contrast with those of terra cotta, etc.
1720De Foe Duncan Campb. iv. Wks. 1871, 401 A large bag of marbles and alleys. 1748Phil. Trans. XLV. 456 Pellets, vulgarly called Alleys, which boys play withal. 1807Coleridge Own Times III. 953 While he was playing at marbles, would quarrel with the taws and alays in his mouth, because had understood it was the way Demosthenes learnt to splutter. 1833J. Paris Philos. in Sport x. 171 Why, your taw is a brown marble, and your ally, if I rightly remember, a very white one, is it not so? 1837Dickens Pickw. (1847) 281/1 Inquiring whether he had won any alley tors or commoneys lately. 1865Miss Muloch Christian's Mist. 37 An ‘ally taw,’ that is, a real alabaster marble.
▪ IV. ally
obs. form of alley. |