| 释义 |
householder|ˈhaʊshəʊldə(r)|
Forms: see household.
[ME., f. house n.1 + holder 2: cf. Du. huishouder (Kilian huyshouder), LG. hushölder, MHG., Ger. haushälter, Da. huusholder, Sw. hushållare; also Gr. οἰκονόµος.]
The person who holds or occupies a house as his own dwelling and that of his household; esp. Hist. in the law on parliamentary elections in the United Kingdom, one qualified to exercise the franchise by the occupancy, as legally defined, of a house or tenement.
c1386Chaucer Prol. 339 An housholdere and that a greet was he, Seint Iulian was he in his contree. 1434E.E. Wills (1882) 101 Selle hite..& yeue to pore housholders in coles. 1547in Vicary's Anat. (1888) App. iii. 161 Thaldermen..shall cause euerye howseholder of their seuerall wardes..to [etc.]. 1679Establ. Test 23 His Majesty.. has commanded all Papists who are not Householders, Travellers, &c. to depart from this..City. 1831Macaulay in Life & Lett. (1880) I. 253 With your head full of ten-pound householders. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 309 Every householder in the country might practise this part of domestic economy. 1884Low & Pulling Dict. Eng. Hist. 424/1 By the Reform Bill of 1867..the franchise..was extended to all resident householders or rated occupants of dwelling houses, after payment of one year's rates.
b. Hence, the head of a household or family.
c1440Promp. Parv. 251/1 Howsholdare (K. howsalder), pater familias, yconomus. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) 194 If an housholder will deale justly with his servauntes. 1588J. Udall Demonstr. Discip. xiv. (Arb.) 65 Euery kingdome or houshold, must be gouerned onely by the laws of the king, or orders of the housholder. 1645E. Pagitt Heresiogr. (1661) 50 It was the Apostles practice..to baptize both the house-holders themselves that believed, and their housholds also. 1870Schaff Comm. Prov. xxi. 25–6 Wishers and woulders are neither good householders nor long livers.
c. fig. of God in reference to His providence.
1571Golding Calvin on Ps. lxviii. 10 A most loving and carefull housholder, bicause he alwayes sent them rayne to prepare them foode. 1872Spurgeon Treas. Dav. Ps. lxv. 9 Blessed be the great Householder; he does not suffer the harvest to fail.
Hence ˈhouseˌholdership, the position or status of a householder.
1817Bentham Plan Parl. Reform Introd. 106 note, Evidence of Householdership. 1872Daily News 30 Sept., His householdership..is rather in a peculiar position; for the house..which he inhabits he pays no rent, but he is allowed the use of it..in addition to his money wage. |