| 释义 |
unˈyoke, v.
[OE. unᵹeocian (un-2 4 b). Cf. older Du. ontjocken, Du. ontjukken, MHG. and G. entjochen.]
1. trans. To loose (a draught-animal, etc.) from the yoke; to free from harness.
c1000ælfric Gram. xlvii. (Z.) 277 Disiungo, ic ungeociᵹe oððe totwæme. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. xiv. (Bodl. MS.), Þan þei vnȝoke hem and bringe hem to þe stalle. 1565Cooper Thesaurus, Bouem disiunctum curare, an oxe vnyoked. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, iv. ii. 103 Our Army is dispers'd: Like youthfull Steeres, vnyoak'd, they tooke their course East, West, North, South. 1613Heywood Brazen Age ii. D 3, My swannes I haue vnyoakt. 1628May Virg. Georg. iii. 98 The weeping Plowman tother Oxe alone Vnyokes. 1681D'Urfey Progr. Honesty i, The Beasts un⁓yok'd from Teams, Ran lowing to the distant Mead. 1708J. Philips Cyder ii. 38 Soon as the Hind, fatigu'd, Unyokes his Team. 1720Pope Iliad xxiii. 596 The chief himself un⁓yokes the panting steeds. 1843A. Bethune Sc. Fireside Stor. 148 While the coachman was preparing to unyoke his cattle. 1870Bryant Iliad viii. I. 262 Unyoke the steeds..And set their food before them.
refl.1832H. Martineau Ella of Gar. ii. 18 The girls of the family unyoked themselves from the harrow which they were drawing over the..sandy soil.
†b. (See yoke n. 2, v. 3.) Obs.
1573[see sense 4 a]. a1589L. Mascall Govt. Cattle (1596) 274 Some..vse to ring them [sc. hogs] at Michaelmas..; they doe vnyoake them soone after Michaelmas.
c. To disconnect (the plough) from a draught-animal. Also in fig. context.
1821Scott Pirate v, It's a finished field with me—I must unyoke the pleugh, and lie down to wait for the deadthraw.
2. fig. To liberate, release, deliver from oppression, etc. Also refl.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) V. 367 Þo was..Italy unȝoked and delyvered of þe ȝokke of Constantynnoble. 1593B. Barnes Poems (Grosart) 3 So whiles shee sleightly gloas'd, with her new pray, Mine hartes eye..Vnyoak't himselfe, & closely scap't away. 1638N. Whiting Albino & Bellama 5 When British Isles..From sad oppression had unyok'd their necks. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. ii. 61 The property of Truth is,..to unyoke and set free the minds and spirits of a Nation. 1687Miége Gt. Fr. Dict. ii. s.v., To unyoke himself out of Bondage, or Slavery. [Hence in Phillips (1706).]
absol. (for refl.).1606Warner Alb. Eng. xv. xcviii. 388 Too aduantagiously from out our Rubrick they vnyoke, And Canons old and new by them are, too securely, broke.
3. To disconnect, unlink, disjoin. Also fig.
1595Shakes. John iii. i. 241 And shall these hands,..So newly ioin'd in loue,..Vnyoke this seysure, and this kinde regreete? 1812H. & J. Smith Rej. Addr., Arch. Atoms 154 The milkman..With sudden sink unyokes the clinking pail. 1862Trollope N. Amer. I. 109 At the rapids the large rafts are, as it were, unyoked, and divided into small portions.
4. a. absol. To remove the yoke from an animal.
1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 32 Let hogs be roong, both old and yoong. No mast vpon oke, no longer vnyoke. 1601Holland Pliny I. 593 When thou [sc. the husbandman] doest unyoke and give over thy daies worke. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. i. 533 Here I'll unyoke awhile, and turn my steeds to meat. 1794J. Donaldson View Agric. Carse of Gowrie 24 The ploughmen..are in the stable by five o'clock, and unyoking about ten, are employed in cutting grass.
fig.1610Fletcher Faithf. Sheph. i. i, Ever be thy honour spoke, From that place the morn is broke, To that place Day doth unyoke. 1667Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. (ed. 4) ii. 310 It is..but reason such an anger should unyoke, and goe to bed with the Sun.
b. fig. To cease from labour, etc.; to give over work.
1594Nashe Terrors of Night C iij b, To nothing more aptly can I compare the working of our braines after we haue vnyoakt and gone to bed. 1602Shakes. Ham. v. i. 59 Who builds stronger then a Mason, a Shipwright, or a Carpenter? Clown. I, tell me that, and vnyoake. 1889Skrine Mem. Thring 225, I am hastening to unyoke. But I must not do so till I account for something still left unsaid.
Hence unˈyoking vbl. n.
1667Miége ii. s.v., An unyoaking, or Unyoking. 1835Thirlwall Greece I. 221 The unyoking of the oxen. |