| 释义 |
hungry, a.|ˈhʌŋgrɪ|
Forms: 1 hungriᵹ, 1–6 hungri, 3 (Orm.) hunngriȝ, 3–6 houngrie, 4–6 hungre, hongry, 4–7 hungery, 5 hongarye, 5–6 hungary, 6 hongrye, -ie, 6–7 hungrie, 4– hungry.
[OE. hungriᵹ, -reᵹ = OFris. hungerig, hongerig (MDu. hongerich, MLG. hungerich, Du. hongerig), OHG. hungerag, -ereg (MHG. hungerc, Ger. hung(e)rig):—WGer. type *hungrag-, f. hungr- hunger n.: see -y.]
1. a. Having the sensation of hunger; feeling pain or uneasiness from want of food; having a keen appetite.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxv. 37 Huoenne ðec we seᵹon hungriᵹ vel hyngrende? [Ags. Gosp. hingriᵹendne.] a1000Guthlac 737 in Exeter Bk., Oft he him æte heold þonne hy him hungriᵹe ymb hond fluᵹon. c1200Ormin 6162 Þe birrþ fedenn hunngriȝ mann. a1300Cursor M. 23084, I was hungre, yee gaf me fode. 1382Wyclif Luke i. 53 He hath fillid hungry men with goode thingis, and he hath left ryche men voyde [1526 Tindale, He hath filled the hongry with goode thinges]. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. cxcvii. 175 An hungary wolfe. 1546J. Heywood Prov. vi, Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings. Ibid. (1867) 75 Hungry flies byte sore. 1570Satir. Poems Reform. xiii. 139 As houngrie tykis ȝe thristit for his blude. 1637Milton Lycidas 125 The hungry sheep look up, and are not fed. 1650Trapp Comm. Lev. xvii. 13 Though hee bee as hungrie as a hunter. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) V. 89 How hungry soever he may be, he never stoops to carrion. 1855Longfellow Hiaw. viii. 227 The hungry sea-gulls..Clamorous for the morning banquet.
b. Said of the belly or stomach.
1484Caxton Fable of æsop iii. xvi, When the bely was empty and sore hongry. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 82 b, Scarcite in meate, and the bely alway somwhat hungry. 1573–80Baret Alv. H 734 Bread and salt asswageth an hungrie stomach. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 87 A hungry belly may call for more meat.
c. transf. Indicating, characteristic of, or characterized by hunger; belonging to a hungry person.
1600J. Pory. tr. Leo's Africa ii. 266 Certaine Arabians lead here a miserable and hungrie life. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. i. ii. 194 Yond Cassius has a leane and hungry looke. 1818Shelley Rev. Islam x. xv, The..flocks and herds Who had survived the wild beasts' hungry chase. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. i. i, His shining eyes darted a hungry look. 1880Antrim & Down Gloss. s.v., A hungry eye sees far.
2. a. Of times or places: Marked by famine or scarcity of food; famine-stricken. the hungry forties, the decade beginning in 1840, characterized in the British Isles by much poverty and unemployment.
c1250Gen. & Ex. 2136 Quan ðo hungri ȝere ben forðcumen. a1300Cursor M. 5094 (Gött.) Fiue ȝere of þis hungery tyde. c1374Chaucer Boeth. i. pr. iv. 9 (Camb. MS.) In the sowre hungry tyme. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. x. 206 Helden [ful] hungry hous and hadde much defaute. 1607Rowlands Diog. Lanth. 29 When thou art hording vp thy foode, Against these hungry dayes. 1905Mrs. C. Unwin (title) The hungry forties. 1910A. Baker Poor against Rich 34, I mention the Hungry Forties, because a lot of poor people have allowed themselves to be misled during the last election, by the fear of dear food. 1920J. Collings in J. L. Green Life Jesse Collings i. iv. 29 During the ‘hungry forties’ eggs were sold twenty for a shilling. 1958Spectator 20 June 792/1 During the famine in Ireland at the end of the Hungry Forties, it was not uncommon [etc.].
b. Of food: Eaten with hunger or keen appetite. Now rare or Obs.
1552Huloet, Hungry meale, peredia. 1653Walton Angler iv. 104 We shall..make a good honest, wholsome, hungry Breakfast. 1871R. Ellis Catullus cviii. 4 First should a tongue..Fall extruded, of each vulture a hungry regale.
3. a. Of food, etc.: That does not satisfy one's hunger; that leaves one hungry. Hence fig. Unsatisfying, insufficient. Now rare.
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iii. 234 Yt wil not be content with a hungry supper. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. lxvii. §12 Their discourses are hungrie and vnpleasant. 1617Moryson Itin. ii. 260 To feed upon their owne hungery store. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. ii. 128 Shrimps..tho' but a hungry sort of Food, they are mightily esteemed. 1865Pall Mall G. 8 Aug. 10 In Lucian's time they found it rather hungry fare.
b. Causing or inducing hunger; appetizing. rare.
1611Coryat (title) Crudities hastily gobled vp in five Moneths Trauells..newly digested in the hungry aire of Odcombe, in the County of Somerset. 1681Penn Acc. Pennsylv. in R. Burton Eng. Emp. Amer. vii. 109 A skie as clear as in Summer, and the Air dry, cold, piercing, and hungry. 1852Thackeray Esmond ii. vii, There are wood⁓cocks for supper..It was such a hungry sermon. Mod. We found it a very hungry place; the children had their appetites wonderfully sharpened.
4. In special collocations.
† hungry evil (sickness), a disease in horses characterized by insatiable hunger. † hungry gut, (a) the intestinum jejunum, the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum, so called because it is supposed to be usually found empty after death; also fig.; (b) in quot. 1552, a person with hungry guts, a glutton. hungry rice, a grain allied to millet, Paspalum exile, much cultivated in West Africa. † hungry worm (see quot. 1737).
1552Huloet, Hungry gutte, esurio. Ibid., Hungry sicnes, bulima, bulimia. 1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 184 To satisfie the hungrie gut of their ravenous appetite. 1598Florio, Digiuno,..a gut in mans bodie called the hungrie gut, because it is alwayes emptie. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 296 The Hungry Evill..is a very great desire to eat, following some great emptiness or lack of meat. 1737Bracken Farriery Impr. (1757) II. 101 The common People imagine them troubled with what they call the Hungry Worm under the Tongue... There is no such Thing as the Worm under a Dog's Tongue. 1858Hogg Veg. Kingd. 818 Paspalum exile is a native of Sierra Leone..cultivated..for its small seeds, and called Fundi or Fundungi, which signifies Hungry Rice. 1887C. A. Moloney Forestry W. Afr. 526 Fundi, fundungi, hungry rice, Sierra Leone millet.
5. transf. and fig. Having or characterized by a strong desire or craving (for, † after, † of anything); eager; greedy; avaricious.
a. of persons, their attributes, etc.
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 215 Ðe hodede..sholde..fede mid godes worde þe hungrie soule. a1325Prose Psalter cvi[i]. 9 He..fulfild hungri soules of godes. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. ii. 188 Aren none hardur ne hongryour þan men of holy churche. 1548Udall Erasm. Par. Pref. 14 Hongrie of ferther Knoweladge. 1590Sir J. Smyth Disc. Weapons 6 Hungrie after charge, spoyle and gaine. 1748Anson's Voy. iii. vii. 357 A hungry and tyrannical Magistrate. 1813Shelley Q. Mab vi. 137 That..the exulting cries..Might sate thine hungry ear. 1889Jessopp Coming of Friars vi. 266 Classes of eager youths hungry for intellectual food.
b. of things.
1650Cotgr. (ed. Howell) Of Fr. Lett., The French is a hungry language, for it devours more consonants than any other. 1725Pope Odyss. xii. 18 The hungry flame devours the silent dead. 1845Hood Mermaid Margate xxx, He was saved from the hungry deep by a boat. 1886Traill Shaftesbury iv. (1888) 52 The conveyance of prize-money..into Charles's always hungry pocket. 1898Westm. Gaz. 20 Apr. 5/1 Now and again a column of flame shot out..and stretched a hungry arm at the building.
6. a. Lacking elements which are needful or desirable, and therefore capable of absorbing these to a great extent; ‘more disposed to draw from other substances than to impart to them’ (J.); esp. of land, etc.: Not rich or fertile, poor; of rivers: Not supplying food for fish. † Applied formerly also to ‘hard’ waters and acrid liquids, wines, etc.
1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. i. (1586) 24 The land..which is nought and yeeldes not his fruite, is called leane, barren, hungry. 1626Bacon Sylva §395 The more Fat Water will beare Soape best; For the Hungry Water doth kill the vnctuous Nature of the Soape. 1649W. Blithe Eng. Improv. Impr. (1653) 157 Thy Sets may neither root in stiffe-binding Clay: nor hungry Sand. 1703Art of Vintners & Wine-C. 17 To meliorate the taste of hungry and too eager White Wines. 1787Best Angling (ed. 2) 6 Carps in all hungry springing waters being fed at certain times will come up, and take their meat almost from your hand. 1816Keatinge Trav. (1817) I. 9 Flat tracts of hungry pasture ground. 1890Whitby Gaz. 24 Jan. 3/3 Food was not plentiful in the river anywhere, and Goathland beck was certainly the hungriest part of the stream.
b. fig. Jejune; barren, sterile.
1571Golding Calvin on Ps. xxv. 8 A cold and hungery imaginacion.
c. Min. ‘A term applied to hard barren vein-matter, such as white quartz (not discolored with iron oxide)’ (Raymond Mining Gloss. 1881).
7. Comb. † hungry-looked, hungry-looking adjs.
1713Steele Guardian No. 54 ⁋12 A lean hungry-looked rascal. |