| 释义 |
hydrofoil|ˈhaɪdrəfɔɪl|
[f. hydro- + foil n.1, after aerofoil.]
1. A plane designed to give rise to a force (other than drag) when moving through a liquid; spec. (a) a plane (usually one of two or more) attached to a vessel by means of which the hull is lifted clear of the water at speed; (b) one attached to a seaplane to facilitate take-off by increasing the hydrodynamic lift; (c) one attached at the side of a ship to act as a stabilizer.
1920Chambers's Jrnl. 28 Feb. 207/2 [A boat.] Under each wing at its forward end is a series of narrow steel planes known as hydrofoils. 1933Aeroplane 24 May 945/1 The possibility of using hydrofoils to cure porpoising and to revolutionise the design of flying-boats. 1939Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. XLIII. 552 A special landing and take-off gear in the form of hydrofoils which will be retracted in flight. 1958New Scientist 27 Feb. 15/3 The aerofoils of the sails and the hydrofoil of the keel are separated by the hull of the yacht. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. XIII. 212/1 Diving planes [on a submarine] are pairs of hydrofoils which extend from the sides of the ship. 1968J. E. Plapp Engin. Fluid Mech. xii. 486 The hydrofoil..is a wing designed to operate in water instead of air. 1972Daily Tel. 28 Sept. 6/5 The mono hull has surface-piercing hydrofoils which lift the craft out of the water. 1973Nature 12 Jan. 114/2 The use of hydrofoils for a wide variety of purposes such as propeller blades on boats, as sailboat keels, ship rudders, submarine and torpedo fins, lifting surfaces of hydrofoil boats, and shroud ring stabilizers for missiles, has prompted efforts to increase the lift-to-drag ratio.
2. A vessel fitted with hydrofoils for raising it clear of the water.
1959Times Rev. Industry Nov. 41/1 This speed..will be valuable for work on high speed motor boats or hydrofoils. 1962Daily Tel. 12 Feb. 16/8 The United States Maritime Administration..believes there is a big future for hydrofoils as passenger vessels. 1968[see foil-borne a.]. 1969N.Z. Listener 12 Dec. 19/1 Jaunting up Auckland Harbour on the hydrofoil. 1970R. C. Dorf Mod. Control Syst. x. 351 The Denison is an 80-ton hydrofoil capable of operating in seas ranging to 9 ft in amplitude at a speed of 60 knots. 1972Guardian 27 May 5/3 The Thames's first modern commuter service—by Italian hydrofoil—opened yesterday.
3. attrib., as hydrofoil boat, hydrofoil craft, hydrofoil service, hydrofoil ship.
1950Electronic Engin. XXII. 205 A hydrofoil boat—one which has wings extending into the water to support it in motion so that the hull is out of the water—has speed and stability advantages. 1960Times 19 Jan. 10/7 The United States Government has awarded a contract for the construction of a hydrofoil ship capable of carrying 100 passengers at speeds up to 90 miles an hour. 1960New Scientist 15 Sept. 703/2 The hydrofoil craft is particularly suited for river work. 1964Weekly News (Auckland) 8 July 30 The beginning of the hydrofoil service to Waiheke Island..means that island residents..can now make the trip between Auckland and Matiatia in 20 minutes. 1973Cook's Continental Timetable June 456 Hydrofoil Services. Journey 35 minutes [from Naples] to Capri. |