| 释义 |
used, ppl. a.|juːzd|
[f. use v. + -ed1.]
I.
1. †a. Customarily employed, experienced, or met with; accustomed, usual, wonted. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. i. met. v. (1868) 22 Þe euesterre esperus..comeþ eft aȝeynes hir vsed cours. c1440J. Capgrave St. Kath. iv. 1719 These too natures in oure lord ihesu were..coupled to-geder ageyn vsed kynde. 1445in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) I. 343 Thei shall ocupye with all maner of cariagez..the vsed way within the ground. 1449Pecock Repr. v. ii. 489 These now had and vsid religiouns in the chirche. 1480Wardr. Acc. Edw. IV. (1830) 150 A pane of scarlet furrid with used ermyns. 1579E. K. Spenser's Sheph. Cal. Gen. Argt. ⁋2 To call them by the vsed and best knowen name. 1650Howell Giraffi's Rev. Naples i. 2 Forcing him [sc. Gensericus] to bid a us'd farewell to fair Italie. 1655Moufet & Bennet Health's Improv. xxix. 272, I perswade strong and indifferent stomachs to continue their used Diet.
b. That is or has been made use of; utilized. spec. (a) (esp. of a vehicle) = second hand, second-hand B. 2; also in hyphenated attrib. phr.; (b) of paper currency: not in mint condition.
1594–[see well-used]. 1758B. Franklin Poor Richard (1890) 270 The used Key is always bright. 1864E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene 157 The used surfaces of the teeth begin to bear a square mark. 1885J. W. Palmer Bric-à-Brac 27 Papering a room with used stamps. 1931Punch 3 June 589/2 It seems there is little demand nowadays for used cars. People find they can get all the walking exercise they need without buying a second-hand car. 1932L. N. Wright Links of Old Family Tree x. 184 She was tempted to go into the business of dealing in used furniture. 1938[see repossession 1]. 1955F. O'Connor Wise Blood iv. 67 By six-thirty, he was down town, looking for used-car lots. 1960I. Jefferies Dignity & Purity i. 12 He gave me five hundred quid in used ones. 1966J. B. Priestley Salt is Leaving i. 12 Albert is doing quite nicely in the used-car business. 1970‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Cookie Bird vii. 109 Nine thousand used dollar bills.
2.
†a. Established by usage; customary. Obs.
c1450tr. De Imitatione iii. xiii. 81 The olde used custom wol wiþstonde, but it shal be ouercomen by a better custom. 1603Florio Montaigne ii. xv. 358 An auncient custome, and vsed cerimony.
b. used and wont, that is usual or customary; according to use and custom. Sc.
1510Reg. Privy Seal Scotl. I. 315/2 Payand thairfor ȝerelie four pundis thre s. usuale money,..with all maner of dewiteis usit and wount. 1562Reg. Cupar Abbey I. 362 Item, to the convent..for ane part of thair sustentatioun vsit and wont. 1609Skene Reg. Maj. ii. Table 63 Bot the fourt heire sall make service vsed and wont. 1718in Nairne Peerage Evidence (1874) 34 With the rights rents and services..used and wont. 1814Scott Wav. l, [He] claimed permission to perform..the service used and wont. 1864Jedburgh Council Rec. 31 Oct. (MS.), With all ceremonies used and wont.
3. Experienced (in something); expert. Latterly Sc.
c1425Eng. Conq. Ireland 23 Throgh kynde of Fraunce, we ben wsyd in wepyn. c1470Henry Wallace iii. 379 For thai war wicht, and weill wsyt in wer. 1786Burns Epist. to J. Rankine ix, Some auld us'd hands had taen a note, That [etc.]. 1824Scott St. Ronan's iii, Dick..was an auld used hand.
II. used up.
4. U.S. Discussed thoroughly; talked of, or written about, critically.
1839Mrs. Kirkland A New Home xxxv, 237 After tea the poor Brents were completely ‘used up’, to borrow a phrase much in vogue with us, and the next day I was..asked..if I had heard that Mr. and Mrs. Brent were going to ‘part’. 1848Poe J. R. Lowell Wks. 1895 VIII. 5 The various criticisms, in which we have been amused (rather ill-naturedly) at seeing Mr. Lowell ‘used up’.
5. slang or colloq.
a. Thoroughly exhausted by physical exertion or hardship; tired out, ‘done up’.
1839H. McLeod Let. 18 Jan. in Papers M. B. Lamar (122) II. 423, I will come down in a few days with Genl Rusk, but I am really so ‘used up’ now, that I cannot undergo the fatigue. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxviii, [He was] barefooted..; ‘cleaned out’ to the last real, and completely ‘used up’. 1850Smedley F. Fairlegh xlvii, Why, the perspiration is pouring down your face,—you look regularly used-up. 1888J. C. Harris Free Joe, etc. 226 It was a five-mile excursion; and he returned, as Mrs. Haley expressed it, ‘a used-up man’.
b. Knocked up by excess.
1890Gunter Miss Nobody xiii, My heavens! what a head I have accumulated over night!.. I wonder if Avonmere is used up likewise?
6. a. Worn out, debilitated, rendered useless, as with hard work, age, dissipation, etc.
1848Dickens Dombey x, A smoke-dried, sunburnt, used-up, invalided old dog of a Major, Sir. 1862Calverley Poems 57 What is coffee, but a noxious berry, Born to keep used-up Londoners awake? 1863W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting vi. 214 An old used-up brute [sc. horse]. 1871Eleanor Grove tr. Ebers' Egypt. Princess I. Preface (Tauchn.) p. xv, In days when a used-up man of the world, like Antony, could desire in his will that [etc.].
transf.1852C. B. Mansfield Paraguay, etc. (1856) 369 The more respectable people here..have a sort of used-up look, which is not inviting. 1853Dickens Bleak Ho. liii, The cousin..yawns, ‘Vayli’—being the used-up for ‘very likely’. 1871Earle Philol. English Tongue i. 106 The extreme oddity of our sound of U comes out under a used-up or languid utterance. 1875J. Grant One of the ‘600’ iii, The used-up bearing of those..who affect to act as if..life itself was a bore.
b. Emotionally exhausted; blasé.
1845C. J. Mathews Used Up i. i. 8 Here I am, at thirty-three, completely blazé—a man literally ‘used up!’ 1853Mrs. Gaskell Ruth xxiii, He was pleased to feel jealous again. He had been really afraid he was too much ‘used-up’ for such sensations.
7. Reduced, exhausted, or consumed by using; rendered unserviceable by use.
1855Delamer Kitchen Garden 179 In short, make a general clearance of used-up things [in a garden]. 1881Shairp Asp. Poetry 132 The accumulations of used-up verbiage, which had so long choked the sources of inspiration. 1896Allbutt's Syst. Med. I. 312 The contaminated or used-up air.
Hence † ˈusedly adv., commonly; ˈusedness. Also used-upness (nonce-use).
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iv. 81 But it was..vsedly the custome..to shorten their iourney. 1680Baxter Answ. Stillingfl. xxxiii. 48 If Usefulness and Usedness..may afford us a Prognostick. 1871Mrs. Whitney Real Folks xiii, You would notice instantly the consummate usedness to the world. 1891‘L. Keith’ Halletts II. 220 There was a good deal of used-upness about Spenceley, though..the world had still certain points open to his combativeness. |