| 释义 |
mores, usu. const. as n. pl.|ˈmɔəriːz|
[a. L. mores pl. of mos manner, custom.]
1. Those acquired customs and moral assumptions which give cohesion to a community or social group, the contravention or rejection of which produces a reaction of shock and outrage. Also attrib.
1907W. G. Sumner Folkways 30 The mores are the folkways, including the philosophical and ethical generalizations as to societal welfare which are suggested by them, and inherent in them as they grow. Ibid. 37 The Latin word ‘mores’ seems to be..convenient..as a name for the folkways with the connotation of right and truth in respect to welfare, embodied in them. 1927J. Dowd Negro in Amer. Life xxi. 154 The adjustment of the South to her new educational problem is only one of the many adjustments incident to her passing from the mores of slavery to the mores of freedom; and any sociologist knows that it is impossible to change the mores of a people suddenly. 1948Mind LVII. 511 It frequently happens that any individual variations from cultural traits cause great indignation. When this is so the cultural traits in question are called mores-traits. 1958J. K. Galbraith Affluent Soc. xviii. 200 Television and the violent mores of Hollywood and Madison Avenue must contend with the intellectual discipline of the school. 1958Spectator 1 Aug. 167/1 It is surely a mistake for a nation of independent character and traditions to ape the different and often alien mores of another. 1967Ibid. 30 June 765/1 The law, in the shape of the jury, is the custodian of our mores. 1970G. Greer Female Eunuch 171 Perhaps the pop revolution..has had a far-reaching effect on sexual mores. 1975Verbatim Feb. 4/2 The fact of the matter is that mores, politics, and sentiment change.
2. Ecology. The habits, behaviour, etc., of a group of animals of the same kind; also, occasionally, the group itself. Cf. niche n. 3 c. Also attrib.
1911V. E. Shelford in Biol. Bull. XXI. 146 Ecological succession is based upon physiology, habits, behavior, mode of life, and the like, which I have proposed to call mores (opposed to the term form). Ibid. 147 It is of course recognized that within rather uncertain limits the mores of a morphological species remain, in a general way, the same throughout its geographic range. 1913― Animal Communities Temperate Amer. ii. 33 Ecology..considers physiological life histories primarily in nature, for this reason the central problem of ecology is the mores problem. 1954A. M. Woodbury Princ. Gen. Ecol. xi. 197 Ecologically an individual may be classified under two or more headings in which the unit is a mores. For example, an insect may pass through an egg stage, a larval stage, a pupal stage, and an adult stage, each of which would represent a mores, an ecological unit in a community. 1962H. Hanson Dict. Ecol. 229 Mores, the general behavioural attributes of motile organisms, or groups of animals possessing particular ecological characteristics. 1973P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. viii. 117 The fish had different physiologies, habits, behavior, and modes of life, a collection of parameters which he [sc. Shelford] called the mores of the animals... His word mores, which has an awkward and alien sound, disappeared, but the idea he was seeking to express by it later found an outlet in Elton's ‘niche’ and became a central ecological concept. |