| 释义 |
vaccinate, v.|ˈvæksɪneɪt|
[f. vaccine a. Cf. F. vacciner (a 1803), It. vaccinare, Pg. vaccinar, Sp. vacunar.]
1. a. trans. To inoculate with the virus of cow-pox as a protection against smallpox.
1803Ring Treat. Cow-pox ii. 1026 A French physician..having vaccinated the son of the English Consul. Ibid. 1027 A number of those who were vaccinated in New England. c1825S. M. Lloyd Tommy Sole 2 When her only child, Tommy, was at a proper age, Mr. Howard proposed to vaccinate him. [Foot-note, To inoculate him with the cow-pox.] 1856Miss Mulock J. Halifax xxv, Rather against Ursula's wish, I vaccinated the children.
fig.1809Southey in Q. Rev. I. 212 It might be supposed their ablutions at the cow's tail vaccinated them against the contagion of any other religion. 1872O. W. Holmes Poet Breakf.-t. x, There are teachers..who vaccinate the two childhoods with wholesome doctrine. 1892Zangwill Child. Ghetto II. 3 Who will vaccinate him against free-thinking as I would have done?
b. transf. To inoculate with a vaccine.
1882E. Klein in 11th Ann. Rep. Local Govt. Board in Parl. Papers (C. 3337. 1) XXX. ii. 509 In Pasteur's case the sheep inoculated with such bacilli..are not killed by anthrax, but ‘vaccinated’, and protected. 1904Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 574 By vaccinating animals..with a strongly neurotoxic poison. 1955[see polio 1]. 1983Oxford Times 3 June 18/2 Women are being urged to check that they have been vaccinated against German measles after a serious outbreak of the disease.
2. intr. To perform or practise vaccination.
1837Macaulay Ess., Ld. Bacon (1897) 404 The Baconian takes out a lancet and begins to vaccinate. 1843Marryat M. Violet xviii, As I have before mentioned, the Shoshones vaccinate. 1878[see vaccine n. 2].
3. trans. To inject by or in vaccination.
1868Seaton Handbk. Vaccination 22 When lymph raised in cows by retro-vaccination is vaccinated back to the human subject.
Hence ˈvaccinated ppl. a., ˈvaccinating vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1808Reece Med. Dict. s.v. Cow-pox, The proportion of *vaccinated persons. 1876J. S. Bristowe Th. & Pract. Med. (1878) 177 Sometimes a roseolous rash spreads over the vaccinated limb. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 29/1 Do the vaccinated escape in an epidemic?
1867Chambers's Encycl. IX. 688/2 The method of *vaccinating and the phenomena of cow-pox. 1868Ballard Vaccination 355 The puncture of the vaccinating lancet. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 715 An active vaccinating material. |