| 释义 |
alumina|əˈl(j)uːmɪnə|
[mod.L.; formed, along with its Fr. equivalent alumine (also used in Eng.) on L. alūmen, alūmin-, alum, on the type of soda, potassa, magnesia, by the Fr. chemical nomenclators of 1787; its character as the earth of alum (alaun-erde) having been proved by Marggraf in 1754. Other proposed names were arga, argil.]
a. One of the earths, a white, insoluble, tasteless, amorphous substance; the only oxide (Al2O3) of the metal aluminium, the basis of alum, the chief constituent of all clays, and found crystallized as the sapphire.
c1790J. Black Elem. Chem. II. 150 The French chemists have given a new name to this pure earth; alumine in French, and alumina in Latin. I confess I do not like this alumina. 1801Chenevix in Phil. Trans. XCI. 197, I could..discover iron, silica, alumina, and carbonic acid. 1802― Chem. Nomencl. 116 In the chapter upon Earth, we find..Argil for Alumina. 1813Sir H. Davy Agric. Chem. 156 Alumina exists in a pure and crystallized state in the white sapphire. 1871Tyndall Fragm. Sc. (ed. 6) I. xii. 362 These masses of slate contain silica, alumina, potash, soda, and mica.
b. attrib.
1908Chem. Abstr. 735 Process of producing alumina solutions compounded with plant extracts. 1909Cent. Dict. Suppl., Alumina cream, freshly precipitated aluminium hydrate held in suspension in water. 1951R. Mayer Artist's Handbk. ii. 40 Alumina hydrate, aluminium hydroxide, artificially produced. A white, fluffy, light-weight powder which becomes virtually colourless and transparent when it is ground in oil. 1963Lancet 5 Jan. 13/1 The management of the isotope on an alumina column has proved quite easy and the expense not unreasonable. |