| 释义 |
illustration|ɪləˈstreɪʃən|
[a. F. illustration (13th c. in Godef.), ad. L. illustrātiōn-em (Quintilian), n. of action f. illustrāre to illustrate.]
The action or fact of illustrating.
The sense-history is parallel to that of illumination, the meaning ‘spiritual enlightenment’ being the first to appear.
†1. Lighting up, illumination, enlightenment. Obs.
a. spiritual (the earliest sense) or intellectual.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Egipciane 40 He had sic infusione of godis illustracione. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 126 b, The persone that receyueth suche illustracyon or lyght, is all quvet & restfull bothe in soule & body. 1604T. Wright Passions vi. 322 The manifold inspirations of God, the illustrations of his holy Angels. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. To Rdr. A vj b, Then hast thou the Illustration of this learned Gentleman, my friend, to explaine euery hard matter of history. 1653Ld. Vaux Godeau's St. Paul 344 A divine illustration cleared his understanding.
b. physical.
a1631Donne 80 Serm. viii. (1640) 81 Such an illustration, such an irradiation, such a coruscation..that by that light..he could have read in the night. 1681Wharton Disc. Soul World Wks. (1683) 647 We see no Adustion in Comets but only some Illustration. 1764Phil. Trans. LIV. 326 This unusual and very remarkable illustration of the atmosphere continued the whole evening.
2. The action of making or fact of being made illustrious, brilliant, or distinguished; distinction. Also, An example, means or cause of distinction.
1616Bullokar, Illustration, a making famous or noble. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. i iv. 41 He [Christ] came not in pompous and secular illustrations. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) III. 46 They have invested this their head [the king] with all possible illustration: he concentrates the rays of many nations. 1776Adam Smith W.N. v. i. iii. (1869) II. 360 In Rome it [law]..gave a considerable degree of illustration to those citizens who had the reputation of understanding it. 1850Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) I. ii. 61 The illustration of his family dated only from his father. 1855Thackeray Newcomes I. vii. 71 My maxim is, that genius is an illustration, and merit is better than any pedigree.
3. The action or fact of making clear or evident to the mind; setting forth clearly or pictorially; elucidation; explanation; exemplification.
1581Marbeck Bk. of Notes 491 It is a figure called Illustration, by the which the forme of things is so set foorth in words, that it seemeth rather to be seene with the eies, then heard with the eares. 1588Fraunce Lawiers Log. i. i. 3 By explication and illustration, or proofe and conclusion. 1657J. Smith Myst. Rhet. 172 Antithesis, is also the illustration of a thing by its opposite. a1704T. Brown Declam. Adverbs Wks. 1730 I. 40 What need I bring more topicks for illustration? 1853Ruskin Stones Ven. II. vi, I have confined the illustration of it to architecture.
b. With an and pl. That which serves to illustrate or make clear, evident, etc.; an elucidation, explanation; an example, instance.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. ii. iii. 33 John de Maire of Belges in his illustrations of Gaule. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. vi. viii. 312 Some, from whom wee receive the greatest illustrations of Antiquity, have made no mention hereof. 1649W. Blithe Eng. Improv. Impr. To Rdr., Some illustrations upon some of the former passages. 1832(title) Views in New York..Picturesque Drawings..with Historical, Topographical and Critical Illustrations by Th. G. Fay. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxii. 154 An illustration of the principle which runs throughout nature. 1896Duke of Argyll Philos. Belief 62 A passing image or illustration of some one..aspect of life.
4. The pictorial elucidation of any subject; the elucidation or embellishment of a literary or scientific article, book, etc., by pictorial representations.
1813Britton Redcliffe Church Pref. 9, I was also tempted to enter more fully into the illustration of the building. Mod. The artists engaged in the illustration of this sumptuous work. Process plates used in the illustration of cheap periodicals.
b. An illustrative picture; a drawing, plate, engraving, cut, or the like, illustrating or embellishing a literary article, a book, etc.
[1816(title) A Cabinet Illustration of Great Britain; in a series of near 300 Elegant Views.] 1817Advt. in Q. Rev. Feb., Westall's Illustrations to the Works of Walter Scott, Esq. In 8vo, beautifully engraved from the Paintings of R. Westall, R.A. 1822W. J. Hooker (title) Botanical Illustrations: being a Series of Figures designed to illustrate the Terms employed in..Lectures on Botany. 1828Lit. Gaz. 9 Feb. 84/3 The Illustrations of the book are worthy of George Cruikshank. 1839T. Moore (title) The Epicurean: a Tale with Vignette Illustrations by J. M. W. Turner, R.A. 1842(May 14) Illustr. Lond. News No. 1, Selections from the illustrations of the numerous works which the press is daily pouring forth. 1851Ruskin (title) The Stones of Venice..with Illustrations drawn by the Author. 1888Nature 23 Aug. 385 The book is one which is especially noteworthy for the beauty of its illustrations. 1898Navy & Army Illustr. 23 July 412 Our next illustration shows a boat..engaged in sounding. |