| 释义 |
verification|ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən|
Also 6 verificatioun, -acioun, veryfycacyon.
[a. OF. verificacion (mod.F. vérification, = It. verificazione, Sp. verificacion, Pg. verificação), f. verifier, or ad. med.L. *vērificātiōn-, vērificātio, f. vērificāre: see verify v. and -ation.]
1. The action of demonstrating or proving to be true or legitimate by means of evidence or testimony; formal assertion of truth. Now rare.
1523Reg. Aberdon. (Maitl. Cl.) I. 388 For þe verificatioun and prewyng of his indorsyng and execution of my lordis precept. 1533Bellenden Livy i. xix. (S.T.S.) I. 110 In verificacioun hereof [i.e. an intended act of treason] þe said turnus did maist cruelie inway aganis him. 1599Skene De Verb. Sign. (ed. 2) Q 3 b, The Schireffe..suld summond certaine persons..& suld be present in proper persone..with the verification of the saidis summoundes. 1634W. Tirwhyt tr. Balzac's Lett. 19, I say nothing (my Lord) I am not ready to sweare in verification of my belief. 1660Jer. Taylor Ductor ii. i. rule 7 §2 If she be a woman, if she can be a wife, and can be his, there is no more requir'd to a verification of the contract in the law of nature. 1911A. G. Hogg Christ's Message Kingd. iii. xi. 140 To use an oath even for the purpose of verification, is to make a convenience of God.
2. Demonstration of truth or correctness by facts or circumstances.
1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. B j b, Thus than appereth the veryfycacyon of the fyrste condycyon that a Cyrurgyen ought to haue, for he ought to be lettred and learned. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxvi. 142 The Sentence of the Judge..is a sufficient Verification of the Law of Nature in that individuall case. 175.Warburton Disc., Rise Antichrist Wks. 1788 V. 443 It hath..only the traditional verification of the Evidence of a past Fact. 1782J. Brown View Nat. & Rev. Relig. ii. i. 139 All the dispositions and actions of mankind are a plain verification of the leading truths of his word. 1802Playfair Illustr. Hutton. Th. 507 A very unexpected verification of some of the conclusions deduced above. 1830Herschel Stud. Nat. Phil. 12 They afford the readiest and completest verifications of his theories. 1882U.S. Rep. Prec. Met. 613 Let us await the verification of time.
3. a. The action of establishing or testing the truth or correctness of a fact, theory, statement, etc., by means of special investigation or comparison of data.
1603Florio Montaigne iii. v. 521 You waste away and die in pursuite of so concealed a misterie of so obscure a verification. 1635Jackson Creed viii. x. §3 Fitter occasion..could not be offered for the exquisite verification or exact fulfilling of this prophecy. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 222 The latter wrote a verification of all the fix'd stars, as to their longitude and latitude, for the year 1440. 1837Whewell Hist. Induct. Sci. I. iii. iv. §1. 190 Periods of verification, as well as epochs of induction, deserve to be attended to. 1855Maury Phys. Geog. Sea v. §294 This estimate..is not capable of verification by any more than the rudest approximations. 1885Manch. Exam. 12 May 5/3 Nearly a month will be swallowed up in the verification of the returns.
b. The action of verifying or testing the accuracy of an instrument, or the quality of goods. Also attrib.
1832Babbage Econ. Manuf. xiv. 103 In the Irish flax trade, a similar example of the high price paid for verification occurs. 1888Pall Mall G. 6 Dec. 5/2 The total number of instruments rejected as unfit for a verification certificate owing to excess of error or to other causes was only 346.
c. Philos. The action or process of verifying a proposition or sentence through empirical experience (associated esp. with logical positivism). Freq. attrib., esp. as verification principle.
1932M. Schlick Gesammelte Aufsätze (1938) viii. 181 The meaning of a proposition is the method of its verification. 1934C. I. Lewis in Philos. Rev. XLIII. 131 Suppose it maintained that no issue is meaningful unless it can be put to the test of decisive verification. 1936A. J. Ayer Lang., Truth & Logic 12, I adopt what may be called a modified verification principle. 1937Mind XLVI. 348, I should have thought the first duty of any advocate of a verification theory of meaning would be to inquire how his theory itself was to be verified. 1956J. O. Urmson Philos. Anal. vii. 107 The verification principle is not essentially a very novel or obscure doctrine except in its traditional formulation. This formulation is that the meaning of a statement is the method of its verification. 1963W. H. Walsh Metaphysics i. 15 Logical Positivists..sought to fashion, in their celebrated Verification Principle of Meaning, a weapon which would destroy metaphysics once and for all. 1977A. Giddens Stud. in Social & Polit. Theory i. 45 What came to be called the ‘Verification Principle’ went through numerous versions, as the inadequacy of Schlick's original formulation..became very rapidly apparent.
d. spec. (see quot. 1972).
1953Ann. Reg. 1952 145 This plan provides for the discussion of the regulation of all armaments..and of their disclosure and verification by two committees. 1962Listener 1 Nov. 720/1 Mr Khruschev says he agrees to order dismantling of missile sites in Cuba under U.N. verification. 1972Dict. Milit. Terms (U.S. Dept. Defense) 316/1 Verification.., in arms control, any action, including inspection, detection, and identification, taken to ascertain compliance with agreed measures.
4. [After French usage.] Ratification.
1789A. Young Jrnl. 8 June in Trav. France (1792) I. 103 If..by the verification of their powers in one chamber, they shall once come together, the popular party hope that there will remain, no power afterwards to separate. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. III. v. iv. 141 When the verification of it was laid before the parliament, the procureur général..solemnly protested against it. 1865M. Arnold Ess. Crit. ii. (1875) 50 By the old constitution of France, these letters patent required the verification of the Parliament. 1902W. L. Mathieson Pol. & Rel. Scotl. I. i. 49 The Parliament of Paris in their act of verification adopted a very superior tone. |