| 释义 |
▪ I. vestibule, n.|ˈvɛstɪbjuːl|
Also α. 7–8 vestible.
[ad. L. vestibulum (hence F. vestibule, OF. vestible, It., Sp. and Pg. vestibulo), entrance-court, fore-court, entrance. The origin of the L. word is uncertain.]
1. In reference to ancient times: The enclosed or partially enclosed space in front of the main entrance of a Roman or Greek house or building; an entrance-court or fore-court.
In some instances approximating to next.
α1623Cockeram i, Vestible, the porch of a dore. 1656Blount Glossogr., Vestible,..a void place without the door, a Porch, an Entry. 1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Atrium, Some have mistakenly confounded the Atrium with the porch or vestible, from which it was distinct. 1796Burney Mem. Metastasio II. 163 Porticos, vestibles of temples, and other public buildings.
βa1751Bolingbroke Study Hist. ii. (1752) I. 19 The citizens of Rome placed the images of their ancestors in the vestibules of their houses. 1770Langhorne Plutarch (1851) II. 1081/1 This tyrant..would not suffer his guards to do duty in the palace, but only in the vestibule and porticos about it. 1791Cowper Iliad xi. 942 While ye on preparation of the feast Attended both, Ulysses and myself Stood in the vestibule. 1819Keats Lamia ii. 163 He met within the murmurous vestibule His young disciple. 1819Shelley Cyclops 219 [To] Throw you as ballast into the ship's hold, And then deliver you, a slave, to move Enormous rocks, or found a vestibule. 1891Farrar Darkn. & Dawn i, In its vestibule was a bronze statue, fifty feet high.
b. In modern usage: A chamber or hall immediately between the entrance-door and the interior of a building or house (usually one of some size), to which it gives admittance; an ante-chamber, entrance-hall, or lobby.
α1730Bailey (fol.), A Vestible is also used for a Kind of little Anti-Chamber before the Entrance of an ordinary Apartment. 1747in Nairne Peerage Evidence (1874) 80 In the low vestible ane old clock.
β1756Mrs. Delany in Autobiog. & Corr. (1861) III. 437 Her apartment is the prettiest thing I ever saw, consisting of a skylight antechamber or vestibule, adorned in the Gothic way. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian i, He was soon admitted to a small vestibule, where he found Bianchi winding balls of silk. 1828Ann. Reg. 76/1 A scene almost of butchery took place in the staircases and vestibules. 1862M. E. Braddon Lady Audley xxxvi, The clock in the vestibule struck nine as Robert opened the library-door. 1881Owen in Nature No. 618. 425 The impressive and rather gloomy vestibule which leads to the great hall.
Comb.1887Pall Mall G. 11 Nov. 2/2 This room opens into a long and lofty vestibule-like chamber.
c. transf. and fig.
Freq. from c 1800; usu. const. of, as in the first group.
(a)1755Young Centaur ii. Wks. 1757 IV. 141 The dark, solemn approaches to, or dismal vestibules of, the grave. 1785Burns Common-pl. Bk. Oct., If ever any young man, in the vestibule of the world, chance to throw his eye over these pages [etc.]. 1800Med. Jrnl. III. 254 There can be no very great deviation, while we remain at the vestibule of useful inquiry. 1833H. Coleridge Lives Northerns 3 A single copy of verses [by Marvell]..keeping its station in the vestibule of Paradise Lost. 1861J. G. Holland Less. Life iii. 48 To-day we stand in life's vestibule. 1875Grindon Life i. 4 True figurative language is..the vestibule of philosophy.
(b)1781Harris Philol. Eng. ii. iv. 106 Looking upon Knowledge..to pass into the Mansions of the Mind thro' Language, they were careful..not to offend in the Vestibule. a1848R. W. Hamilton Rew. & Punishm. viii. (1853) 379 The present is the vestibule to a boundless existence. 1850Maurice Mor. & Met. Philos. (ed. 2) 131 One large class of the Platonic Dialogues, which are the induction or vestibule to the rest. 1873Symonds Grk. Poets i. 3 Language and Mythology form the vestibules and outer courts to Homer, Pheidias, Lycurgus.
d. An enclosed and covered-in portion at either end of a railway carriage, serving as a means of passage from one carriage to another. Also attrib. in vestibule train (see vestibuled a.). orig. U.S.
1889Daily News 7 May 7/3 Communication was then established by throwing a board across, and privacy secured by stretching a piece of canvas above to connect the two roofs. It was the vestibule train principle established unexpectedly in a new quarter. 1890T. M. Cooley, etc. Railways Amer. 246 A perfectly enclosed vestibule of handsome architectural appearance between the cars. 1896Daily News 14 July 9/7 The new vestibule East Coast train.
2. Anat. (and Zool.). One or other of various cavities or hollows regarded as forming an approach or entrance to another, usually a larger or more important, part.
A number of these, as vestibule of the aorta, larynx, mouth, pharynx, are specified in recent encyclopædic and medical Dicts.
a. The osseous cavity which forms the central portion of the labyrinth of the ear and is situated between the tympanum and the internal auditory canal, immediately behind the cochlea.
1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Ear, The Labyrinth..is divided into three Parts; the first called the Vestibule. 1782A. Monro Anat. 72 The other [hole] ends in several very small canals that allow a passage to the branches of the portio mollis..into the vestibule and cochlea. 1836–9Todd's Cycl. Anat. II. 530/1 Of the compartments of the osseous labyrinth, the vestibule lies in the middle, the semi-circular canals behind it, and the cochlea in front. 1856Todd & Bowman Phys. Anat. II. 96 The essential part of the organ of hearing is the vestibule. 1884Coues N. Amer. Birds 188 The bony labyrinth consists of an irregular central cavity, the vestibule.
b. (See quot. 1857.)
1841Ramsbotham Obstetr. Medicine 55 The Meatus Urinarius,..which is the canal leading to the bladder, is situated at the further extremity of the vestibule. 1857Bullock Cazeaux' Midwif. 43 The vestibule is a small triangular space placed at the upper part of the vulva. 1883Duncan Clin. Lect. Dis. Wom. (ed. 2) xvii. 167, I call them inflammations of the pudendum; but they are often called inflammations of the vulva, and sometimes of the vestibule.
c. membranous vestibule, the membranous sacs contained within the osseous vestibule of the ear.
1857Dunglison Med. Lex. s.v., There is also another membrane, constituting the membranous vestibule, but it is not an exact imitation of the osseous cavity.
d. Zool. = vestibulum 2 b. rare.
1875Huxley & Martin Elem. Biol. 87 When fæcal matters are discharged, they make their way out by an aperture which is temporarily formed in the floor of this vestibule.
▪ II. ˈvestibule, v.
[Back-formation from next.]
trans. To provide or supply (a railway carriage) with vestibules; to unite by means of vestibules.
1891in Cent. Dict. 1896Westm. Gaz. 20 Apr. 2/1 The two cars..are ‘vestibuled’ together by a central lobby. 1904N. & Q. 10th Ser. I. 346/2 Through carriages on a certain train between London and Hull will henceforward be ‘vestibuled through’ to an express. |