| 释义 |
▪ I. victor, n.1|ˈvɪktə(r)|
Forms: α. 4– victor, 5 victore, uyctor, 6 Sc. wictor. β. 4–7 victour (6 Sc. wictour), 5 victur, -oure, vyctour(e, -owre.
[a. AF. victor, victour (OF. victeur), or L. victor, agent-noun f. vict-, ppl. stem of vincĕre to overcome, conquer.]
1. One who overcomes or vanquishes an adversary; the leader of an army which wins a battle or war. Sometimes collect., the winning army or nation. Also const. of.
αa1340Hampole Psalter xxiii. 1 A bedel þat eftere þe victory cries þat all þe land is þe victors. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 99 Þe Saxons were victors, and eueriche prouince, as he was strengere, made hem kynges. c1400Destr. Troy 2145 Ofte sith hit is sene..That a victor of a victe is vile ouercomyn. 1448–9J. Metham Wks. (E.E.T.S.) 52/1403 Yowre welffare and prosperyte Is in my uyage, yff I may uyctor be. 1570Levins Manip. 171 A victor, victor. 1592W. Wyrley Armorie, Capitall de Buz i, Assailant conqueror, this braue English king Triumphant victors his noble offspring. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. iv. v. 67 What shalbe done To him that victory commands? or doe you purpose, A victor shall be knowne. 1665Manley Grotius' Low-C. Warres 235 His Body, when found by the Victors,..was exposed to publike shame and laughter. 1697Dryden æneid xii. 497 In vain the vanquish'd fly; the victor sends The dead men's weapons at their living friends. 1762Hume Hist. Eng. I. 6 Boadicea herself, rather than fall into the hands of the enraged victor, put an end to her own life by poison. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xxx. (1787) III. 161 The Huns..soon withdrew from the presence of an insulting victor. 1821Scott Kenilw. xxxvii, The light yet strong buckler, and the short two-edged sword, the use of which had made them victors of the world. 1841Elphinstone Hist. Ind. II. 567 Two of the surviving brothers soon after came to an open conflict, and the third attacked the victor on the morning after the battle. 1871R. Ellis Catullus lxiv. 112 Thence in safety, a victor, in height of glory returned.
β1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 87 Þan afterward þey serued þe Macedonyes, when þe Macedoynes were victours in þe est londes. a1400–50Alexander 186 Þan sall þat victoure ȝow venge on ȝour vile fais. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 4321 Þe feld þei han, and ben þat day victours. c1440Promp. Parv. 510/1 Vyctowre, victor, triumphator. 1508Dunbar Poems vii. 20 Welcum invincible victour moste wourthy. 1581A. Hall Iliad v. 78 Thinking that victour now he stoode, thus Pandarus doth braue At the stoute Greeke. 1658Phillips, Victour, an overcomer or Conquerour.
b. transf. and fig. One who overcomes in any contest or struggle.
a1400Minor Poems fr. Vernon MS. xxiii. 132 Com to vs wiþ-outen wene, Victor of olde Enemys. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 97 Verray victor withe his woundes fyve. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 90 Help lady that he..Of his goostly enmyse may victour be. c1450J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert 81 These same maydenes, desyring to be victouris of her kynde & eke of þe world. 1508Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen 326, I crew abone that craudone, as cok that wer wictour. 1567Gude & Godlie B. (S.T.S.) 23 Christ,..Victour of deid and hell. 1638Junius Paint. Ancients 345 Now having obtained the chase, the victor calleth for a knife to take essay. 1687Boyle Martyrd. Theodora vii. (1703) 104 O admirable contest! where the noble antagonists did not strive for victory, but death,..that the victor might perish for the vanquished. 1732Pope Ep. Bathurst 313 There, Victor of his health, of fortune, friends, And fame, this lord of useless thousands ends. 1811Shelley Love 7 Since withering pain no power possessed,..Nor time's dread victor, death, confessed. 1865Daily Tel. 31 Oct. 6/5 The silent Victor that meets us all, sooner or later.
†c. Sc. The dux of a school. Obs.
1651Caldwell Papers (Maitl. Cl.) I. 105 To y⊇ shoillmaster and doctor in Glasgow for Wm Mure his candilmas offering, he being victor that year, 20. 0. 0. 1724R. Wodrow Life J. Wodrow (1828) 78 The Archbishop Paterson's second son was then in it [the school], and was what we then called victor.
2. attrib. (chiefly appositive), passing into adj. (cf. victorious a.).
a. Of weapons, etc., as victor arms, victor arrow, victor-banner, victor-spear, victor sword.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. x. 23 He with his victour sword first opened The bowels of wide Fraunce. 1605Shakes. Lear v. iii. 132, I protest,..Despite thy victor-Sword,..thou art a Traitor. 1726Pope Odyss. xix. 477 My victor arms Have awed the realms around with dire alarms. Ibid. xxiv. 202 Thro' ev'ry ring the victor arrow went. 1776Mickle tr. Camoens' Lusiad 168 O'er the wild waves the victor-banners flow'd. Ibid. 229 The victor-spear One hand employed. 1817Shelley Rev. Islam iv. xxv, Why pause the victor swords to seal his overthrow?
b. Of persons, animals, etc., as victor brethren, victor eagle, victor god, victor-hand, victor-head, victor-hero, etc.
c1640Shirley Cont. Ajax & Ulysses (1659) 128 Upon Deaths purple Altar now, See where the Victor-victim bleeds. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 747 The Victor Horse, forgetful of his Food, The Palm renounces, and abhors the Flood. 1703Pope Thebais 668 To Argos' realms the victor god resorts. c1716Somerville To Addison, Estate Warwicks., The victor-host amaz'd, with horror view'd Th' assembling troops. 1717Pope Iliad xii. 257 The victor eagle, whose sinister flight Retards our host. 1730Thomson Sophonisba ii. ii. 7 If she may touch Thy knee, thy purple, and thy victor-hand. 1776Mickle tr. Camoens' Lusiad 96 On Jordan's bank the victor-hero strode. Ibid. 328 The victor-youth the Lusian flag displays. 1814Scott Ld. of Isles iv. xxx, O Scotland! shall it e'er be mine..To raise my victor-head, and see Thy hills, thy dales, thy people free? 1845Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 388, I, it seems, am first Of all my victor brethren to declare The triumph past and coming.
c. Miscellaneous, as victor-deed, victor-pæan, victor-palm, victor-pomp, victor shore, victor-shout.
c1381Chaucer Parl. Foules 182 The olyue of pes, & ek the dronke vyne, The victor palm, the laurer to deuyne.
1776Mickle tr. Camoens' Lusiad 171 'Twas his in victor-pomp to bear away The golden apples from Hesperia's shore. 1803Leyden Scenes Infancy iv. xviii, The groans of wounded on the blood-red plain, And victor-shouts exulting o'er the slain. 1808Scott Marm. iii. xxiv, Shouting crews her navy bore, Triumphant, to the victor shore. 1814― Ld. of Isles v. xxxii, Then long and loud the victor-shout From turret and from tower rung out. 1819Keats Otho i. ii, I wonder not this stranger's victor-deeds So hang upon your spirit. 1885J. H. Dell Dawning Grey, Prefatory, For the leader that shall bring To the field the mightiest forces, shall the victor-pæan ring.
†3. victor penny, a fee paid to the schoolmaster by the scholar owning the victorious cock. Obs.
1525Foundation Stat. Manchester Gram. School 15 April, [The Schoolmaster shall teach the children] with⁓oute any money or other reward taking therefor as cokke peny, victor peny, potacion peny or any other except his said stipend.
▪ II. † victor, n.2 Obs. Chiefly Sc.
Forms: α. 4–5 victor, 5 Sc. victour, wictour(e, 6 Sc. wict-, victore. β. 4 victoire, 5 victoyre.
[a. OF. victore and victoire: see victory n.]
Victory.
α1375Barbour Bruce iv. 277 Scho..bad him till the battale spede, For he suld victor haf but drede. Ibid. viii. 255 .Gif that we may..Haf victour of our fayis heir. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xi. (Simon & Jude) 176 To knaw hyme & his helpe crafe, be quham þu mycht þe wictoure hafe. a1400–50Alexander 2096 Alexander þe athill..A-vanced with þe victore & vengid on his faes. 141326 Pol. Poems xii. 131 Þat haþ victor, wole be euel payed, So many good men ben lest. c1470Henry Wallace vii. 148 The gold takynnis..Wictour in armys, that thou sall haiff be grace. 1533Gau Richt Vay 45 Deid is swolit throw wictore. 1549Compl. Scotl. Ep. 4, I suld nocht forȝet the tryumphant victore,..conqueist be the vailȝeant..kyng of secilie.
β1390Gower Conf. I. 37 Fulofte is sene..The fieble hath wonne the victoire. Ibid. 125 To kepe and drawe into memoire Of his bataille the victoire. 1474Caxton Chesse ii. iv. (1883) 52 Scylla that was Duc of the Romayns wyth oute had many fayr victoyres agaynst the Romayns wyth Inne.
▪ III. † ˈvictor, v. Obs.
[f. victor n.1]
trans. To overcome, vanquish. Chiefly in pa. pple. and ppl. a. ˈvictored. Hence † ˈvictoring ppl. a.
1576Bedingfield tr. Cardanus' Comf. 38 For that neither in victory or victored he would hinder the common wealth. 1594― tr. Machiavelli's Florentine Hist. (1595) 12 It was condescended among them, to diuide the places victored, by foure parts. 1602Segar Hon. Mil. & Civ. iii. xii. 124 Whosoeuer is defender..ought to be reputed victorious if hee be not victored. 1624A. Holland Inquis. agst. Paper Persecutors 3 All the Pamphlets and the Toyes Which I haue seene in hands of Victoring Boyes. 1683J. Gadbury in Wharton's Wks. Pref., Where the Noble and Valiant Sir Jacob Ashley was unfortunately victor'd, and taken Prisoner. |