| 释义 |
vigilance|ˈvɪdʒɪləns|
Also 7 -ence.
[a. F. vigilance (= Sp. and Pg. vigilancia, It. vigilanza), or ad. L. vigilantia: see next and -ance.]
1. a. The quality or character of being vigilant; watchfulness against danger or any action on the part of others; alertness or closeness of observation. committee of vigilance (U.S.) = vigilance committee.
1570Levins Manip. 22 Vigilance, vigilantia. 1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 14 In regard of which enormities, it behooved parents to represse and bridle their wilde and untamed affections with great care and vigilance. 1610Shakes. Temp. iii. iii. 15 For now they are oppress'd with trauaile, they Will not, nor cannot vse such vigilance As when they are fresh. 1656in Nicholas Papers (Camden) III. 261 Y⊇ discouery and preuention of his designes is attributed to y⊇ vigilance of Monke. 1713Steele Guardian No. 18 ⁋3 A Soldier's [profession]..should put him upon this religious Vigilance. 1748Anson's Voy. ii. xi. 253 Thus we kept up our hopes, and did not abate of our vigilance. 1781Jefferson Corr. Wks. 1859 I. 284 His vigilance has..supplied the want of force in preventing the enemy from crossing the river. 1837H. Martineau Society in Amer. II. 139 He was brought to trial by the Committee of Vigilance; seven elders of the presbyterian church of Nashville being among his judges. 1841Elphinstone Hist. Ind. I. 45 The King is to provide for his safety by vigilance, and a state of preparation. 1857J. W. Gihon Geary & Kansas 35 A committee of vigilance..was appointed, whose duty it was to observe and report all such persons [i.e. abolitionists]. 1875Helps Soc. Press. iii. 40 Does not this one fact show what constant vigilance it requires to preserve the public health in a large city.
†b. A guard or watch. Obs.—1
1667Milton P.L. iv. 580 In at this Gate none pass The vigilance here plac't.
2. The state of being awake; spec. in Path., abnormal wakefulness, inability to sleep, insomnia.
1748Hartley Observ. Man i. i. §3. 92 That moderate Degree of Contraction..which is observable in all the Muscles..during Vigilance. 1777Priestley Matt. & Spir. I. iv. 36 That imperfect manner [of thinking] which we call dreaming, and which is nothing more than an approach to a state of vigilance. 1858Mayne Expos. Lex., Pervigilium,..disinclination to sleep; watching; vigilance. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 25 The probability of its occurrence is still further increased if, in addition to a continuously high temperature, unusual restlessness or vigilance be present.
3. attrib., as vigilance committee (U.S.), a self-appointed committee for the maintenance of justice and order in an imperfectly organized community; hence, vigilance man, vigilance work.
1858New York Tribune 30 Sept. (Bartlett), As gross a violation of justice as vigilance committee or lynching mob was ever guilty of. 1871Morley Crit. Misc. I. 357 Whether the resource of the strongest be the thunders of Sinai or the rope of the Vigilance Committee. 1885W. A. Coote in Life J. B. Paton (1914) xii. 211 The ordinary phases of vigilance work had failed to arouse their enthusiasm. 1892Gunter Miss Dividends (1893) 84 They..had organized a Vigilance Committee before they built the town of Hamilton. Ibid. 85 The best citizens of these places were Vigilance men. |