| 释义 |
▪ I. vigour, n.|ˈvɪgə(r)|
Forms: 4– vigour, 4–5 vigoure, 4–6 vygour, 6 vygure, vygueur, vigeur, 7 viger; 5 vigore, 6 vygor, 4–8, 9– U.S. vigor.
[a. AF. vigur, vigour, OF. vigor (vigheur, etc.; later and mod.F. vigueur, = Pr., Sp., Pg. vigor, It. vigore), ad. L. vigōr-, vigor liveliness, activity, force, f. vigēre to be lively, to thrive, flourish, etc. In some instances directly ad. L. vigor.]
1. Active physical strength as an attribute or quality of living things; active force or power; activity or energy of body or constitution.
a. In persons, animals, or their limbs.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 971 Inwyth not a fote, To strech in þe strete þou has no vygour, Bot þou wer clene withouten mote. c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 845, I seye this entente That right as god spirit of vigour sente To hem, and saued hem out of meschance, So sente he myght and vigour to Custance. c1400Sowdone Bab. 2738 There was no man durst hem assayle, For drede of here vigour. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop v. xii, Thenne the dogge toke strengthe and vygour ageyne. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 256 b, Bycause [he] wolde shewe hym selfe more than man, he wolde, after that all his blode was shed, reserue in hym vygour and vertue of lyfe. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. iii. 308 As motion and long during action tyres The sinnowy vigour of the trauailer. 1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 259 His naturall strength or vigor was not abated. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 436 Now we find this our Empyreal forme..Inperishable, and though peirc'd with wound, Soon closing, and by native vigour heal'd. 1680–90Temple Ess., Health & Long Life Wks. 1720 I. 278 That the Natives and Inhabitants of hilly and barren Countries have not only more Health in general, but also more Vigour than those of the Plains. 1717Prior Alma ii. 128 Thus He who runs or dances, begs The equal Vigor of Two Legs. 1775Harris Philos. Arrangem. (1841) 289 Health and sickness, vigour and decay, are all to be found..in each individual of the human race. 1783Crabbe Village ii. 132 When Honour lov'd and gave thee every charm, Fire to thy eye and vigour to thy arm. 1832Tennyson Œnone 158 So that my vigour, wedded to thy blood, Shall strike within thy pulses. 1841Lane Arab. Nts. I. 113 And this is the cause that prevents the return of vigour to my body. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 276 The Muskellunge, Esox nobilior, is the rival of the Pike in size and vigor.
transf.1501in Dunbar's Poems (S.T.S.) lxxxviii. 19 London, thou art the flour of Cities all;..Strong Troy in vigour and in strenuytie.
†b. Freq. in ME. verse in the adverbial phrase with (..) vigour. Also in pl. Obs.
13..K. Alis. 1431 (Linc.), Boþe wiþ coyntise, and wiþ vigour, He wan of þat lond þe honour. 13..Coer de L. 1936 And ever men bare them up with levours, And slew them with great vigours. c1380Sir Ferumb. 2322 Now habbeþ þes frensche lordes stoute conquered þe stronge tour, And habbeþ a-slawe & dryuen oute þe Sarsynz with vygour. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 13330 The vanwardis met with gret hidoure, Thei rod to-gedur with gret vigoure.
c. In plants or vegetable growths.
1604E. G[rimstone] D'Acosta's Hist. Indies iv. iii. 209 Nature is contented to give them vigour to bring forth fruites. 1664Evelyn Sylva xxix. 90 It should be in this status, vigour and perfection of Trees, that a Felling should be celebrated. 1706London & Wise Retir'd Gard. I. 181 That the Branches for Wood may not shoot out with so much Vigour. 1731P. Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Vitis, The Vines..must be annually dress'd, according to the Vigour of the Plant. 1807J. E. Smith Phys. Bot. 33 The more vigour there is in a tree,..the sooner is its alburnum made perfect wood. 1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 470 In order..to equalise the production of fruit, and maintain a sufficient degree of vigour in the vines. 1856Stanley Sinai & Pal. vii. (ed. 3) 286 The tropical temperature, calling out into almost unnatural vigour whatever vegetation receives the life-giving touch of its waters.
d. Const. of (life, etc.). Sometimes with implication of next. Also fig.
1602Marston Antonio's Rev. iii. i, Before I touch The banks of rest, my ghost shall visite her. Thou vigor of my youth, iuyce of my loue, Seize on reuenge. 1736Butler Anal. i. i. Wks. 1874 I. 29 These surely prove even greater vigour of life than bodily strength does. 1874Green Short Hist. v. §1. 212 The vigour of English life showed itself socially in the wide extension of commerce.
2. Mental or moral strength, force, or energy; activity, animation, or liveliness of the mind or the faculties.
1587W. Fowler Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 22 In his youthe at that tyme when the senses hes most force and vigeur. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 197, I considered, that those kindes of gaining onely required strength of body, whereas this and the like required also vigor of minde. 1677Temple Ess., Gout Wks. 1720 I. 135 The vigour of the Mind decays with that of the Body. 1748Gray Alliance 11 Those kindly cares, That health and vigour to the soul impart. 1777Robertson Hist. Amer. vi. Wks. 1851 V. 584 A race of men..in their bodily constitution, as well as vigour of spirit, nearly resembling the warlike tribes in North America. 1823J. Gillies tr. Aristotle's Rhet. ii. xiv. 308 The mind retains its utmost vigour to forty-nine. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge ii, Leaving their hearts and spirits young and in full vigour. 1856Sir B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. I. i. 6 He had lost none of his intellectual vigour.
3. Active force or strength as an attribute of things, natural agencies, conditions, or qualities; intensity of effect or operation.
a1445Gascoign Life St. Bridget in Kal. Leg. England (Pynson) 125 Nat dredying the vigour of the colde nor the impedyment of the great hete. 1534–5More Treat. Sacrament (1576) 61 Although we beleeue it, yet is that beliefe in many of vs very faint & farre fro the point of suche vigour and strength, as would God it had. 1554W. Prat Africa C viij b, Moystnes shed by nyght and by the vygueur of the sonne. 1590Shakes. Com. Err. iv. iv. 81 My bones beares witnesse, That since haue felt the vigor of his rage. 1632Lithgow Trav. vi. 293 The vigour of the day gone, and the cooling night come, we aduanced. 1638Bp. Wilkins New World xiv. (1707) 119 The Loadstone does cast forth its own Vigour round about its Body. 1653W. Ramesey Astrologie Restored 72 Moreover a Planet that is hot and dry, is lessened of his vigour in a term that is cold and moyst. 1789W. Buchan Dom. Med. (1790) 243 If at the turn of the disease the fever assumes new vigour,..the patient must be bled. 1798Ferriar Illustr. Sterne i. 12 They had seen absurdity in its full vigour. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola xliv, Her enthusiasm was continually stirred to fresh vigour by the influence of Savonarola. 1880Ruskin Arrows of Chace i. xii, The crystalline vigour of a truth.
b. Of drugs, medicaments, wine, etc.
1542Boorde Dyetary xx. (1870) 280 Borage..doth set a man in temporaunce. And so doth buglosse, for he is taken of more vygor, & strength, & effycacye. 1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 43/1 This salve must be præpared before you annoynct your heade, and it continueth in his vigor two yeares after other. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. v. 68 And with a sodaine vigour it doth posset And curd..The thin and wholsome blood. 1664Evelyn Pomona xxix, It is a laudable way of trying the vigour of Cider by its promptness to burn.
c. Of words, arguments, etc.
1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 813/2 Some thinges yet shal I shew you..in thys laste booke besyde, that shal haue such vygour and strength therin, that [etc.]. 1581G. Pettie Guazzo's Civ. Conv. ii. (1586) 57 It is certaine that a sentence hath so much the more or lesse force and vigor, according to the difference of persons from whom it commeth, and of the words by which it is uttered. 1596Edward III, i. i. 44 The fiery vigor of thy words.
d. As an artistic or literary quality.
1774Mitford Ess. Harmony Lang. 135 Vigor is added by the rapid flow of the short syllables. 1849Ruskin Sev. Lamps iii. §23. 91 The relative majesty of buildings depends more on the weight and vigour of their masses, than on any other attribute of their design. 1873E. Spon Workshop Receipts Ser. i. 255/1 If..the whole picture is wanting in vigour and contrast, it is caused by over-exposure. 1896H. Holiday Stained Glass i. 24 The painter has..to repeat the two matt processes till he has obtained the necessary vigour and depth in his work.
4. Legal or binding force; validity. in vigour, in force or operation.
1425Rolls of Parlt. IV. 277/1 But þat neverþeles þappointement stand in al thyngs unhirte, and in his vigor and strengthe. 1455Ibid. 329/2 That the saide Lettres Patentes be..in alsuch force, vigore and effect. 1644Milton Judgm. Bucer xxii. 6 Neither did she know the vigor of the Gospel, wherin all cause of marying is debarr'd from women, while their husbands live. 1654Bramhall Just Vind. i. (1661) 4 Secondly,..in abandoning the Court of Rome they make not any new Law, but onely declare and restore the old Law of the Land to its former Vigour. 1678Sir G. Mackenzie Crim. Laws Scot. i. xxiv. §2 (1699) 120 Then the former Act..was in vigour, and so the Lords could not restrict the annualrents to six [per cent], against an expresse Law. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. vii. II. 201 The Five Mile Act and the Conventicle Act were in full vigour.
5. Strong or energetic action, esp. in administration or government; the power, exercise, or use of this, esp. as possessed by or as an attribute of a ruler or governor.
Freq. implying some degree of severity or rigour.
c1618Moryson Itin. iv. iii. iii. 279 The Cantons of Sweitzerland,..by inviolable observation of theire leagues, constantly governed theire Commonwealth in the old viger. 1712Spect. No. 467 ⁋9 Never failing to exert himself with Vigour and Resolution in the Service of his Prince. 1741C. Middleton Cicero I. iv. 234 The vigor of his Consulship had raised such a zeal and union of all the honest in the defense of the laws. a1781R. Watson Philip III, ii. (1783) 143 When they reflected on the vigour and great abilities he had exerted during this campaign. 1830D'Israeli Chas. I, III. v. 64 The Star Chamber..was invested with a vigour beyond the laws. 1844Kinglake Eothen xiii, The slaying of the guide was of course easy enough, and would look like an act of what politicians call ‘vigour’. 1874Green Short Hist. vii. §4. 375 The issue of the Scotch war revealed suddenly to Europe the vigour of Elizabeth.
b. In wider use: Force, heartiness, energy.
1908[Miss E. Fowler] Betw. Trent & Ancholme 365 It was sung..with much vigour by the congregation.
6. The condition or state of greatest strength or activity, esp. in the life of a man; spec. in Med., the height or acme of a disease.
1563T. Gale Enchirid. 35 b (Stanf.), There is another excellent plaster which Galene vseth in the Vigour of an inflammation. 1588Kyd Househ. Philos. Wks. (1901) 244 They are in the vigor of their yeeres when the youth of their sonnes begin to flourish. 1656J. Smith Pract. Phys. 153 [As a remedy for thirst, take] the decoction of the Roots of Sorrel, which will look like red Wine; Give drink in the vigour. 1697Bentley Phal. (1699) 78 He was then in the Vigour of his years. 1771Encycl. Brit. III. 66/2 When this disease is at its state, or vigor, all the symptoms are worse. 1798Ferriar Illustr. Sterne ii. 52 A work produced in the vigour of his fancy. 1822Lamb Elia i. Distant Correspondents, Your puns and small jests are..extremely circumscribed in their sphere of action... Their vigour is as the instant of their birth. 1841D'Israeli Amen. Lit. (1867) 544 Shakespeare, in the vigour of life, withdrew from the theatre and the metropolis. 1855Brewster Newton II. xxvii. 399 The flower of his youth, and the vigour of his manhood, were entirely devoted to science.
†7. by or in vigour of, by force of, in virtue of. Obs. rare.
1636R. Brathwait Rom. Emp. 383 Who..refused to performe homage in vigour of a cession made by Albertus the Arch-Duke. 1641Heylin Hist. Episc. ii. (1657) 366 By vigour of his Episcopall function and the Authority of his Chaire, he had power enough, to be straightway avenged of him for the same.
▪ II. vigour
southern ME. variant of figure n.
▪ III. † ˈvigour, v. Obs.—1
In 7 vigor.
[f. vigour n.]
trans. To invigorate; to inspire with vigour.
1636Feltham in Ann. Dubrensia D iij b, Nor does Apolloes harpe ere sound more high, Then when 'tis vigor'd from a Ladies eye. |