| 释义 |
industrious, a.|ɪnˈdʌstrɪəs|
[ad. L. (post-class.) industriōsus (f. industria industry: see -ous), or its Fr. repr. industrieux (1503 in Hatz.-Darm.). Cf. also L. industrius diligent.]
Characterized by industry.
†1. Characterized by or showing intelligent or skilful work; skilful, able, clever, ingenious. (Of agents, their actions, etc.). Obs.[Cf.1538Elyot Dict., Industrius, He that is wytty and actyue.] 1523[implied in industriously 1]. 1531Elyot Gov. i. xxiii, They that be called Industrious, do moste craftily and depely understande in all affaires what is expedient, and by what meanes and wayes they maye sonest exploite them. And those thinges in whome other men trauayle, a person industrious lightly and with facilitie spedeth, and fyndeth newe wayes and meanes to bring to effecte that he desireth. 1549Compl. Scot. Ep. Queen 6 Be that industreus martial act, he renforsit the toune vitht victualis. 1555Eden Decades 338 The industrious and subtyle art of partyng gold from new syluer. 1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 411 Are there many creatures although greater in substance, that yet haue such industrious & ingenious natures, as these litle beasts [bees] haue? 1595Shakes. John ii. i. 376 They gape and point At your industrious Scenes and acts of death. 1601R. Johnson Kingd. & Commw. (1603) 178 Adversitie ripeneth the looser, and maketh him warie and industrious. 1657W. Rand tr. Gassendi's Peirese II. 76 That the Ancients were so industrious, that they made no Vessel, which did not contain a set measure, and a certain weight. 1679G. R. tr. Boaystuau's Theat. World ii. 308 Another composed a compleat Ship..so industrious that a Bee might hide or cover it under his Wings. 1687Dryden Hind & P. ii. 571 Industrious of the needle and the chart, They run full sail to their Japonian mart.
2. Characterized by or showing application, endeavour, or effort; painstaking, zealous, attentive, careful. Const. in († after, of, to) some matter, to do something.
1552Huloet, Industrious, peruigil. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, I. i. 62 Heere is a deere and true industrious friend, Sir Walter Blunt, new lighted from his Horse. 1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 626/1 Industrious to seeke out the trueth of these thinges. 1608Middleton Trick to catch old one ii. i, His uncle [is] very industrious to beguile the widow and make up the match. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 51 More industrious in humane inventions, then religious devotions. 1644Milton Educ. Wks. (1847) 98/2 Those people who have at any time been most industrious after wisdom. 1659Hammond On Ps. cx. 1 Some others..are most industrious to evade it. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 116 His thoughts were low; To vice industrious, but to Nobler deeds Timorous and slothful. 1693G. Stepney in Dryden's Juvenal viii. (1697) 220 He was Industrious to be esteem'd the best Musitian of his Age. 1699Bentley Phal. Pref. 11 Considering with what industrious Malice the false Story had been spread over England. 1699Dryden To John Driden 53 Industrious of the common good. 1725Pope Odyss. viii. 82 Before his eyes the purple vest he drew, Industrious to conceal the falling dew. 1741Middleton Cicero II. viii. 176 Very industrious in recommending it. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. III. li. 116 Hollis was so industrious to continue his meritorious distress, that when one offered to bail him he would not yield.
†3. Characterized by or showing design or purpose: intentional, designed, purposed, voluntary.
1629N. Carpenter Achit. 8 It was the part of a shamelesse Cham to bee an industrious spectator of his fathers nakednesse. 1652J. Wright tr. Camus' Nature's Paradox 290 By industrious excuses (purposely invented) hee had sharpen'd the desire of his Auditours. 1654H. L'Estrange Chas. I (1655) 183 Some there are suspect this mistake to have been not involuntary but industrious in him. 1668H. More Div. Dial. (J.), The industrious perforation of the tendons of the second joints of fingers and toes, draw the tendons of the third joints through. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 90 An industrious Omission..of the Principal Point of Care. 1817G. S. Faber Eight Dissert. (1845) I. 269 His [Elijah's] industrious affectation of the wilderness.
4. Characterized by or showing assiduous and steady work; full of work; diligent, laborious, hard-working. (The prevailing sense.)
1591Spenser Muiopotmos 122 Who beeing..more industrious, gathered more store Of the fields honour than the others best. 1611Bible 1 Kings xi. 28 Solomon seeing the young man that he was industrious [marg., Heb. did worke]. 1683Robinson in Ray's Corr. (1848) 132 We have been very industrious since our coming to Paris. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 263 Soil well cultivated by the poor industrious Chilians. 1764Goldsm. Trav. 299 Industrious habits in each bosom reign. 1782Cowper Heroism 69 Yet man, laborious man, by slow degrees..Plies all the sinews of industrious toil. 1864J. Walker Faithf. Ministry 207 The most pious man ought to be the most industrious. 1892Jas. Brown Serm. 207 Industrious poverty becomes a nobler thing than idle wealth.
5. = industrial a. rare.
1825McCulloch Pol. Econ. Introd. 45 Those who are engaged in industrious undertakings. 1845― Taxation ii. v. (1852) 207 Such improvements..in the arts as will enable industrious undertakings to be carried on with a much less expenditure of fuel. |