| 释义 |
vinyl Chem.|ˈvaɪnɪl, -aɪl|
[f. L. vīn-um + -yl.]
1. The organic radical or group CH2 = CH{b1}, which is equivalent to a molecule of ethylene with one hydrogen atom removed. Usu. attrib.
1863Watts Dict. Chem. I. 675 Bromide of vinyl, C2H2 Br. 1873― Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 611 Vinyl alcohol..is produced by combining ethine or acetylene with sulphuric acid, whereby vinyl-sulphuric acid..is formed. Ibid. 612 The univalent radical vinyl..may be supposed to exist in it [vinyl alcohol].
2. a. = polyvinyl b. Freq. attrib.
1939Nature 13 May 787/2 Resins more recently developed, such as vinyl and polystyrene, are slowly making headway. 1951R. Mayer Artist's Hand-bk. Materials & Techniques iii. 152 The most promising synthetic varieties [of resin] at present are the alkyd, acrylic, and vinyl types. 1957Times 18 Nov. 11/2 An unbreakable doll of vinyl, a glamorous young lady with elegant nylon⁓clad legs, costing 9 guineas. 1962B.B.C. Handbk. 204 L.P. vinyl records giving basic pronunciation rules. 1969J. H. Stickelmeyer in W. R. R. Park Plastics Film Technol. i. 7 Development of shrink wrapping techniques..has brightened the future for vinyls. 1976P. Lively Stitch in Time viii. 98 There is paint that is non-drip and paint that is vinyl or emulsion and paint that is specially good for this, that or the other. 1982Sci. Amer. July 54/1 Most synthetic organic materials such as vinyl or polyethylene are electrically insulating.
b. spec. a covering material or fabric made of or containing polyvinyl.
1959House & Garden July 11/2 (Advt.), Dining-chairs upholstered in washable vinyl. 1970Interior Design Dec. 753/3 The walls are papered with a pale grey vinyl. 1978S. Brill Teamsters vii. 263 The inside of the tractor..was lined along the doors, the seats, and the dashboard in brown vinyl.
c. As the material of which gramophone records are made (so piece of vinyl). Also, a record. colloq.
1976New Musical Express 31 July 27/1 A trio of knock out vinyl magnum opi, the like of which are not often to be heard on our sound systems. 1976Zigzag Apr. 26/1 This is as depressing a piece of vinyl as I've listened to in many a full moon. 1977Ripped & Torn vi. 6/2, I had rushed home, clutching this piece of shiny vinyl to my chest. 1980Musicians Only 26 Apr. 12/3 He can continually judge the results on vinyl. 1984Sounds 1 Dec. 24/2 When that song..was released at the beginning of this month as the band's first single, the Immaculate Fools proved they could cut it equally well on vinyl.
3. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 2), vinyl-coated, vinyl-covered, vinyl-faced, vinyl-surfaced adjs.; (sense 1) vinyl acetate, a colourless liquid ester, CH2CH·O·CO·CH3, used in the production of polyvinyl acetate and other commercially important polymers; vinyl chloride, a colourless toxic gas, CH2CHCl, used in the production of polyvinyl chloride and other commercially important polymers; vinyl resin, any resin (resin n. 3) that is composed of polyvinyl compounds.
[1902Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXXII. i. 256 Sodium vinyl⁓acetate is much less soluble in alcohol than sodium crotonate.] 1915Chem. Abstr. IX. 2156 By acting with chem. rays on vinyl esters (vinyl acetate or vinyl chloracetate) solid masses are obtained..which..serve as a substitute for celluloid and like substances. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VIII. 104/2 In addition to its conversion to polyvinyl acetate, vinyl acetate undergoes similar reactions with many other compounds.
1872Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XXV. 891 Vinyl chloride undergoes a change by the action of sunlight, producing an isomeride. 1933[see polyvinyl chloride s.v. polyvinyl a]. 1978N.Y. Times 30 Mar. a15/1 Fifty of the train's 116 cars left the tracks..and a tanker loaded with highly toxic vinyl chloride exploded soon afterward.
1967Jane's Surface Skimmer Systems 1967–68 47/1 The structure is decked in vinyl⁓coated nylon fabric, which is also used for the skirt. 1970A. Ross Manchester Thing 148 Two vinyl-covered kitchen chairs. 1977‘E. Crispin’ Glimpses of Moon i. 11 The furniture was all modern, from the oak counter..to the green glass-topped tables and the matching vinyl-covered chairs.
1960Times 29 Nov. 2/4 Felt-backed vinyl-faced..flooring.
1934W. Davis Adv. of Sci. xiii. 141 The great versatility of the vinyl resins was strikingly demonstrated in a house which the Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation erected. 1942Gettens & Stout Painting Materials 3 Chemically, they [sc. polyacrylic resins] are closely related to the vinyl resins. 1943Electronic Engin. XVI. 216/3 The variation of dielectric properties with plasticiser content is examined for the vinyl resins. 1983Which? Oct. 453/1 These are water-thinned paints usually based on vinyl resins.
1978Morecambe Guardian 14 Mar. 6/6 Washable gloss paint and vinyl-surfaced wall coverings are immensely childproof. |