| 释义 |
virulence|ˈvɪrjʊləns|
[ad. L. vīrulentia: see next and -ence. So OF. and F. virulence.]
1. Extreme acrimony or bitterness of temper or speech; violent malignity or rancour.
1663Jer. Taylor Fun. Serm. Bramhall Wks. 1831 IV. vii. 75 It was also such honor, that it is greater than the virulence of tongues, which his worthiness and their envy had armed against him. 1696Tate & Brady Ps. cxl. 3 Their sharpen'd Tongue the Serpent's sting In Virulence exceeds. 1728Young Love Fame vi. 150 Our virulence is thrown On others' fame, thro' fondness for our own. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) I. iv. 28 My sister, who had treated Mr. Lovelace with virulence, came into me and insulted me as fast as I recovered. 1796Bp. Watson Apol. Bible 322, I have been frequently shocked at the virulence of your zeal. 1838Dickens Nich. Nick. xxi, The ill will of Miss Knag had lost nothing of its virulence. 1867Smiles Huguenots Eng. xi. (1880) 194 The persecution..was carried on with increased virulence, until resistance almost disappeared.
b. An instance of this.
a1774Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 295 The leaders, however they may sometimes encourage these virulences to serve a turn, do not enter into the same sentiments themselves.
2. The property or quality of being physically virulent or full of virus; extreme poisonousness or venomousness; malignity or violence (of disease).
1748Anson's Voy. i. x. 106 A general dejection prevailed amongst us, which added much to the virulence of the disease. 1789W. Buchan Dom. Med. (1790) 519, I have frequently known the disease return with all its virulence after a course of goat-whey. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 48 The wind is salubrious, stopping infection, and removing the virulence of distemper. 1834M. Somerville Connex. Phys. Sci. xxvii. 283 Venomous snakes..decrease..in the virulence of their poison with decrease of temperature. 1878H. M. Stanley Dark Cont. II. xii. 361 The itch disease was rabid;..about a dozen of the men were fearful objects of its virulence.
attrib.1896Allbutt's Syst. Med. I. 721 Whether..the virulence test is satisfactory and exclusive is a doubtful matter. |