| 释义 |
▪ I. infringe, v.1|ɪnˈfrɪndʒ|
Also 6 enfring, infrynge, 6–7 infring.
[ad. L. infring-ĕre to break, injure, damage, make void, f. in- (in-2) + frangĕre to break.]
†1. trans. To break, shatter (rare in physical sense); to break down, crush, destroy; to foil, defeat, frustrate; to cancel, invalidate. Obs.
1543Grafton Contn. Harding 465 Y⊇ duke..woulde haue maried lady Mary..which mariage y⊇ kyng did infringe & stoppe. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 219 She..did all that she could to infringe the determinacion of the said Universities and clergie. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 1016 How the Turkes were to be resisted, and their attempts infringed. 1621G. Sandys Ovid's Met. xii. (1626) 249 [He] trotting in a round, Infring'd the aire with this disdainefull sound. 1632Quarles Div. Fancies vii. (1660) 5 It is a potent Science that infringes Strong Prison doors; and heaves them from their hinges. 1637R. Humfrey tr. St. Ambrose Pref., The three-fold cable is not easily infringed. 1671Milton P.R. i. 62 If so we can, and by the head Broken be not intended all our power To be infring'd.
2. To commit a breach or infraction of (a law, obligation, right, etc.); to violate or break (an oath, pledge, treaty, etc.); to transgress, contravene.
1533in Gross Gild Merch. II. 73 Whatsooewer brothir or brethir attempte to infring or breke this sayde lawe. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII 22 And least..the Damosell..woulde not consent too hym for offending her conscience and infringyng her promes. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. iii. 144 Ioue for your Loue would infringe an oath. 1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. ii. §69 The undoubted Fundamental priviledge of the Commons in Parliament, that all Supplies should have their rise and beginning from Them..had never been infringed, or violated, or so much as questioned. 1715–20Pope Iliad iv. 94 The proud Trojans first infringe the peace. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. vi. 88 The crime [coining] itself is made a species of high treason; as being a breach of allegiance, by infringing the king's prerogative. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India III. 7 The editor..having infringed the regulations to which the press had been subjected by the Government. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xiii. III. 287 Those privileges of the people which the Stuarts had illegally infringed. 1898Westm. Gaz. 4 May 9/3 With regard to the second alleged infringing tyre..the judge held that it infringed neither the Welch nor the Clincher patent.
†3. To refute; to contradict, deny. Obs.
1590Swinburne Testaments 264 This conclusion, that the later dooth infringe the former, is diuersly enlarged. 1601–2W. Fulbecke 1st Pt. Parall. 65 This may suffice to infringe that which you haue deliuered. 1660H. More Myst. Godl. v. xvii. 200 Nor do those Expressions..at all infringe the Truth we have declared.
†4. To break the force or diminish the strength of; to weaken, enfeeble, impair; to mitigate. Obs.
1604R. Cawdrey Table Alph., Infringe,..to make weake, or feeble. 1620Venner Via Recta viii. 171 They doe..oppresse a weake stomacke, and infringe the naturall heat. 1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. xiv. 481 Such [medicines] as concentrate and infringe Acids, such as..Corals, Chalk. 1694Salmon Bate's Disp. (1715) 533/2 It will yet much more infringe the corrosive Quality of the remaining Acid Spirits.
5. intr. To break in or encroach on or upon.
1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) III. 51 Judges..are yet intimidated from infringing, by any sentence, on the laws and constitution of these realms. 1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) I. 147 They did not infringe upon this boundary for some time. 1774Jefferson Autobiog. App. Wks. 1859 I. 141 Let no act be passed by any one legislature, which may infringe on the rights and liberties of another. 1868Farrar Silence & V. viii. (1875) 137 Never let pleasure infringe on the domain of duty.
Hence inˈfringed ppl. a.; inˈfringing vbl. n. and ppl. a.
c1555Harpsfield Divorce Hen. VIII (Camden) 146 This case..nothing tendeth to the infringing of any honour or service. 1771Goldsm. Hist. Eng. I. 370 The subject of his infringed pretensions. 1897Daily News 3 Nov. 2/1 The Incandescent Gas Light Company has spent enormous sums..in proceedings against unscrupulous dealers and importers of infringing mantles. 1898Daily Chron. 14 Oct. 5/3 Let there be no talk to us of infringed rights.
▪ II. † inˈfringe, v.2 Obs. rare—0.
[in-2.]
trans. To furnish with a fringe.
1598Florio, Infrangiare, to infringe, or decke with fringe. |