| 释义 |
▪ I. † inˈjure, n. Chiefly Sc. Obs.
Also 5–6 injur, 6 -juir (-gure).
[a. F. injure (1266 in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. injūria.]
By-form of injury.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 969 (1018) O Auctor of nature, Is þis an honour to þi deite, That folk vngiltyf suffren here Iniure. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Baptista 980 Þai..went to þe emperoure, to plenȝe apone þare fader Iniure. c1450Holland Howlat 921 All the fowlis..plenȝeit to Natur Of this intollerable injur. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxiii. 38 Be just and joyws and do to non ingure. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. i. 101 Thay ar persuadet that..slauchtir and sik iniures be the lawe of God [be] forbidne. Ibid. vi. 339 marg., He remittis the iniuir done against him.
▪ II. injure, v.|ˈɪndʒə(r)|
[Back-formation from injury n.; cf. rare OF. injurer (13th c. in Godef.). It displaced the earlier verb injury between 1580 and 1640.]
1. trans. To do injustice or wrong to (a person); to wrong.
1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iii. i. 71, I do protest I neuer iniur'd thee. 1594― Rich. III, i. iii. 56 When haue I iniur'd thee? when done thee wrong? 1609B. Jonson Case is Altered i. ii, I injure him In being thus cold-conceited of his faith. 1611Bible Gal. iv. 12, I am as ye are, ye haue not iniured me at all. 1693Creech in Dryden's Juvenal xiii. (1697) 334 Exalted Socrates! Divinely brave! Injur'd He fell, and dying He forgave. 1718Freethinker No. 59 ⁋14 The Wretch, guilty of such Baseness, injures Himself, more than Thee. 1868Bain Ment. & Mor. Sc. Ethics ii. (1875) 494 Can one be injured voluntarily? It seems not, for what a man consents to is not injury. Nor can a person injure himself.
†2. To do outrage to (a person) in speech; to speak injuriously to or of; to insult, revile, abuse, slander offensively. Obs.
1583Leg. Bp. St. Androis 257 in Satir. Poems Reform. xlv, He was stubburne in his talk; Iniurit the elders. 1603Florio Montaigne i. xxx. (1632) 105 These prisoners..outragiously defie and injure them [their keepers]. 1653Urquhart Rabelais i. xxv, The Bun-sellers or Cake-bakers..did injure them most outragiously, calling them pratling gablers, lickorous gluttons.
3. To do hurt or harm to; to inflict damage or detriment upon; to hurt, harm, damage; to impair in any way.
1586A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 140 That she..can become therein more forcible, or lesse injured. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. iii. v. 9, I would not be thy executioner, I flye thee for I would not iniure thee. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. (1848) 379 You must not suffer your charity too much to injure your judgment. 1667Milton P.L. x. 1057 Least Cold Or Heat should injure us, his timely care Hath unbesaught provided. 1771Junius Lett. lviii 302, I shuld be sorry to injure the character of a man. 1793A. Seward Lett. (1811) III. 232, I am afraid they will injure their healths. 1859[see injury n. 3]. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xxii. 159 He had..injured himself in crossing the Gemmi. 1879G. C. Harlan Eyesight ii. 22 When the eyeball..is injured by the fist, it is always by a blow aimed from beneath.
absol.a1699Temple (J.), They injure by chance in a crowd, and without a design; then hate always whom they have once injured.
b. intr. (for refl.) To become injured, to receive injury.
1848Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. IX. i. 22 The hay being found to injure more rapidly after it has been opened.
Hence ˈinjuring vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1651Hobbes Govt. & Soc. iii. §4. 38 An injury can be done to no man but him with whom we enter Covenant..and therefore damaging and injuring are often disjoyn'd. 1877Furnivall Introd. Leopold Shakspere 91 So injured friend forgiving meets injuring friend forgiven. |