| 释义 |
▪ I. vizard, n. and a. Now arch.|ˈvɪzəd|
Forms: α. 6 vysard(e, visarde, viserde, 6–9 visard (8 Sc. vissart). β. 6 vi-, vyzarde, 6–8 vyzard, 7–8 vizzard, 6– vizard.
[Altered form of vysar, viser, vizar visor by confusion of ending: see -ard.]
1. A mask; = visor n. 2.
Very common from c 1560 to c 1700. Also † case of vizards.
α1558in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 95, i dozen of viserdes with shorte berdes. 1579Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 38 Not the carued visarde of a lewde woman, but the incarnate vysage of a lasciuious wantonne. 1600Dekker Fortunatus Wks. 1873 I. 104 She [Vice] and others wearing gilded visards. a1668R. Lassels Voy. Italy (1698) I. 93 In Modena are made the best visards for masquerades. 1718Free-thinker No. 80. 179 The Fairy applied an enchanted Visard to her Face.
β1558in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 12 Warderobe stuffe, vizardes, heare. 1572Ibid. 183 For ffoyle for vyzardes & ffawchins. 1588Kyd Househ. Phil. Wks. (1901) 256 Artificiall Oyles, and dawbings..for vizards, pageants, and poppets. 1601B. Jonson Poetaster v. iii, Gag him: And put a case of vizards o're his head. 1655Stanley Hist. Philos. iii. (1687) 91/2 Some wild young Men..lay in wait for him, attired like furies, with vizards and torches. 1692Washington tr. Milton's Def. Pop. M.'s Wks. 1738 I. 456 He complains that Executioners in Vizards (personati Carnifices) cut off the King's Head. 1711Steele Spect. No. 32 ⁋3 Wits were privileged to wear what Masks they pleased in all Ages; and..a Vizard had been the constant Crown of their Labours. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) III. 151 Let me see what you have got under that vizard of yours. 1821Scott Kenilw. xxiv, A little diminutive urchin, wearing a vizard with a couple of sprouting horns. 1851Thackeray Eng. Hum. iii. (1858) 115 A gentleman on a grey mare, with a black vizard on his face.
b. transf. or fig.
1621G. Sandys Ovid's Met. iv. (1626) 83 The silent Virgin..modestly had made A visard of her hands. 1632Lithgow Trav. iii. 81 When the welkin had put aside the vizard of the night. a1680Butler Rem. (1759) I. 177 A Beard is but the Vizard of a Face. 1682Wheler Journ. Greece v. 356 It was hard to conjecture what their Natural Complexion was, by reason of the thick Vizard of Paint they had on. c1715Ramsay Vision ii, The Thunder crakt, and Flauchts did rift, Frae the blak vissart of the lift. 1827Carlyle Misc. Ess., Richter (1840) I. 18 All Nature is gone forth mumming in the strangest guises. Yet the anarchy is not without its purpose: these vizards are not mere hollow masks.
†c. A mask as used to protect the face or eyes.
1614Raleigh Hist. World i. 176 They vsed to wear a vizard of defence, with one sight in the middle to serue both eyes. 1669Pepys Diary 25 June, I to my office,..to write down my journal..and did it, with the help of my vizard, and tube fixed to it, and do find it mighty manageable, but how helpful to my eyes this trial will show me.
2. fig. or in fig. context. = visor n. 3.
Very common from c 1560 to c 1700. The various types of context are illustrated by the different groups of quotations.
(a)1572Tindale's Wks., Sacraments 442/1 The hypocrites that haue put a visard [ed. c 1550 visare] on the face of the law. 1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. i. 66 Vice putteth on a vizard, and goeth disguised and covered with goodly shewes that belong onely to vertue. 1653H. More Def. Moral Cabbala iii. heading, That..it is only the halting and hypocrisie of men that generally have put so soure and sad a vizard upon it [i.e. Religion]. a1680Butler Rem. (1759) I. 71 For those..Wore Vizards of Hypocrisy, to steal And slink away, in Masquerade, to Hell. 1833G. S. Faber Recapit. Apostasy p. x, Popery, whatever vizard the theological Proteus may wear,..is still..a form of recapitulated Roman apostasy.
(b)a1555Philpot in Strype Eccl. Mem. (1721) III. App. xlviii. 155 Put off your shameles vyzards, O ye unbelevyng Arrians. a1569A. Kingsmill Conflict w. Satan (1578) 27 We will bring him to the tryall particularly that we may plucke of his maske and vysarde. 1629H. Burton Truth's Triumph Pref., We haue assayed to pull off Romes vizard. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 93 What are they but the Scum of the people, take off their Visards, and underneath appeare Wicked Jewes,..&c. 1682Sir T. Browne Chr. Mor. iii. §20 Men are glad to pull of their Vizards, and resume themselves again.
(c)1579Gosson Sch. Abuse (Arb.) 74 Trueth can neuer be Falsehoods Visarde. 1633G. Herbert Temple, Ch. Militant 185 He took fine vizards to conceal his crimes. 1653A. Wilson Jas. I 70 A sober and fair outside, the true vizard of Hypocrisie. 1680H. More Apocal. Apoc. 349 The participation of the promised Spirit of Christ, without which all Religion is but a mere Mask or dead Vizard. 1704Swift T. Tub xi, He would make use of no other vizard than a long prayer.
(d)1589R. Harvey Pl. Perc. (1860) 11 For all that fatherly countenance and graue vizard which sometimes thou vsest to plead the cause of thy Reformation vnder. 1607R. C[arew] tr. Estienne's World of Wonders 67 The impietie that lay masked vnder this vizard. 1656W. Howard in Clarendon Hist. Reb. xv. §121 Having long since, by peeping a little..under the vizzard of the Impostor, got such glimpses, though but imperfect ones, of his ugly face. 1678Marvell Def. J. Howe (Grosart) 141 To outlaw Mr. Howe..from all Protestant protection, is to represent him under a Popish Vizard.
(e)1567Jewel Def. Apol. 4 But who they be, that..with a painted Visarde, or emptie name of the Churche, haue feared al the cattel of the fielde, it is needelesse to speake it.
b. = visor n. 3 b.
1562Cooper Answ. Priv. Masse (1850) 170 That by this means your doctrine..might have a face or vizard of antiquity. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 316 Those things which put on a pretended shewe and visard of felicitie. 1612Woodall Surg. Mate Pref., Wks. (1653) 10 Whereby every unworthy ignorant impostor (as under a vizzard of hidden skill) made use of the art of Surgery. 1636Featly Clavis Myst. xxiv. 314 Heresie and schism have the vizard, but not the face of holinesse. 1684J. Renwick in Biogr. Presbyt. (1827) II. 263 Another Sort of Folk cover over their Pride with a Vizard of Humility. 1725Watts Logic Introd. 3 So Knavery puts on the Face of Justice, Hypocrisy and Superstition wear the Vizard of Piety. 1743E. Erskine Serm. Wks. (1871) III. 91 It has put on the name and vizard of Presbyterian. 1855Motley Dutch Rep. iv. v. (1906) III. 55 The Spaniards seemed to cast off even the vizard of humanity.
†3. In depreciatory use: A face or countenance suggestive of a mask. Obs.
1568T. Howell Arb. Amitie (1879) 58 With hatefull hawtie haunt not, For dainefull vizards daunt not. 1603Breton Packet Mad Lett. Wks. (Grosart) II. 12 For my Fan, it keepes me sometimes from the sight of such a vizard as your good face. a1625Fletcher Custom of Country i. i. This little beauty you are pleased to honour Will be so chang'd, so alter'd to an uglinesse To such a vizard, ten to one, I dye too.
†4. A phantasm or spectre. Obs.—1
a1591H. Smith Seven Godly Serm. vi. 229 If thou thinkest that it is such a mans bodie which thou seest, look in y⊇ graue..and there thou shalt see the body where it was laid, euen while this visard walkes in thy sight.
†5. A person wearing a visor or mask; spec. a woman of loose character wearing a mask in public, a prostitute. Obs. (Cf. vizard-mask 2.)
1652H. Bell Luther's Colloq. 283 For the world cannot live without such vizards and shrove-tide-fools. 1660Trial Regic. 164 Afterwards I saw the Vizards going into a Chamber there. 1676G. Etherege Man of Mode i. i, This business of yours Dorimant has been With a Vizard at the Play-house. 1719D'Urfey Pills (1872) II. 75 Or if you find me with a vizard prattle Do you the same with any other man.
†6. = visor n. 1. Obs. rare.
1704Swift Batt. Bks. Misc. (1711) 252 The Stranger desir'd a Parley; and lifting up the Vizard of his Helmet, a Face..appeared [etc.]. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ., Paris, Helmets which had lost their vizards.
†b. Bot. (See quot.) Obs.—1
c1789Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) III. 446/2 Galea-ringentis, the vizard or upper lip of a ringent corolla.
7. attrib. and Comb., as vizard bead, vizard-maker, vizard-making, vizard-manufacture, vizard-monger, vizard vice; vizard-faced, vizard-like adjs.
1573in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 218 The vyzard-maker John Owgle for xiiii Beardes. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, i. iv. 117 But that thy Face is Vizard-like, vnchanging, Made impudent with vse of euill deedes. 1615R. Brathwait Strappado (1878) 4 Bacchus cares not for outward signes a rush, Good wine needs not the hanging of a bush. Dost not thou vizzard-fac't ingratefull Elfe? 1650B. Discolliminium 47 My Recreations [are]..Metamorphosing and Vizard-making. 1678Butler Hud. iii. i. 1012 Strive who shall be..the most genteelly bred At sucking of a Vizard Bead. 1682Sir T. Browne Chr. Mor. ii. §7 The old Philosophers and great pretenders unto Virtue, who well declining the gaping Vices of Intemperance, [etc.]..were envious, malicious, contemners,..and stufft with Vizard Vices. 1684Otway Atheist v. i, A Way to revenge my self on that Vizard-monger. 1856R. A. Vaughan Mystics (1860) II. 116 [Loyola's] order..claimed and merited the monopoly of the vizard manufacture.
▪ II. vizard
obs. or dial. form of wizard.
▪ III. ˈvizard, v. Now rare.
Also 7 visard.
[f. the n.]
†1. trans. To conceal or disguise (something) under a false outward show or appearance; to represent falsely or speciously. Obs.
1628Prynne Brief Survay 48 Their dangerous and infectious plague-soares, which are onely vizarded and palliated, not clothed nor warmed with the sacred Robes. 1631Weever Anc. Funeral Mon. 51 Cloakes to hide their knauery, and beards to visard their hypocrisie. 1660Shirley Andromana iv. vii, Plangus who hath vizarded his ends With vertue.
2. To cover or disguise (the face, etc.) with or as with a vizard or visor; to mask.
c1609Webster Appius & Virginia v. iii, See these Monsters, whose fronts the fair Virginias innocent blood hath visarded with such black ugliness, that they are loath⁓some to all good mens souls. 1662Hibbert Body Divinity i. 279 Jobs comforters..vizarding themselves under the cloke of amity. a1669H. Foulis Hist. Rom. Treasons (1681) 255 They vizarded their members and meetings. 1872Clark Russell Repr. Actors (Chandos) p. xiii, Women mockingly vizarded themselves to conceal the only blushes their cheeks could exhibit—that of the paint-pot.
Hence ˈvizarding vbl. n., the action of disguising with or as with a vizard; also concr., that which serves as a vizard or disguise.
1609Ev. Woman in Hum. v. i. in Bullen O. Pl. IV, Now for the cunning vizarding of them and tis done. 1694Crowne Married Beau i. i, I'm angry with 'em for their vizarding. 1861J. Murray Songs Covenant Times 77 Skulking from cot to cot, from cave to cave,..In quaint disguise and vizarding uncouth They shunned pursuit. |