| 释义 |
▪ I. amice1|ˈæmɪs|
Forms: 4 amyse, 6 amis(e, ames, amyss(e, amys(e, amias, ammess, amyce, 6– amice.
[Earlier amyt, amite, a. OFr. amit:—L. amict-us. The form amyse, amice, is not satisfactorily accounted for; the s may be due to an early confusion of amyte with the next word (OFr. aumusse); to a med.L. amicia (see Ducange) ? for amitia, f. OFr. amit; or to one of the OFr. forms (Burguy has ‘amit, amict, amis,’ Littré ‘amist’). Wyclif translates amictus once amyt, once amys, but has also amyt for capitium ‘hood,’ where the sense seems to be aumusse, amice2, showing already a confusion between the two words. In Caxton, and the 18th c. writers, we find amict.]
†1. gen. A cloth for wrapping round, a scarf, handkerchief, or other loose wrap. Obs.
1382Wyclif Isa. xxii. 17 As an amyse, so he shal vnderreren thee [1388 As a cloth so he shal reise thee; Vulg. Quasi amictum sic sublevabit te].
2. Eccl. An oblong piece of white linen, used in the Western Church in conjunction with the alb, originally enveloping the head and neck, now generally folded so as to lie round the neck and shoulders: often taken to symbolize ‘the helmet of salvation’.
1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 1557, 641/2 He would haue the peple pull the priest from the aulter, and y⊇ amis from his head. Ibid. 390/1 What signifyeth the albe, the ames, and stole, and so forth. 1533Tindale Answ. More Wks. III. 73 The amice on the head is the kerchief that Christ was blindfolded with..now it may well signify that he that putteth it on is blinded, and hath professed to lead us after him in darkness. 1536Reg. Riches in Antiq. Sarisb. 197 Divers Stoles and Fannons, some wanting an Ammess. 1539Bk. Cerem. in Strype Eccl. Mem. I. App. cix. 285 First he putteth on the amyss, which as touching the mystery, signifieth the vail..And therfore he putteth that upon his head first. 1552–3Inv. Ch. Goods Staff. 12, Iij albes, and ij ameses. Ibid. 48 One vestement of grene lynen clothe, with albe and amysse. 1558Bp. Watson 7 Sacr. xiii. 76 As the Jewes dyd fyrst couer Chrystes face..so hath the Priest in memorye of that, an Amise put vpon his head. a1564Becon Displ. Pop. Mass (1844) 259 Ye first put on upon your head an head-piece, called an amice, to keep your brains in temper, as I think. 1570B. Googe Pop. Kingd. (1880) 9 b, And then his amias and his albe. 1815Scott Ld. of Isles ii. xxiii, His wither'd cheek and amice white. 1847W. Maskell Mon. Rit. Eccl. Angl. III. 25 For its ancient purpose it was a covering for the head; a square piece of linen embroidered..upon one edge..But at that time..as now by the clergy of the church of Rome, the amice was only placed for an instant upon the top of the head, and then lowered upon the shoulders, to be left there, and adjusted round the neck. So that the use of it became merely symbolical. 1856J. H. Newman Callista 262 The neck was bare, the amice being as yet unknown.
†3. Used to render the Roman toga. Obs.
1600Holland Livy xxxiv. vii. 858 k, Shall we put on our rich amyces and copes [prætextati]?
4. Used loosely of other garments.
1641Milton Animadv. (1851) 244 We have heard of Aaron and his linnen Amice, but those dayes are past. 1727Pope Dunciad iv. 549 On some a priest [i.e. the cook], succinct in amice white, Attends: all flesh is nothing in his sight.
▪ II. amice2|ˈæmɪs|
Forms: 5 amisse, 6 ammes, ammas, ammys, ames, amys, am(m)esse, 6–7 amis(e, 7 amysse, 6, 9 amos, 6– amice.
[ad. OFr. aumuce, aumusse (Pr. almussa, med.L. almussa, almussia, almucia, almucium, Sp. almucio, Pg. mursa, It. mozzetta dim. of mozza), of doubtful origin, but generally taken as ad. Ger. mutse, mütze, cap (Sc. mutch), with Arab. article al- prefixed, as in some other non-Arabic technical words. The earliest examples in Eng. show confusion with the prec. word, the likeness between the Eng. adaptations of Fr. aumusse and amit, being assisted by the apparent similarity of use between the two articles; and from the 17th c. this has been distinguished from the prec., only as the grey amice.]
1. An article of costume of the religious orders, made of, or lined with grey fur. It varied at different times in character and mode of wearing, being orignally (it is said) a cap or covering for the head; afterwards a hood, or cape with a hood; in later times a mere college ‘hood’ or badge, borne by canons in France on the left arm.
c1430Lydg. Bochas (1554) 222 Al my riches may me nought disport Amisse of gris..a surples and prebende. 1509Barclay Ship of Fooles (1570) 256 Hange vp the scapler, the ames coule and frocke. 1523Skelton Garl. Laurell, Those wordes his grace dyd saye Of an ammas gray. 1527in Pocock Rec. Ref. I. xxvi. 54 Four of the doctors prebendaries..in coppes and grey amys. 1530Palsgr. 194/1 Ammys for a channon, aumusse. 1541Lanc. Wills (1857) I. 127 An old grey amesse and a rochet xs. 1556Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 94, Iiij. prebenttes..in ther grey amos. Ibid. 94 Their gray ammes. Ibid. 59 Alle the gray ammesse..in Powlles ware put downe. 1564Wills & Inv. N.C. (1835) 219 My gownes, my surpless, my ij furred amysis. 1587Holinshed Chron. III. 1184/2 The prebendaries and petie canons commanded to weare no more their graie amises. 1634Canne Necess. Separ. (1849) 103 The gray amice, and other popish garments. 1671Milton P.R. iv. 427 Morning fair Came forth with Pilgrim steps in amice gray. 1803Scott Last Minstr. ii. xix, A palmer's amice wrapped him round With a wrought Spanish baldric bound. 1868Marriott Vest. Chr. 228 Of similar origin is the Amess, often confused with the Amice.
†2. The fur of the marten or grey squirrel with which the amice was lined or bordered. Obs.
1548Hall Chron. 513 Bleu damask purfeled with ames grey. 1573Art of Limming 3 You shall with a pencell made of graye amys or calliber tailes laye on thy syse. 1598Stow Surv. (ed. Strype 1754) II. v. viii. 255/1 Those Knights that have borne the office of the Mayoralty ought to have their Cloaks furred with grey Amis. |