| 释义 |
instrumentation|ˌɪnstruːmɛnˈteɪʃən|
[a. F. instrumentation (1835 in Dict. Acad.), f. instrumenter: see instrument v. and -ation.]
1. a. Mus. The composition or arrangement of music for instruments, esp. for an orchestra (usually with reference to the art or skill shown by the composer in adapting the parts to the various instruments); orchestration.
1845E. Holmes Mozart 222 The cantatas..possess not only all the dignity of Gluck, but an instrumentation far more brilliant and spirited. 1875Ouseley Mus. Form ii. 4 To supply the harmonies, the counterpoints, and even the Instrumentation. 1880W. S. Rockstro in Grove Dict. Mus. II. 567 The most prominent characteristics of good Instrumentation are (I.) Solidity of Structure, (II.) Breadth of Tone, (III.) Boldness of Contrast, (IV.) Variety of Colouring.
¶b. Erroneously used for: Performance of instrumental music; playing on instruments (with reference to style).
1856Ruskin Mod. Paint. IV. v. xix. §6 note, Finished instrumentation by an adequate number of performers, exquisite acting, and sweetest singing, might be secured..at a fourth part of the cost. 1893Yorksh. Post 14 Dec. 8/2 The choruses were admirably sung..The instrumentation was excellent.
2. The use of a scientific, surgical, or other instrument; operation with an instrument.
1874Van Buren Dis. Genit. Org. 34 The first principle of instrumentation in the urethra is to avoid the use of force. 1881Nature No. 622. 516/2 Intensely black diffraction rings round each, and several fainter ones, fewer as the quality of instrumentation is raised. 1884D. G. Mitchell Bound Together, Highways & Parks 248 Something more is needed than the Engineer, stiff with his instrumentation and his equations and his economies of line.
3. Operation, or provision, of instruments or means; instrumental agency, instrumentality.
1858Bushnell Nat. & Supernat. iv. (1864) 91 Having nature as their field and the tool-house of their instrumentations. Ibid. xii. 376 Otherwise we have no sufficient instrumentation, for our human use or handling of so great a fact. 1883D. C. Murray Hearts III. 140 If I am caught, whether by your instrumentation or not, I shall tell what I know.
4. The design, construction, and provision of instruments for measurement, control, etc.; the state of being equipped with or controlled by instruments; also, such instruments collectively. orig. U.S.
1931Instruments Jan. 11 Mr. Schroeder's book..fills an even greater need than that filled by our industrial instrumentation manual. 1932M. F. Béhar Man. Instrumentation I. p. xi, I confidently predict the early recognition of Instrumentation as a distinct branch of engineering and as a distinct field of scientific management. 1944Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. XLVIII. 153 The paper..emphasised quite clearly that instrumentation was coming more and more to the fore in the testing of aircraft. 1949[see instrument v. 3]. 1952[see automatize v. 2]. 1958Engineering 28 Mar. 387/2 As the age of automation develops it is bound to bring with it increased instrumentation and increased efforts to measure both more rapidly and more accurately by systems of remote control. 1959Daily Tel. 13 Mar. 15/6 The instrumentation on the ground and in the missile recorded the flight satisfactorily. 1959Instrument Pract. XIII. 195/1 In America we find a marked trend towards the instrumentation of a variety of physico-chemical estimations, such as phosphate and sulphur assays. 1963B. Fozard Instrumentation Nucl. Reactors xiii. 157 Instrumentation of a nuclear power reactor is commonly undertaken on a very large scale. 1973Physics Bull. May 273/3 Josephson's work..has sparked off very fruitful developments in the instrumentation field, leading for example to highly sensitive voltage detectors. |