| 释义 |
▪ I. intent, n.|ɪnˈtɛnt|
Forms: 3–6 entent, entente, (5 ententte); 4–6 intente, (7 intentt), 3– intent.
[ME. had two forms: (1) entent, intent, a. OF. entent intention, application:—L. intent-us a stretching out, in late L. attention, intention, f. intent-, ppl. stem of intendĕre to intend; (2) entente, intente, a. OF. entente intention, thought, desire, purpose, etc.:—pop.L. *intenta n. from fem. of intentus pa. pple. (analogous to ns. in -ata, etc.), from same vb. In ME. entent appears to be more frequent, and entente disappears before 1500; but in the pl. ententes, the two forms were indistinguishable, and it is not possible to separate them in sense. The form with in- is rare before 1400, while en- is rarely found after 1550. They were equally common c 1500.]
1. The act or fact of intending or purposing; intention, purpose (formed in the mind). Formerly also, in more general sense, Will, inclination; that which is willed, pleasure, desire (cf. 4). Now chiefly in legal phraseology, and in the expressions with intent to (hurt, etc.), with good or malicious intent, etc.
a1225Ancr. R. 386 Haue, in al þet tu dest, on of þeos two ententes, oðer bo togederes. a1300Cursor M. 2636 Agar..ham til hir lauedi went And serued hir wit god entent. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Bertholomeus 279, I ame redy, lo, to fulfill al þine entent, & sacrify to þi mawnment. c1400Destr. Troy 11364, I haue takon intent þo traitours to sle. c1460Play Sacram. 120 My curat waytheth vpon me to knowe myn entent. 1526Tindale Heb. iv. 12 And iudgeth the thoughtes and the intentes off the herte. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) 31 We maie advise hym, to continue in his good entent. 1570T. Norton tr. Nowel's Catech. (Parker Soc.) 204 Men ought not to be beneficial and liberal, of intent to get thanks. 1660Trial Regic. 9 In the case of the King; His life was so precious, that the Intent was Treason by the Common Law. a1716South Twelve Serm. (1744) II. 112 It was Josephus's intent by this device to slubber over the massacre of these innocents. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. iii. 35 The bare intent to commit treason is many times actual treason. 1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) VI. 496 In a will, the intent and meaning of the devisor was to be observed, and the law would make construction of the words to satisfy his intent. 1843James Forest Days ii, They were rushing upon the old peasant with no very merciful intent. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 142 He who wounds with intent to kill..shall be tried as if he had succeeded. 1896Duke of Argyll Philos. Belief 408 Christian ethics..insists on a purity enthroned in the thoughts and intents of the heart. 1897Daily News 13 Feb. 4/6 Sent to five years' penal servitude for wounding a man with intent.
†b. Design, plan, project, scheme. Obs.
c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 49 In swich place as thoughte hem auantage ffor hire entente they take hir herbergage. c1400Sowdone Bab. 625 Isres in his fals ententes Purposed treson and sorowe. 1513More in Grafton Chron. (1568) II. 795 To propose their entent of which they would to none other person any part disclose. 1665Manley Grotius' Low C. Warres 103 Subtle in the managing of the Intents of that Noble and great-spirited Young-man. 1830James Darnley xxxviii, The nobles joining in his intent, showered their largess upon their retainers.
†2. Attention, heed; intent observation. Obs.
c1320R. Brunne Medit. 43 Take gode entent How petyr and iohne from hym he sent. c1400tr. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh. (E.E.T.S.) 105 Þe Iew wolde noght loke aȝeyn, no gyf entent to his sawes. c1477Caxton Jason 12 He behelde her with grete entente. c1570Pride & Lowl. (1841) 9 And it beheld with full and whole intent. 1704Steele Lying Lover ii. (1747) 40 Betty, do you see with what Intent..Penelope gazes yonder?
†3. Intent or assiduous effort, endeavour. Obs.
a1340Hampole Psalter xvi. 7 Wiþ stalworth entent i adressid my prayere til þe. c1374Chaucer Anel. & Arc. 28 The peple blisful al and somme..him to honouren dide al her intent. a1450Le Morte Arth. 3691 To please god Alle that I maye I shalle here-After do myne entente. 1483Cath. Angl. 197/1 An Intente,..opera.
†4. Mind, or an act of the mind; understanding; the mental faculties generally; frame of mind, will, spirit; perception, judgement; what is in the mind, notion, opinion, or thought of any kind. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 365 (Gött.) Þe world i calle wid min ententis Þe mater of foure elementis. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Egipciane 121 Quhene gudmen suld to faste begyne, of syne to clenge þare entent. c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 824 She taketh in good entente The wyl of Crist. 1390Gower Conf. III. 150 Her dethe and his living She chose with all her hole entent. 1420in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. iii. I. 68 Vp on the beste wyse that we cowde deuyse aftir owr simple ententes. c1470Henry Wallace i. 370 Sic fantasye fell in his entent. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge i. 7, I..cast in myne intent How I myght spende the tyme conuenyent. 1623Lisle ælfric on O. & N. Test. Pref. 5 Hereby grew..the second error..worse (to their intent) then the first.
†5. Meaning; import; purport. Obs.
1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne Prol. 174 To turne it fro þat speche away In to laten..Þat þe Inglis mot know þe entente. Ibid. 976 Of þys tale ys alle þe entent To kepe weyl þe commaundement. 1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 8 So obscure derke and diffuse that the true entent of the makers therof cannot perfitely be undrestond. 1572Forrest Theophilus 347 in Anglia VII, The some and entent of hys hole requeste. a1676Hale Contempl. ii. 57 It is more Large and Spacious than the intent of the Text bears.
†b. Law = intendment 4. Obs.
1574tr. Littleton's Tenures 17 b, Hee that shall haue the lande..shall haue the same lande after the Entent of the surrender. 1608W. Bradshaw Unreason. Separ. 26 What obedience doe they promise to the Prelates in the intent of the Law, but onely in things that they shall judge honest and Lawfull. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. 476 They not being goods, wares, or merchandize, within the intent of the statute, by which a profit may be fairly made.
6. An end purposed; the object of an action, etc.; aim, purpose. rare or Obs. exc. as in c.
c1340Hampole Prose Tr. 10 Ffor þat entent anely [þay] are for to lowte. 1375Barbour Bruce iii. 206 Thai come weill till thar entent. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. Prol. 78 That nys nothyng the entent of myn labour. c1440Jacob's Well (E.E.T.S.) 79 Whanne..þe ende & þe entent is, for to don þerby ony dedly synne, þanne is þat desyre..dedly synne. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. cxl. 167 He thought by their meanes the soner to come to his entent. 1655Culpepper, etc. Riverius xv. iii. 412 Juyce of the Knot-grass may be used to the same intent. 1754Chatham Lett. Nephew iv. 22, I highly recommend the end and intent of Pythagoras's injunction. 1863Kinglake Crimea (1876) I. iv. 60 Some outward and visible figure or sign to which the multitude could point as the symbol of its great intent.
†b. In phrases, as to what intent, to that intent, for this intent, etc. Esp. in the conjunctional phrase to († for) the intent (that): to the end (that), in order (that). Obs.
1390Gower Conf. I. 180 [He] axeth hem to what entente Thei have here ferste feith forsake. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 161 Y wolde that the tyme were come ayen to that entent to encrece the worship of alle goode. c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. ix. (1885) 130 But this is writun only to the entent, þat it be wel vnderstande, how [etc.]. 1470–85Malory Arthur ii. xvii, I did it to this entent that it sholde better thy courage. 1513More Rich. III (1883) 7 [He] forethought to be king..And thei deme, that for thys intente, he was gladde of his brothers death. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. clx. 195 To the entent they somwhat to-breke and to-opyn the archers. 1526Tindale John xiii. 28 That wist noo man at the table for what intent he spake vnto hym. 1569J. Rogers Gl. Godly Loue (1876) 179 To the intente that they two may dwell together. 1611Bible John xi. 15 To the intent yee may beleeue. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 24 To the intent that I might give some light, for the better deciding [etc.].
c. to (for) all intents and purposes (less usually to all intents): in regard to any end or object, for all practical purposes, ‘practically’.
1546Act 37 Hen. VIII, c. 9 §1 To all intents, constructions, and purposes. 1555Ridley Wks. (Parker Soc.) 19, I would know, whether that Christ's words, spoken upon the cup, were not as mighty in work, and as effectual in signification, to all intents, constructions, and purposes (as our Parliament men do speak), as they were, spoken upon the bread? 1629Strafford Let. in Slingsby's Diary (1836) 321 Your self [being] as formerly vice president to all intentts. 1709Addison Tatler No. 96 ⁋2 Whoever resides in the World without having any Business in it..is to me a Dead Man to all Intents and Purposes. 1856Ruskin Mod. Paint. IV. v. xiii. §5 The materials are so hardened and knit together that to all intents and purposes they form one solid mass. 1879M. Arnold Ess., Porro unum 162 The rest of the nation consists, for all intents and purposes, of one immense class.
†7. The subject or theme to be treated in an argument or discourse. Obs.
c1460Play Sacram. 6 We be ful purposed wt hart & wt thowght Off oure mater to tell y⊇ entent. 1594J. Dickenson Arisbas (1878) 41 Leauing this digression, I will returne to the proposed entent of my discourse. 1638F. Junius Paint. of Ancients 198 It is better wee should pursue our intent, by comparing that carefull diligence of the ancients [etc.]. 1670E. Borlase Lathom Spaw 45 From whence this Patient received so much benefit: But to our intent.
†b. Sc. Law. A cause in litigation. Obs.
c1575Balfour's Practicks (1754) 373 Efter that the partie has chosin ane certain nombre of witnessis for preiving of his intent he may not..desire ony ma nor thame allanerlie quhom he has chosin.
▪ II. intent, a.|ɪnˈtɛnt|
[ad. L. intent-us bent on (something), strained, attentive, earnest, eager, pa. pple. of intendĕre to intend; cf. OF. intent intended, attentive, assiduous.
Intent and intense are etymologically doublets, intentus and intensus being two forms of the L. pple.; but already in L. intensus was (like the simple tensus) more restricted to the physical sense ‘stretched, strained’, hence ‘intense, violent’, while intentus was extended to the notion of ‘mentally or nervously on the stretch, intent, eager, attentive’. In the modern langs. this differentiation has been made more complete. So with intention, intension.]
1. Having the mind strenuously bent upon something; earnestly attentive, sedulously occupied, eager, assiduous; bent, resolved.
a. Const. on, upon; formerly to (at) or inf.
1610Hymne in Farr S.P. Jas. I (1848) 28 How intent our prayers to heare. 1654–66Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 15 If I endeavoured to preserve a life she is so intent to destroy. 1660R. Coke Power & Subj. 37 The third are..always intent upon robbery. 1661Bramhall Just Vind. iv. 87 The Court of Rome so potent, so prudent, so vigilant, so intent to their own advantage. 1674tr. Scheffer's Lapland 107 Women in the absence of men, are very intent for some weeks at catching fish. 1764Goldsm. Trav. 329 Intent on high designs, a thoughtful band. 1866Kingsley Herew. i, They had met him riding along, intent upon his psalter. 1888J. Inglis Tent Life Tigerland 345 Intent on securing what seemed to be a good head of horns.
b. Without const.
1704Pope Windsor For. 138 The patient fisher takes his silent stand, Intent, his angle trembling in his hand. 1835Lytton Rienzi x. viii, He stood, with folded arms, musing and intent.
Comb.1899Westm. Gaz. 19 Oct. 1/3 An alert, very intent-looking man.
2. Of the faculties, looks, etc.: Directed with strained or keen attention; earnest, eager, keen; intense. Const. on, upon († to).
1606L. Bryskett Civ. Life 276 The Intellective soule..being once freed from the bodie..is altogether bent and intent to contemplation. 1709Steele Tatler No. 38 ⁋11 The intent Application with which he pursues Trifles. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters II. 199 The eye is intent upon watching the changes. 1830D'Israeli Chas. I, III. vi. 79 So intent was his elegant mind on those treasures of literature and art. 1849C. Brontë Shirley ii. 20 His eyes are large..their expression is intent and meditative.
†3. Intensely active. Opposed to remiss. Obs.
1650Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. (ed. 2) 312 The streams from either side..arise or fall according to the motion in those parts, and the intent or remisse operation of the first exciting causes.
▪ III. † inˈtent, v. Obs.
Also 3–6 en-.
[In branch I, ME. a. OF. entente-r to intend, attempt (14th c. in Godef.), ad. L. intentāre to stretch out towards, direct, threaten with, attack, accuse, freq. of intendĕre to intend. In sense 4, a. F. intenter (14th c.), to institute (a legal process) = med.L. intentāre lītem; in sense 5, app. directly from L. intentāre.]
I.
1. intr. To direct the mind or attention, to give heed, to attend; to be intent.
13..K. Alis. 2834 Whiles the people of the toun Ententid to Permeneon. 1475Bk. Noblesse (Roxb.) 11 [He] ententid about the defence and saufegarde of the gret cite of Acres. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. ix. (1632) 626 The King now wholly intented vpon encrease of treasure.
b. trans. To attend to.
14..Prose Leg. in Anglia VIII. 148 Ententynge þat þe apostel seiþ. c1500New Notbroune Mayd 433 in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 18 My comaundement Neuer tentente.
2. intr. and trans. To intend, purpose.
a1300Cursor M. 26793 Sli[k] penance mai ha na f[r]o, Man dos intent at eft misdo. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye 77 To aske therby all thynges that he entented shulde be asked therby. 1494Fabyan Chron. iv. lxviii. 46 He expulsed..his fader Herculeus Maxymyanus yt ententyd agayne to haue been Emperoure. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. ccxxxv. 331 To lerne what their enemyes entented. 1577–87Holinshed Scot. Chron. (1805) I. 196 Donald..had understanding what these outlawes intented.
3. trans. To make an attempt on; to try to seize.
c1400Sowdone Bab. 550 Ferumbras than gan to assaye, If he myght that praye entente.
II.
4. trans. To institute (a legal action). Sc.
15..Acts Sederunt 6 (Jam.) The saidis Lordis declaris that the samen sal not prejudge ony persone..of thair lawful defences..aganis ony actioun to be intentit heireftir at his Majesties instance. 1673–4Lauderdale Papers, He heard that she hade given orders to intent a law suit against him. 1737J. Chamberlayne St. Gt. Brit. ii. ii. iv. 376 (Scotland), The Lord Advocate..intents no Processes of Treason, except by Warrant of Privy-Council.
5. To accuse.
b. To level (an accusation). rare.
1613W. Browne Brit. Past. Pref. Verses (N.), They were her errors, whilst she intented Browne. 1695J. Sage Article Wks. 1895 I. 389 The accusation was intented against the Queen. |