| 释义 |
▪ I. warfare, n.|ˈwɔːfɛə(r)|
Forms: see war n.1; also 6 -far, 6–7 Sc. -fair.
[f. war n.1 + fare n.1]
A going to war (cf. b); the action of carrying on, or engaging in, war; the act or state of conflict; military life or service.
1456Sir G. Haye Law Arms (S.T.S.) 114 Out of his lordis land suld pas nouthir hors na men till othir contree in armes na werefare. c1514Barclay Eglog iii. (1570) B vj b, For nought is in warfar saue care and misery. 1611Bible 1 Sam. xxviii. 1 The Philistines gathered their armies together for warfare. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxviii. 166 The most common Souldier, may demand the due wages of his warrefare, as a debt. 1841J. F. Cooper Deerslayer vii, He was as yet unpractised in the ruthless expedients of savage warfare. 1900Longman's Mag. March 440 Having acquired..a brevet colonelcy in Indian frontier warfare.
†b. Phr. to go (forth) a warfare, to go to the war; also to go (etc.) on warfare, to pass (forth) in warfare (Sc.); to send a warfare. Also a warfare, in the field (= L. militiae). Obs.
In these phrases a is a prep.1, but is often mistaken for the indef. article.
1483Cely Papers (Camden) 144 Richard Awrey..ȝede forthe a warfare in a schypp of hys owne. 1526Tindale 1 Cor. ix. 7 Who goeth a warfare [τίς στρατεύεται] eny tyme att his awne cost? 1533Bellenden Livy (S.T.S.) I. 94 Þir ȝoung men war ordanit to be reddy to pas in werefare aganis þare Inemyis. a1533Ld. Berners Golden Bk. M. Aurel. (1546) K iv, Torquate her housband was in Asie a warre fare. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 201 b, Alexander hauing taken a viage on warrefare into Asia. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. 24 He whiche had maried a wyfe, the same yeare shoulde not be forced to go on warrefaire. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 270 b, Not only at home, but in the campe also, and a warfare. 1571Golding Calvin on Ps. xliv. 1. 170 Rather yt we should go a warfare under the crosse. 1574Hellowes Gueuara's Fam. Ep. (1577) 88 What iniurie doth the Prince to the Captaine that sendes him a warrefare, if he makes him sure to haue the victorie?
c. transf. and fig.
1549E. Allen Jude's Par. Rev. vii. 9–12 So long as they remayne in the warrefare of this transitorye lyfe. 1657Penit. Conf. 348 Nor can there in this spiritual warfare be better weapons than prayers and tears. 1735Pope Ep. Lady 118 Who, with herself, or others, from her birth Finds all her life one warfare upon earth. 1807–8W. Irving Salmag. (1824) 291 All the various artillery of fashionable warfare. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 194 They are most skilful in legal warfare.
▪ II. † ˈwarfare, v. Obs.
[f. prec. n.]
intr. To wage war; to take part in war; to serve in the field. Also fig.
1565Stapleton tr. Bede's Hist. iii. xviii. 94 Wherein having, with much devotion, warfared a longe time to God. 1567Painter Pal. Pleas. Concl., Euery sort and sexe that warfare in the fielde of humaine life. 1569Sanford tr. Agrippa's Van. Artes xxiii. 40 Yet with these shippes we make them muche more daungerous, robbing and warrefairinge in them, no otherwise then we do in the maine lande. 1598Florio, Militare, to warrefarre, to follow the warres. 1652Gaule Magastrom. 369 A certaine Germane warfaring in Italy.
Hence † ˈwarˌfarer, a warrior. ˈwarˌfaring vbl. n.
1591J. Eliot tr. B. de Loque's Disc. Warre 31 Thus much for the rules of warfarers. 1598R. Bernard tr. Terence, Heaut. Argt., Menedemus..forced his sonne Clinia..to goe a warrefaring. 1656Earl of Monmouth tr. Boccalini's Advts. fr. Parnass. i. xxxv. (1674) 44 His indiscreet way of warfaring in Asia. 1840Carlyle Heroes ii. (1858) 232 During these wild warfarings and strugglings. 1876Morris Sigurd iii. (1877) 196 The Burg of the Niblung people and the heart of their warfaring. |