| 释义 |
warm-up
[f. the vbl. phr. to warm up: see warm v. 3, 9, and 11.]
1. = warm n.1
1878Mrs. Stowe Poganuc People 156 A knot of the talkers were gathered round the stove, having a final talk and warm-up. 1960H. Pinter Room in Birthday Party 112 Thank you for the warm-up, Mrs. Hudd. I feel better now. 1974J. Aiken Midnight is Place ix. 257 'Tis a poor lad half drownded—can tha..give him a bit of a roob-down an' a warm-oop?
2. Warmth, the quality of exciting or stimulating. rare.
1883‘Mark Twain’ Life on Mississippi iii. 52 The song didn't seem to have much warm-up to it, somehow.
3. a. The act or process of ‘warming up’ for a contest, etc., by light exercise or practice. See sense 9 c of the vb.
1915Baseball Mag. Dec. 116/2 Alex, after a short warm-up, vanished from the foreground. 1949Shurr & Yocom Mod. Dance iii. 31 The transition is used only when use of next warm-up is desired. 1951Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xvi. 68 Some horses run better after a stiff warm up, others just tire. 1975New Yorker 28 Apr. 32/1 Her second serve was good, was well returned by Jill, and then was driven by Sylvia to Jill's backhand in a way that left her frozen, as it had in the warmup. 1984Times 22 Sept. 3/3 Warm-ups should be taken slowly, as sweating does not mean that muscles are sufficiently stretched for exercises.
b. transf. and fig.
1943Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 18 Aug. 1/8 Allied guns boomed in a duel with heavy Axis batteries across the Messina Strait today in a warm-up against the European fortress. 1945Sun (Baltimore) 11 July 9-0/6 Polynesian was running in the Shevlin as a ‘warm-up’ for Saturday's $50,000 Dwyer. 1958Times 17 Oct. 20/1 It was a slow warm-up that Keenan could scarcely afford. 1976D. Heffron Crusty Crossed xiv. 101 A party in the afternoon, a kind of warm-up to the night's dark devilry.
c. attrib.
1943Sun (Baltimore) 22 May 1/7 The bombing of Nauru, Tarawa and other islands in the central Pacific, were warmup attacks. 1945Ibid. 12 Mar. 7-0/2 One of Mexico's leading matadors..sharpens his skill with a ‘warm-up’ workout..an hour before a..performance. 1958[see house n.1 4 h]. 1968C. Drummond Death & Leaping Ladies v. 120 They arrived at Mexico City to play a warm-up match. 1978L. Pryor Viper (1979) viii. 152 The field of cars was allowed one warm-up lap.
4. The act or process of raising the temperature of an engine, electrical appliance, etc., to a level high enough for efficient working. Also attrib. See sense 9 d of the vb.
1945Sun (Baltimore) 18 May 1/6 Massed after on the flight deck, engines roaring for the warmup,..were more planes. 1956H. Kurnitz Invasion of Privacy ii. 17 There was an even, monotonous thud emanating from the machine now—the warm-up period. 1958Spectator 1 Aug. 167/2 That infuriating warm-up time necessary for many TV sets. 1966P. O'Donnell Sabre-Tooth xx. 270 The Dove began to taxi forward... He wished there had been a few minutes grace for a warm-up before taking off. 1975Physics Bull. Dec. 550/1 The detector has a warm-up time of 10 s. 1978Dumfries Courier 13 Oct. 11/2 Another refinement the picture tube designers have incorporated is a really quick warm-up which..eliminates that infuriating delay when switching on late for an important programme. 1984B. Francis AA Car Duffer's Guide 63/1 Modern water-cooled systems incorporate a thermostat to give a quick warm-up.
5. a. The ‘warming up’ of an audience into a receptive mood, esp. before a broadcast programme is recorded or transmitted. See sense 2 b of the vb.
1958New Statesman 15 Mar. 333/1 So that spontaneity shall not degenerate into chaos, the programme is preceded by a half-hour closed-circuit ‘warm-up’, in which those taking part get to know each others' names and voices. 1970Guardian 14 Feb. 8/4 For this particular show there is an audience..and they arrive at 7.30 p.m. and are given a ‘warm-up’ to get them in the mood for the show. 1983Oxford Diocesan Mag. Aug. 10/2 For pre⁓service warm-ups, say—a [tape or record of a] full orchestra playing Beethoven's Fifth for Harvest Festival, [etc.].
b. attrib., esp. as warm-up man.
1959R. G. Stern in N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 319 There was no warm-up session except thirty seconds of irrelevant talk which we used for volume control. 1966Observer 30 Oct. 23/4 The warm-up man (an assistant producer) jumps on to the platform. 1974P. de Vries Glory of Hummingbird xii. 159 Falconer regaling..spectators..with some intendedly relaxing ‘warmup’ chatter. 1979S. Brett Comedian Dies xvi. 149 The audience..were greeted by..a little-known comedian who had been booked for the occasion as a warm-up man.
6. U.S.
a. A garment designed to keep the wearer warm.
b. One worn during light exercise or practice; a track suit or track-suit top.
1949Sun (Baltimore) 22 Sept. 7/1 (Advt.), Make a friend of Jack Frost in smart warm-ups! 1969Sears Catal. Spring/Summer 35/1 Sweatshirt warm-ups fit sizes 2 to 6x. 1983W. Safire in N.Y. Times Mag. 12 June 22/2 Exercise classes of the 1950's, where one wore sweat suits; these are now workouts with warm-ups.
c. attrib. and Comb. warm-up suit, a track suit. (Cf. also sense 3 c above.)
1945Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 9 Jan. 16 When winter comes..it's time for warm-up clothes. 1972N.Y. Times 3 Nov. 44/5 (Advt.), Stretch pants, warm-up pants, skisuits. 1975New Yorker 28 Apr. 31/1 She was wearing a pastel-blue warmup suit over her tennis dress. 1984New Yorker 1 Oct. 30/1 Mr. Sims..wore a Nike cap, a crisp tan warmup suit. |