| 释义 |
isosteric, a.|aɪsəʊˈstɛrɪk|
[f. as prec. + -ic.]
1. Having equal atomic volumes.
1865–72Watts Dict. Chem. III. 432 If bodies of equal atomic volume be denominated isosteric.
2. Indicating equal specific volume.
1900V. Bjerknes in U.S. Dept. Agric. Monthly Weather Rev. XXVIII. 436/1 This distribution can be expressed with the help of surfaces of equal specific volume, or isosteric surfaces. 1934D. Brunt Physical & Dynamical Meteorol. viii. 166 Any isosteric surface is also isopycnic. 1957G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. v. 263 When isosteric surfaces or surfaces of equal density or specific volume do not correspond to the equigeopotential or level surfaces, a current must be flowing.
3. Physical Chem. Of a heat of adsorption: corresponding to a constant amount of adsorbed material as the pressure and temperature vary (equilibrium being maintained).
1918Proc. R. Soc. Edin. XXXVIII. 31 Freundlich..considers an ‘isosteric’ heat of adsorption where α [= number of mols. of gas adsorbed per grm. adsorbent, adsorbing at p, T] is constant, p and T variables... But it is difficult to see how we can have an isosteric heat of adsorption per mol. adsorbed, for under the defined conditions nothing is adsorbed. We have merely a readjustment of p and T. 1933D. J. Martin Introd. Thermodynamics for Chemists xiii. 314 The isosteric heat of adsorption is such that the amount adsorbed is kept constant while the pressure and temperature are varied. 1970Biopolymers IX. 1531 A comparison between calorimetric and isosteric heats of sorption..will indicate the degree of irreversibility of the sorption process.
4. Chem. Having the same number of valence electrons arranged in a similar manner.
1919[see isostere 2]. 1921F. H. Loring Atomic Theories xv. 134 Methane is isosteric with the ammonium ion. 1938Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LX. 2628/1 In a few cases, isosteric compounds are interchangeable in serological reactions. 1971Arch. Biochem. & Biophysics CXLIII. 252 These overall studies support the concept that the 1,4-cyclohexadienyl group is an effective isosteric replacement for a phenyl group. |