| 释义 |
▪ I. issue, n.|ˈɪʃ(j)uː, ˈɪsjuː|
Forms: 4–6 issu, issew(e, isshue, (4 ysue, 4–5 yssu, Sc. ischow), 4–7 yssue, 5 yssew(e, isswe, ischewe, (isue, usshew, uschu), 6 essew(e, isshewe, ishew, ishu, ishwe, (isew, Sc. yschew, ischue, ischay), (7 essue), 4– issue.
[ME. a. OF. issue, eissue, isue, essue, uxuwe, etc. (mod.F. issue):—pop.L. *exūta n. (analogous to those in -ata, -ade) from fem. of *exūtus pa. pple., for cl.L. exitus (cf. It. escito, uscita from *exītus), from L. exīre to go out: see ish v.]
I.
1. a. The action of going, passing, or flowing out; egress, exit; power of egress or exit; outgoing, outflow.
1382Wyclif Ps. cxx[i]. 8 The Lord kepe thin entre and thi issu. 1419Surtees Misc. (1888) 14 The kynges dyke betwix Bouthumbarr and Munkbarr was so stopped, that the water myght noght hafe issue. c1460Sir R. Ros La Belle Dame 52 The wepyng teres haue so large yssewe. 1593Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1597) §161 With freedome of foggage, pastourage..free ischue and entrie. 1601Holland Pliny I. 39 The said winde within the earth..was not powerful enough to breake forth and make issue. 1673Temple Obs. United Prov. Wks. 1731 I. 44 The Maes..fell..into the Sea at the Briel, with mighty Issues of Waters. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. v. 38 The whole volume..escaped from beneath the ice at the end of the glacier, forming a fine arch at its place of issue.
†b. A sally, sortie. Obs.
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xx. 443 His bredren made an yssue vpon hym and hys folke, and slewe many of theym. 1577Holinshed Chron. II. 1195/1 Dayly were issues made out of the Citie at dyuerse gates. 1685Travestin Siege Newheusel 38 The besieged..made an issue on the East side, with a strong Body of men.
c. fig. in reference to things immaterial, or to coming out of a condition.
c1374Chaucer Troylus v. 205 His sorwes þat he spared hadde, He yaf an yssue large, and deth he cride. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 259/1 She..ordeyned her body to abyde in her bedde unto her yssue and departyng. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 33 That wherein I have given you advertisement,..had issue from a heartie good will. 1611Bible Ps. lxviii. 20 Vnto God the Lord belong the issues from death. ― Prov. iv. 23 Keepe thy heart with all diligence: for out of it are the issues of life. 1662Bk. Com. Prayer Prayer all Condit. Men, Giving them..a happy issue out of all their afflictions. 1865M. Arnold Ess. Crit. iii. 83 He [Gray] is a poetical nature repressed and without free issue.
2. Outgoing; termination, end; close.
†a. of a period of time. Obs.
1483Caxton G. de la Tour A j, As I was in a garden..as it were in thyssue of Aprylle.
b. of an action or proceeding.
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. xxiii. §6 Formal speakers, that study more about prefaces and inducements, than upon the conclusions and issues of speech. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 190 [He] gave a like issue to his life and Kingdome. 1769Robertson Chas. V, vii. Wks. 1813 III. 43 Before the negotiations at Crespy were brought to an issue.
c. of anything extended in space.
1871R. Ellis Catullus lxiv. 308 A folding robe..Fell bright-white to the feet, with a purple border of issue.
†3. Feudal Law. issues of homage, fines paid by vassals when released from the obligation of homage. Obs.
1648Art. Peace c. 7 Such Composition and Agreement which shall be made with his most Excellent Majesty for the Court of Wards, Tenures, Respits and Issues of Homage.
4. Med.
a. A discharge of blood or other matter from the body, either due to disease or produced surgically by counter-irritation.
1526Tindale Matt. ix. 20 A woman which was diseased with an issue of bloud [Wyclif, the flix or rennynge of blood] xij yeres. 1535Coverdale Lev. xv. 2 Whan a man hath a runnynge yssue from out of his flesh, y⊇ same is vncleane. 1579Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 43 Would you haue..One playster to an olde issue and a fresh wound? 1726Law Serious C. xix, If physic or issues will keep the complexion from inclining to coarse or ruddy, she thinks them well employed. 1875H. C. Wood Therap. (1879) 570 Escharotics are employed to produce ulcerations which shall be the bases of issues.
fig.1625Sanderson 12 Serm. (1637) 229 It may be they had found some ease..by an issue at the tongue or eye, in an humble confession of their sinnes, and in weeping and mourning for them with tears of repentance.
b. An incision or artificial ulcer made for the purpose of causing such a discharge.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 191 If at any time she be troubled with the Dropsie, an issue must be made under her shoulder. 1662Pepys Diary 14 June, He had a blister, or issue, upon his neck. 1800Med. Jrnl. IV. 33 Two large issues were now cut, one below each knee, the discharge from which being copious, afforded considerable relief. 1861Mrs. Carlyle Lett. III. 78 Lying there, with two issues in her back.
II.
5. a. A place or means of egress; way out; outlet.
13..K. Alis. 816 (MS. Bodl.) At þe yssue of þe doren, Tholomeus dude on his sporen. c1400Apol. Loll. 34 In þe weyes of þe temple, bi al þe issewis of þe sanctuari. c1450Merlin xx. 357 Thei com to the issu of the foreste. 1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 7/1 The wounde having two issues, the one vnder, and the other above. 1607E. Grimstone tr. Goulart's Mem. Hist. 570 At the mouth and issue of this straite. 1726Leoni Alberti's Archit. I. 18/1 The Issues for Smoke and Water ought to be as direct as possible. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 65 ⁋4 He now resolved to..try to find some issue where the wood might open into the plain. 1859Thackeray Virgin. xviii, As my Lady Castlewood..passed through one door of the saloon..my Lord Castlewood departed by another issue. 1885Stevenson Dynamiter 181 A spot whence his eye commanded the three issues of the square.
b. The point where a body of water flows out; the mouth of a river, outlet of an inland sea, etc. Also, the outflowing stream.
1375Barbour Bruce xiv. 354 This fals tratour his men had maid..The ischow [v.r. ysche] of a louch to den. 1513Douglas æneis iii. x. 80 Now eik, as thai say, Arethusa, at thi mouth or ischay It [Alpheus] enteris rynning in the Cicell se. 1601Holland Pliny I. 82 The vast and wide Ocean lying before Asia..breaketh into the maine with a small and narrow issue. 1612Brerewood Lang. & Relig. xiii. 131, I find the city of Arsaratha..placed near the issue of the river Araxes into the Caspian sea. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 513 This Sea [the Caspian] is..without any issue to other Seas. 1844Mem. Babylonian P'cess II. 66 Neither its source nor its issue is known.
†c. A sewer or sink; a privy. Obs.
1588Nottingham Rec. IV. 223 A great anoyinge to the whole stritte for lacke of an essewe. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme viii. 25 It is also a signe of Raine..if the common Issues or Priuies doe stinke more than usually.
III. 6. a. Offspring, progeny; a child or children; a descendant or descendants. Now chiefly in legal use or with reference to legal succession. † Formerly sometimes with pl. issues. (Rarely used of the young of beasts.)
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xvi. 239 Hym-self bihiȝte to me and to myne issue bothe Londe and lordship. c1450Lonelich Grail lv. 397 Of that damysele Cam forth Isswe kyng Carcelois bothe good and trewe. 1486Bk. St. Albans, Her. B ij a, If he had vshew forth vnto the fifth degree from him by right lyne of vsshew male he is a gentylman of blode. 1504Plumpton Corr. 193 As for such essew as God sendeth them, it is noe doubt but he wyll..provyd for them. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 101 b, The laste kynge of Fraunce of the heyre males of Charlemayne, was Lewys the fifte, who died without isshewe. 1614Raleigh Hist. World i. (1634) 92 There were founded by his [Noah's] Issues many great Cities. 1767Blackstone Comm. II. vii. 111 By the birth of issue, the possibility of the donor's reversion was rendered more distant and precarious. 1781W. Blane Ess. Hunting (1788) 70 How the impression of the Dog..could occasion similitude in the issue of the Bitch, and for a continuance of years, after the Dog's death, nobody but the Doctor is capable of defending. 1850H. Martineau Hist. Peace II. v. ix. 344 No issue from this marriage survived. 1871R. Ellis Catullus lxiv. 324 Rich Aemathia's arm, great sire of a goodlier issue.
fig.c1420? Hoccleve Piteous Compl. Soul 50, I am adred that charite is deed,..Withowt[en] eyre or issue of hire seed. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 222 b, Issues and sproughts of Religiones never planted by god. 1679Dryden Tr. & Cr. Prol. 19 Weak, short-liv'd issues of a feeble Age; Scarce living to be christened on the Stage! 1704Swift Batt. Bks. Misc. (1711) 222 Lust and Avarice; which, tho'..Brethren or collateral Branches of Pride, are certainly the Issues of Want.
†b. A race, stock, breed, brood; also fig. Obs.
1620T. Granger Div. Logike 40 Deucalion cast stones over his shoulders, from whence we are sprung, an hard issue. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 221 Though the Cambrian issue in the new found world may seeme extinct, the Language..points at our Madocs former being there. 1680Allen Peace & Unity Pref. 79 The numerous Issue and Company of Atheists, Infidels, Scepticks, Papists, and Quakers in this Nation.
7. a. Produce, proceeds; profits arising from lands or tenements, amerciaments, or fines. Now only in legal use.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 19 He was first of Inglond, þat gaf God his tiþe, Of Isshue of bestes, of londes, or of liþe [De l'yssue de ses bestes, de terre et tenement]. 1399Langl. Rich. Redeles iv. 8 Alle þe issues of court þat to þe kyng longid. 1439E.E. Wills (1882) 122 All profytes and issues of the maners. 1537in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford 146, 5s by the year to their clothing, of the issues of the said Hospital. 1574tr. Littleton's Tenures 27 a, Such wardeine in socage shal take no issues or profites of suche landes. 1765Act 5 Geo. III, c. 26 Preamble, All manner of issues, revenues, and profits of the said island. 1883in Wharton.
†b. A fine, an amerciament; an order for levying such. Obs.
1467in Eng. Gilds (1870) 378 That euery Bailly..yelde accomptes of the yssues, fines, amerciaments of Grenewax, in the kynges courte forfet by eny citezen dwellynge wtyn the cyte. 1562J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 205 Thou lostst a marke in issews, criers say. 1620J. Wilkinson Coroners & Sherifes 57 Sherifes must levy their issues and amerciaments by their extracts under the seale of the Exchequer. 1640–4in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. (1692) I. 344 Appear while you will, plead what you will, submit to the Mercy of the Court, Issues shall go on still, as if you did neither, till you have done somewhat that the Court will not order you to do, nor is bound to take notice of when you have done. 1752J. Louthian Form of Process (ed. 2) 184 A. B. come forth, or you lose 100s. in Issues.
8. a. That which proceeds from any source; the outcome or product of any practice or condition.
1601Shakes. All's Well ii. i. 109 The dearest issue of his practice And of his olde experience, th' onlie darling. 1658W. Sanderson Graphice 22 From an Artizan's excellencies, proceed those extravagant varieties..which are not the issues of an idle brain. 1672Cave Prim. Chr. i. v. (1673) 120 The issue of the most foolish spite. 1871Blackie Four Phases i. 52 The product of my labour and the issues of my activity are mine.
†b. An action, a deed (in relation to the doer). Obs. rare.
1601Shakes. Jul. C. iii. i. 294 There shall I try In my Oration, how the People take The cruell issue of these bloody men. 1611― Cymb. ii. i. 51 You are a fool granted therefore your issues, being foolish, do not derogate.
†c. An emanation. Obs.
1659D. Pell Impr. Sea Prœm. B viij note, There be certain incorporeal and spiritual evaporations and issues which proceed out of the Loadstone.
†9. The entrails of a butchered animal. Obs.
c1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 9 Take, wasshe þo isues of swannes anon, And skoure þo guttus with salt ichon. c1440Promp. Parv. 266/1 Issu (of) a slayne beeste,..intrale, vel in plur, intralia,..extum.
IV.
10. a. The outcome of an action or course of proceedings or the operation of something; event, result, consequence. Also in pl. in the issue († in issue), in the event.
1382Wyclif Ruth iii. 18 Abide douȝter, to the tyme that we seen what yssu the thing wol han. c1400Destr. Troy 2708 Fortune..Ordans an yssew, euyn as hym lyst. a1568R. Ascham Scholem. i. (Arb.) 62 Experience of all facions..beinge, in profe, alwaise daungerous, in isshue, seldom lucklie. a1572Knox Hist. Ref. Wks. 1846 I. 103 Diverse presonaris tackin..war send home ransome free, upoun promesse of thair fidelitie, which, as it was keapt, the ishew will witnesse. 1631Gouge God's Arrows iii. §47. 271 The issue of the combat can not be ill where the cause of the combatant is good. 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. i. 6 All such Principles are..all one in the issue with the rankest Atheism. 1777Watson Philip II (1793) III. xx. 45 The prosperity of the United Provinces was, in the issue, greatly augmented. 1853J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) II. i. iii. 108 If perseverance merited a favourable issue, at least he has had a right to expect it. 1860Motley Netherl. (1868) II. ix. 27 The issue was to show whether the sarcasm were just or not.
†b. The event or fortune befalling a person; luck in an undertaking. Obs.
1390Gower Conf. I. 360 To see to what issue The king befalleth at the laste. 1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. i. ii. 97 Ioynting their force 'gainst Cæsar, Whose better issue in the warre from Italy Vpon the first encounter draue them. 1639T. Brugis tr. Camus' Moral Relat. 309 [He] had done well in the Armies,..and had had good issue on many good occasions.
†c. The result of a discussion or examination of a question; decision, conclusion. Obs.
1390Gower Conf. II. 206 Ate laste they accorde..her tale to recorde To what issue they be falle A knight shall speke for hem alle. 1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1684) III. 242 They came to this issue, that Willerton should draw out of the Scriptures and Docters his Reasons, and Bradford would peruse them. 1719De Foe Crusoe i. xviii, They..said they would much rather venture to stay there than to be carried to England to be hanged: so I left it on that issue.
d. The outcome or upshot of an argument, evidence, etc.
1604Shakes. Oth. iii. iii. 219, I am to pray you, not to straine my speech To grosser issues, nor to larger reach, Then to Suspition. 1699Bentley Phal. 145 The Issue of this present Section. 1898W. M. Ramsay Was Christ born in Bethlehem? v. 110 All our positions are the most probable issue of the scanty evidence.
V.
11. a. Law. The point in question, at the conclusion of the pleadings between contending parties in an action, when one side affirms and the other denies.
issue of fact, an issue raised by denying something averred as a fact. issue of law, an issue raised by a demurrer or analogous proceedings, conceding the fact alleged, but denying the application of the law as claimed. general issue, an issue raised by simply traversing the allegations in the declaration, as in the pleas ‘not guilty’, ‘not indebted’. special issue, an issue raised by denying part of the allegations.
[1308Year-bk. 1 Edw. II, Easter (1678) 4 Naverrez james bone issue de plee. 1309Year-bk. 3 Edw. II, Mich. (1678) 59 Si vous voielletz conustre et estre a un de la tenaunce douncz purra vostre plee avoir issue en ley scil. en jugement le quel vous poietz avowere faire ou ne mye ou dites que nyent severe & issint avoir issue en fet.] 1511–12Act 3 Hen. VIII, c. 23 §7 If any issue or mater in lawe ryse or growe upon any mater. 1559in Strype Ann. Ref. (1824) I. App. viii. 428 Triall in the king's temporall courts of issues. 1669–70Marvell Corr. Wks. 1872–5 II. 309 If any one be sued for executing this Act, he may plead generall issue. 1681Trial S. Colledge 4 When you have pleaded to Issue, then we must award the Sheriff to impannel a Jury to try that Issue. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. xxi. 314 Issue, exitus, being the end of all the pleadings, is the fourth part or stage of an action, and is either upon matter of law, or matter of fact. 1774S. Hallifax Anal. Rom. Civ. Law (1795) 100 Pleas to the Action are 1. General, denying at once the whole Declaration; and called the General Issue. 2. Special, advancing some new fact, not mentioned in the Declaration, in bar of the Plaintiff's demand. 1891Law Times XCII. 107/1 Other points were raised, and finally the master directed an issue to be tried.
b. transf. A point on the decision of which something depends or is made to rest; a point or matter in contention between two parties; the point at which a matter becomes ripe for decision. Esp. in to put to († on, upon, an, the) issue and similar phrases: to bring to a point admitting of decision.
c1566J. Alday tr. Boaystuau's Theat. World B iij b, The battel of this world is so perillous, the yssue so terrible and fearfull. 1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, v. i. 178 Now, While 'tis hot, Ile put it to the issue. 1656Bramhall Replic. vi. 279 If he stand to this ground, there are no more controversies between him and me for the future but this one, what is the true Catholick Church, whether the Church of Rome..or the Church of the whole World, Roman, Grecian, Armenian, Abyssene, Russian, Protestant,..I desire no fairer issue between him and me. 1665Glanvill Def. Vain Dogm. 20, I am willing to put it upon the issue, whether it be so to any body else but this philosopher. 1748Richardson Clarissa I. iv. 25, I saw plainly that to have denied myself to his visits..was to bring forward some desperate issue between the two. 1863Tyndall Heat vi. 193 The problem I think is thus narrowed to the precise issue on which its solution depends. 1873Burton Hist. Scot. VI. lxxii. 290 Look at the issue between England and Scotland as it stood at the moment.
c. A matter or point which remains to be decided; a matter the decision of which involves important consequences.
1836J. Gilbert Chr. Atonem. v. (1852) 145 Conferring the power of choice, and connecting that choice with most important issues. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 133 There is a mighty issue at stake..the good or evil of the human soul. 1898Westm. Gaz. 22 July 3/2 ‘We want issues’. In the absence of issues politics become a question of self-interest..to manipulate the tariff for the benefit of trusts and manufacturers.
d. A choice between alternatives, a dilemma.
1850McCosh Div. Govt. iii. ii. (1874) 357 Such is the issue in which conscience lands us—it drives us to thoughtlessness, or it goads us to madness.
12. at issue.
a. In Law: see quot. 1768. Hence gen. of persons or parties: In controversy; taking opposite sides of a case or contrary views of a matter; at variance.
[a1530Sir E. Howard Let to Wolsey in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. iii. I. 149 For all this we be att issew that I shewed you befor.] 1768Blackstone Comm. (1830) III. xx. 313 When in the course of pleading, they come to a point which is affirmed on one side, and denied on the other, they are then said to be at issue; all their debates being at last contracted into a single point, which must now be determined either in favour of the plaintiff or of the defendant. 1788Jefferson Writ. (1859) II. 456 The authority of the crown on one part, and that of the parliaments on the other, are fairly at issue. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 86 They are always at issue with governments..on..a question of title. 1812W. Godwin in Four C. Eng. Lett. 356 Your views and mine as to the improvement of mankind are decisively at issue. 1855Prescott Philip II, ii. (1857) 291 On this the king and the country were at issue as much as ever. 1893Lydekker Horns & Hoofs 353 Zoologists themselves are at issue as to the number of species that ought to be recognised.
b. Of a matter or question: In dispute; under discussion; in question. Also, rarely, in issue.
1817Shelley Proposal in D. F. MacCarthy Early Life 372 The question now at issue is, whether the majority..desire or no a complete representation in the Legislative Assembly. 1840Macaulay Ess., Clive (1887) 539 The matter really at issue was..whether Newcastle or Fox was to be master of the new House of Commons. 1855― Hist. Eng. xii. III. 182 The point really in issue was whether the King should be in Irish or in British hands. 1871R. Ellis Catullus xvii. 20 As alive to the world, as if world nor wife were at issue. 1885Law Rep. 29 Chanc. Div. 453 The question..was not in issue in that action.
13. to join issue. † Formerly also to join in issue. (Also, in transf. senses, to take issue: see b, c.)
a. Law. Of the parties: To submit an issue (sense 11) jointly for decision; also, of one party, To accept the issue tendered by the opposite party.
1430–1Rolls Parl. IV. 376 Any ple..in which..bastardie is or shal be aleged ayens ony persone partie to the same ple, and yeruppon issue joyned or to be joyned. 1540Act 32 Hen. VIII, c. 30 §1 Replycacyons, reioynders, rebutters, ioynyng of issues, and other pleadynges. 1628Coke On Littleton i. §193 note, Where the issue is ioyned of the part of the Defendant the entrie is et de hoc ponit se super patriam: but if it be of the part of the Plaintife, the entrie is et hoc petit quod inquiratur per patriam. 1672R. Wild Poet. Licent. 27 Let's joyn issue, and go fairly to't, And to a Kings-Bench-Trial put the Suit. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. xxi. 315 When he that denies or traverses the fact pleaded by his antagonist, has tendered the issue thus, ‘and this he prays may be enquired of by the country’:—it may immediately be subjoined by the other party, ‘and the said A B doth the like’. Which done, the issue is said to be joined, both parties having agreed to rest the fate of the cause upon the truth of the fact in question. 1774S. Hallifax Anal. Rom. Civ. Law (1795) 111 Contestatio Litis answers to what, in the law of England, is called Joining Issue. 1883Wharton's Law Lex. (ed. 7) 630/2 Subject to the last preceding Rule, the plaintiff by his reply may join issue upon the defence.
b. transf. To accept or adopt a disputed point as the basis of argument in a controversy; to proceed to argument with a person on a particular point, offered or selected.
1551Bp. Gardiner Explic. 145 That issue will I ioine with him, which shall suffise for confutacion of this booke. a1556Cranmer Answ. Gardiner 6, I wil ioyne with you this issue, that neither scripture nor ancient author writeth in expresse wordes the doctrine of your faith. 1577Hanmer Anc. Eccl. Hist. v. xvi[ii], If they pleade innocencie, let them staie and ioyne with vs in ishwe, in the same matter. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacr. ii. vii. §6 He is no true Christian who dare not readily joyn issue with them. 1720Waterland Eight Serm. 284 We shall be very ready to join issue with them upon this very Point. 1825Macaulay Ess., Milton (1887) 19 The enemies of parliament..rarely choose to take issue on the great points of the question.
c. To take up the opposite side of a case, or a contrary view on a question.
1697C. Leslie Snake in Grass (ed. 2) 84, I will joyn Issue with George Whitehead upon it, that there never were such Priests. 1771Junius Lett. xliv. 236, I join issue with the advocates for privilege, and affirm [etc.]. 1876C. M. Davies Unorth. Lond. (ed. 2) 296 A point on which I should take decided issue with a portion of Professor Tyndall's late address. 1899J. Morris in Amer. Jrnl. Philol. XX. 438, I feel impelled to take issue with his conclusions.
¶d. erron. To come to an agreement; to agree; to unite.
a1778Toplady in Spurgeon Treas. Dav. Ps. lxxxix. 2 Every true believer will here join issue with David that it is God, and God alone, who builds up the temple of his Church. 1839Murchison Silur. Syst. i. v. 74 Being convinced of the igneous origin of trap, he joined issue with his former opponents, and has now become one of the most efficient expounders of that theory. 1863Cowden Clarke Shaks. Char. xix. 491 His banishment, and willingness to join issue with his old enemy to lay waste his native country.
14. the (whole) issue: everything, the lot. colloq.
1919W. H. Downing Digger Dial. 29 Issue, 1. A portion; 2. ‘to get one's issue’—to be killed; 3. ‘to get the whole issue of a shell’—to be struck bodily by a shell. 1925Fraser & Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 129 Not a soul got back; the whole issue were done in last night. 1930Brophy & Partridge Songs & Slang 1914–18 131 The issue was also used for ‘the whole lot’, e.g. ‘There's no rum tonight. The sergeant's snaffled the issue.’ 1941Baker Dict. Austral. Slang 38 Issue, all, everything, the lot. 1960K. Amis Take Girl like You i. 10 He put a metal flint-scratcher into the mouth of the geyser and went clicking away... ‘Now the water... Funny. The whole issue should light up now.’ 1966‘L. Lane’ ABZ of Scouse 53 Yer've buggered up ther 'ole issue.
VI. From issue v.
15. a. The action of sending or giving out officially or publicly; an emission of bills of exchange, notes, bonds, shares, postage-stamps, etc. Also, b. The set number or amount (of coins, notes, stamps, copies of a newspaper, books and periodicals, etc.) issued at one time, or distinguished in pattern, design, colour, or numbers, from those issued at another time.
bank of issue: see bank n. 7 b.
1833Penny Mag. Monthly Suppl. Nov.—Dec. 511/1, 12,000 copies of each number (the quantity required for the first issue of the volume [sc. of the Penny Magazine]) will have been delivered to two book-binders. 1835Penny Cycl. III. 381/1 The necessity for the issue of notes for so small an amount as 1l. arose [etc.]. Ibid. 384/1 If more than one bank of issue were in operation in London. Ibid. 386/1 To lessen..the issues of country bankers. 1845McCulloch Taxation iii. ii. (1852) 438 An additional issue of 33,289,300l. of Exchequer Bills. 1862Mount Brown Catalogue Post. Stamps (ed. 3) Pref., Take the stamps of Naples. The first issue was in circulation from 1857 till 1859. 1863Ibid. (ed. 4) Pref. 5 Early notice of any new issue of stamps. Ibid. 12 The word Essay comprehends stamps designed for issue but never circulated. 1875Jevons Money (1878) 246 The first small issue of the French assignats. 1876Humphreys Coin-Coll. Man. vii. 83 Coins exist of this issue. 1878R. B. Smith Carthage 27 In the issue..of a leather money of representative value which would circulate throughout her dependencies Carthage seems..to have anticipated the convenient invention..of paper money. 1885E. B. Evans Philatelic Handbk. 118 With the exception of the most recent issue..nothing that can be termed a set of stamps has been brought out. 1891Leeds Merc. 27 Apr. 4/7 Larger powers of control should be given to the local authorities over the issue of the licenses and the hours of opening. 1895B. Wood in Brontë Soc. Trans. I. i. 4 Many of the editions of the Brontë Works are merely reprints of previous issues. 1910C. Shorter in E. Brontë Compl. Poems p. vi, It is a curious irony of circumstance that this little volume [sc. the Brontë Poems]..now sells..for more money than the whole issue cost Charlotte Brontë and her sisters when they had it published at their own expense. 1929J. L. Young Bks. from MS. to Bookseller viii. 93 Quite a considerable proportion of the issue of every book is given away for one purpose or another. 1954Willing's Press Guide p. vii, With this issue..we announce important policy developments... As from this edition special supplements will be issued. 1962M. Toase Guide Current Brit. Periodicals p. viii, Information given in the entries... Date of first issue. 1974Leisure Painter & Craftsman Aug. (verso front cover), We have invited Mr. Harry Richardson to outline, in this issue, his..approach to the problem.
(ii) Bibliogr. In bibliogr. classification and description, a subdivision of an edition (or of an impression [see impression n. 3 d] of an edition), denoting a distinct form, planned and put on sale by the publishers, of the edition (or impression) sheets; a new issue is normally indicated by the provision of a new title-leaf, with or without other changes.
In some cases the precise application of issue in this sense remains subject to discussion.
1928M. Sadleir Trollope: a Bibliogr. p. xiii, It would be well to distinguish clearly between an ‘issue’ and a ‘binding-up’. An ‘issue’ represents an order from the publishers for a definite effort in publication... It is a piece of publishing, and reflects some definite intention in the publishers' mind. A ‘binding-up’, on the other hand, is a mere replenishment of the stock in a publisher's ware⁓house. 1949F. Bowers Princ. Bibliogr. Descr. ii. 41 Issue is included within edition and itself includes only state. Ibid. 78 Removed from consideration [sc. of issue] are all alterations made during continuous printing of the original sheets, as well as alterations made after public sale had begun which are largely for the purpose of constructing an ‘ideal copy’. We must take it as a fundamental assumption that, except in the most uncommon circumstances, sheets will not be re-issued without a change of title-page... It is impossible to set up any standards for issue [sc. for hand-printed books] which have any likelihood of uniform and logical application unless the title-page is taken as the prime evidence. Ibid. xi. 403 Sadleir's correct refusal to admit as issues those bindings⁓up exhibiting small variants in the binding not the result of a publisher's order helps sweep away the majority of the ridiculously conceived modern ‘issues’ but still leaves various ambiguities. Ibid. 419 Alterations to the text [sc. of 19th- and 20th-century books] are a cause of re-issue even if the title-page is unaffected, providing they go beyond the standards of ideal copy and were not made during the course of printing the impression affected... At the publisher's request, the text of D. H. Lawrence's..White Peacock (1911) was altered in certain respects by the substitution of two cancellans leaves..causing re-issue... In The White Peacock..the second issue is found in a second state. 1952J. Carter ABC for Bk.-Collectors 108 Since differences of issue are bibliographically tidier and more straightforward than differences of state, and since the term falls much more pleasingly on the priority-conscious ear, a good many undeterminable cases have been, and no doubt will continue to be, given the benefit of the doubt. 1960G. A. Glaister Gloss. Bk. 200/1 Before the term ‘issue’ can first be applied, copies of the work without any of the changes now involved must have already been published. Bibliographers then speak of a ‘first issue’ and a ‘second issue’ of the ‘first edition’. The term is less precisely used in the book trade. 1969E. W. Padwick Bibliogr. Method xvi. 206 Both issue and state are included within impression... Basically, issue should be regarded as an act of intent by the publisher to effect some change in the yet unbound copies of an impression after the publication of some copies has taken place. 1972P. Gaskell New Introd. Bibliogr. 317 The term ‘edition’ has always been used in the trade for ‘impression’ or ‘issue’ as well as for edition in the bibliographical sense; a book that is advertised as a ‘new edition’..may be..simply a reissue of the original sheets with a new title-page.
c. An item or amount of something given out or distributed. orig. U.S.
1861Regulations Army U.S. 283 His descriptive list..on which the surgeon shall enter all payments, stoppages, and issues of clothing to him in hospital. 1881Rep. Indian Affairs (U.S.) 10 They agreed to go as soon as the issue of beef..had been made. 1882Cassell's Family Mag. June 399/1 He is also responsible that the proper issues of bread and meat are made to the men. 1899T. W. Hall Tales 109 Then our..aching bodies are loaded down with a further issue of ammunition. 1911H. Quick Yellowstone Nights xii. 305 ‘You represent the Elkins interests in the matter of supplying for the issue do you not?’ says he. Ibid. 321 She hove in sight of the issue. 1919Athenæum 8 Aug. 727/2 Anything supplied by the Army was an ‘issue’. 1940‘Gun Buster’ Return via Dunkirk i. ii. 20 His beard..had all the luxuriance of a ten-days unhampered growth... Some of our gunners began to give themselves a morning shave... His face..said..‘Do as you please. I'm sticking to mine. I'm not likely to get a better issue.’ 1942E. E. Dale Cow Country 163 They [sc. Amerindians] could not subsist upon the present issue of eighty thousand pounds a week.
VII. 16. attrib. and Comb., as issue book, issue day, issue department, issue risk, issue room; (sense 11) issue roll; (sense 15 c) issue boot, issue cigarette, issue day, issue house, issue mess tin, issue shoe; issue-blest adj.; issue-paper (see quots.); issue pea, a pea or other small globular body placed in a surgical issue (4 b) to keep up irritation.
1598Sylvester Du Bartas ii. ii. iii. Colonies 539 A certain Father..*issue-blest..In his own life-time, his own off-spring saw To wed each other without breach of Law.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk, *Issue-book, that which contains the record of issues to the crew, and the charges made against them.
1927Daily Express 4 Oct. 3 Men..running up and down perpendicular 4-inch steel stairs in *issue boots without arriving in hospital.
1925Fraser & Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 129 An ‘*Issue’ cigarette..was a ration cigarette, in contradistinction to one bought at the Canteen.
1874R. Glisan Jrnl. Army Life xxxi. 447 They gave the white physicians much annoyance by coming for medicine only on *issue or ration day. 1894Outing (U.S.) XXIV. 89/1 We bought our live stock on the next issue-day.
1890Daily News 14 Feb. 5/2 The transfer of 250,000l. cash from the *issue department to the banking department of the Bank of England.
1878Rep. Indian Affairs (U.S.) 39 Other mechanics are putting up new store and *issue-houses. 1911H. Quick Yellowstone Nights xii. 316 The way we..hit the trail f'r the Issue House was a high-class piece o' teamin'.
1944Living off Land vii. 145 The Australian *issue mess tin is light, durable and well-suited to bush cooking.
1657W. Coles Adam in Eden xxvii. 56 A little piece of the Root [of ivy], made round like a pease, and put into the Orifice, keepeth it [an issue] running without Leaf or Plaster, if you lay upon it half a sheet of *issue-Paper, eight times double. 1710T. Fuller Farm. Extemp. 203 Anoint an Issue-Paper with it [the liniment], lay it warm on the Place.
1664Wood Life 17 Sept. (O.H.S.) II. 20 [Spent for] *issue peas, 1d.
1896Allbutt's Syst. Med. I. 477 *Issue risks [in insurance] are often affected when the ‘heir presumptive’ wishes to raise money on his expectations, there being no ‘heir apparent’..Sometimes the issue risk to be covered is not only the birth of an heir, but his attaining 21.
1886Encycl. Brit. XX. 312/1 The judgment rolls pass through three stages—first, they are plea rolls; then, when the parties join issue, *issue rolls; and lastly,..judgment rolls.
1882Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 96 Where is the *issue-room? Aft. What is stowed there? The present issue provisions.
1946R.A.F. Jrnl. May 155, I put on a pair of R.A.F. *issue shoes which I had grabbed.
Add:[V.] [11.] [c.] Phr. to make an issue of, etc., to turn into a subject of contention, make a fuss about.
1927New Statesman 21 May 174/2 There seems to be an attempt to create a big issue of Communism versus anti-Communism. 1944‘G. Graham’ Earth & High Heaven ix. 219 You simply must not make an issue of it! 1958L. Durrell Mountolive iv. 92 My dear chap..if you propose to make an issue of it with the S. of S. I can't help it. 1976New Yorker 26 Apr. 107/1 Sometimes I stiffen and resist and make an issue of having been spanked. 1991South Aug. 20/1 [Egypt] may decide to make an issue of the Nubian aquifers. But it would not do so without the green light from Washington.
[15.] d. Library Science. A book (record, etc.) loaned by a library to a borrower; also, the number loaned during a particular period. Usu. in pl., esp. in statistical contexts.
1939L. R. McColvin Library Staffs iv. 86 The London and Home Counties Branch of the Library Association recommends that there should be at least one assistant per 20,000 issues. 1961T. Landau Encycl. Librarianship (ed. 2) 185/2 Issue (loan methods), the number of books loaned from a library in a stated period. Also used to refer to the cumulated charges forming the filed record of loans. 1977Library Assoc. Rec. Oct. 641/2 Every Saturday meant working to 8.15—later if the issues were not counted and in order. 1987Ibid. Aug. (Vacancies Suppl.) p. ccxliii/2 In addition to being the fourth busiest library in Devon with over ½m issues per year, Paignton is also the base for the Torbay Mobile Library.
[VII.] [16.] issue desk.
1959L. M. Harrod Librarians' Gloss. (ed. 2) 156 *Issue desk, see circulation desk. 1986Library Assoc. Rec. May (Vacancies Suppl.) p. cviii/1 (Advt.), Senior Library Assistant..required for Readers' Services, including some responsibility for computerized issue desk.
▸ In pl. orig. and chiefly U.S. Emotional or psychological difficulties (freq. with modifying word); points of emotional conflict.
1982N.Y. Times 8 Dec. c10/6 The more difficult aspect can come after alcohol is removed. Then it becomes how do you deal with the emotions and intimacy issues that were largely dealt with previously through alcohol? 1991Longevity Jan. 70/1 At the root of anniversary syndrome..are unresolved issues about the loved one stemming from the past. 1998Community Care 20 Aug. 46/5 (advt.) Educational programme and 24-hour placement support for emotionally damaged children and young people. Reparative work with attachment issues.
▪ II. issue, v.|ˈɪʃ(j)uː, ˈɪsjuː|
Forms: 4–7 isshew(e, (4 isu(e), 5 isshu(e, isschu(e, isswe, yssew, yschew(e, 5–7 yssu(e, 6 issew, (7 ishu), 4– issue.
[f. prec. n., or f. F. issu pa. pple. of issir: see ish v.1]
I. Intransitive senses.
1. a. To go or come out; to flow out; to come forth, sally out. Often with out or forth.
13..Coer de L. 4432 At the foure gates they isuyd oute. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 276 Whan þei of þe castelle..Þat ere of wille fulle fre, to issue on þam oute. c1440Bone Flor. 458 Fyfty of them yssewed owte, For to juste in werre. 1495Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. xvii. cxxxix. (W. de W.) 695 Resyne is droppynge whyche comyth and ysseweth oute by swetyng of trees. a1533Ld. Berners Huon lxii. 214 They issuyd out of theyr shyp. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, i. ii. 71 Let's set our men in order, And issue forth, and bid them Battaile straight. 1599― Hen. V, iv. iv. 72, I did neuer know so full a voyce issue from so emptie a heart. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 786 Planted by a Rivers side, which issued into the South-sea. 1684Scanderbeg Rediv. iii. 34 He issued out upon them with a great slaughter of the Enemy, and little loss on his side. 1715–20Pope Iliad iii. 366 The vital spirit issued at the wound. 1796H. Hunter tr. St.-Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) I. p. xl, The other branch of the Current..issues through the passage called the North-Strait. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. ii. 13 From its clefts and fissures issued a delicate blue light. 1864Skeat Uhland's Poems 245 Pascal Vivas..Issues from Saint George's chapel.
†b. To go out so as to depart from or leave.
1484Caxton Chivalry i. 5 His palfroye yssued oute of the ryght waye. a1562G. Cavendish Wolsey (1893) 76 The kyng caused Monsieur Vademount to issue frome hyme, and to ride unto my lord.
c. To come out as a branch, to start forth, branch out; † to stand or stick out, to protrude.
a1533Ld. Berners Huon xlii. 140 He had two teth yssuyng out of his mouth more then a fote longe. 1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg., Howe many payres of synewes yssue of the noddle and in summe of all y⊇ brayne. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 188 From his head issue foure great hornes. 1638Ibid. (ed. 2) 241 By long canes or pipes issuing from a round vessell. 1653R. Sanders Physiogn. 151 The forepart of his head big, the nostrils issuing out. 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 749 They [sacro-lateral veins]..issue by the anterior sacral foramina.
†d. To go out by way of expenditure; to be laid out or spent. Obs.
1657R. Ligon Barbadoes (1673) Contents, An Estimate of the expence, that will issue out yearly to keep this Plantation in good order. Ibid. 115 An account of Expences issuing out yearly for Cloathing.
e. transf. and fig. To go or come out of a state or condition, to emerge.
1481Caxton Myrr. ii. xxiv. 117 The euyl esperites..may appere..to make them to yssue out of their mynde. 1483― Gold. Leg. 430 b/1 He..that of late convalesshed and yssued out of a greuous seeknesse. 1638F. Junius Paint. of Ancients 48 The livelinesse of great spirits cannot containe it selfe within the compasse of an ordinary practice, but it will alwayes issue forth. 1639T. Brugis tr. Camus' Moral Relat. 211 He had had many quarrels, and had issued out of them advantagiously. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. II. 318 By thy power of old The various tribes, that rove the realms below, Issued to life. 1878Browning La Saisiaz 250 Truce to such old sad contention whence..we issue in a half-escape.
2. To proceed as offspring; to be born, or descended. Now only in legal use. Cf. sense 8.
c1450Lonelich Grail lv. 401 Of Carcelois Isewede kyng Mangel..and Of Mangel Isswede kyng lambor. 1568Grafton Chron. I. 14 Among all the other that issued out of Noe. 1611Bible 2 Kings xx. 18 Of thy sonnes that shall issue from thee, which thou shalt beget, shall they take away. 1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) VI. 343 The heirs of the body of such first, second, third, and every son and sons successively, lawfully issuing.
3. To come as proceeds or revenue; to accrue. Chiefly in phr. issuing out of (lands, etc.).
1443Test. Ebor. (Surtees, 1855) 89 A rent charge of xxvjs. viijd. issuand owte of my landes and tenementes in Stitnam. 1540Act 32 Hen. VIII, c. 37 §4 Lands and tenementes out of the which the sayd rentes or fe fermes were issuyng and paiable. a1626Bacon Max. & Uses Com. Law iii. (1636) 16 A fee farme rent issuing out of white acre of ten shillings. 1726Ayliffe Parergon 61 These Altarages issued out of the Offerings made to the Altar. 1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) I. 211 A person devised to his wife an annuity of 200l. a year, to be issuing out of his lands.
4. a. To proceed as an outcome; to come forth as from a source; to take origin, be derived, spring.
1481Caxton Myrr. i. ii. 8 Thus wold god establisshe this world that suche thinge shold yssue that myght vnderstande and knowe the noblesse of his power. 1538Starkey England i. i. 16 Al gud cyuyle lawys spryng and yssue out of the law of nature. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, i. i. 143 As for the rest apeal'd, It issues from the rancour of a Villaine. 1601? Marston Pasquil & Kath. iv. 302 Women whose merit issues from their worth Of inward graces. 1746Jortin Chr. Relig. i. (R.), From this Supreme Being, from this eternal fountain of all truth and of all good gifts, there issues light, which lighteth every one that cometh into the world. 1820R. Hall Wks. (1832) VI. 275 Can malevolence and misery issue from the bosom of infinite goodness?
b. To proceed or arise as a result or consequence; to result.
1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. To Rdr. ⁋v, I will touche in brevitie, and the benefites that issue from this booke. 1600E. Blount tr. Conestaggio 15 Mishaps..issuing from their ill measured Counsell. 1654Bramhall Just Vind. ix. 248 They do not oppose it, but acquiesce, to avoid such disadvantages as must issue thereupon. 1884tr. Lotze's Metaph. 488 The extra-excitation which accompanies the main movement issuing from the stimulus.
5. a. To turn out (in a specified way); to have a certain issue or result; to end or result in.
1665J. Spencer Vulg. Proph. 91 When men shall see their Prophecies or Dreams, of future contingencies..thus strangely issued, they will..make no doubt of their near approaches to the prophetick grace. 1715De Foe Fam. Instruct. i. viii. (1841) I. 161 We have had a hard day's work, but I hope it will issue well. 1745Wesley Answ. Ch. 28 Such [doubts and fears] as actually issued in Repentance toward God. 1833H. Martineau Loom & Lugger i. iii. 33 There is no saying how quarrels might otherwise issue. 1854Froude Short Stud., Spinoza (1867) 238 A philosophy which issues in such conclusions.
b. To turn out to be. rare.
1884Tennyson Becket i. iii, Snake—ay, but he that lookt a fangless one, Issues a venomous adder.
6. To ‘come out’ or be sent forth officially or publicly; to be published or emitted. Cf. 9.
1640–4Ld. Finch in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. (1692) I. 13 His Majesty..did resolve..to Summon a great Council of all the Peers,..and commanded Writs to issue out accordingly. 1665Sir T. Herbert Trav. (1677) 257 Summons issued for the holding a Parliament of no less than the whole World. 1793Jefferson Writ. (1859) IV. 63 A minister from France was hourly expected when the proclamation issued. 1795A. Hamilton Wks. (1886) VII. 86 Before money can legally issue from the Treasury for any purpose, there must be a law authorizing an expenditure. 1863H. Cox Instit. iii. viii. 721 The Commission is revoked, and a new Commission issues. 1866Crump Banking x. 227 The number of coins issuing from the mint each year varies considerably.
II. Transitive senses.
7. a. To give exit to; to send forth, or allow to pass out; to let out; to emit; to discharge. Predicated of the containing thing; † formerly also of the means of exit, or of an operative force.
1442Searchers' Verdicts in Surtees Misc. (1888) 18 To save and isshewe y⊇ wattere fro y⊇ said place of John of Bolton. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. iii. ii. 269 Euerie word in it a gaping wound Issuing life blood. 1604T. Wright Passions vi. 343 Marke..the seede..how it fixeth its rootes..erecteth the stem, springs the huskes, issues the eare. 1635Hakewill Apol. 495 His loathsome legs, every where issueing forth corrupt matter. 1799W. Tooke View Russian Emp. I. 196 A mountain near upon the strand is continually issuing smoke. 1862Beveridge Hist. India III. vii. ii. 47 Expeditions annually issued by his orders. 1893Sir R. Ball Story of Sun 315 Agents which stored up heat in summer and issued it in winter.
b. absol. To shed tears; to discharge.
1599Shakes. Hen. V, iv. vi. 34, I must perforce compound With mixtfull eyes, or they will issue to. 1680Lond. Gaz. No. 1527/4 Lost..a Chesnut Sorrel Gelding,..with..a little hole on the near side of his Face, that doth sometimes issue.
†8. To give birth to; to bear (offspring), have issue. Obs. rare in active; frequent in pass. in sense: To be born, to spring; = sense 2.
1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 145 The fyrste sustyr yssud noht, But deyid baren. a1533Ld. Berners Huon lxxxi. 251 He was yssued of y⊇ lygnage of Ganelon. a1586Sidney Arcadia i. Wks. 1725 I. 19 Between these two personages..it issued forth mistress Mopsa, a fit woman to participate of both their perfections. 1610Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 59. 1623 tr. Favine's Theat. Hon. v. i. 39 Of that marriage was issued the said King Edward. 1672Temple Ess., Orig. Govt. Misc. (1681) 57 Heroes, that is, persons issued from the mixture of divine and humane race.
9. To give or send out authoritatively or officially; to send forth or deal out in a formal or public manner; to publish; to emit, put into circulation (coins, bank notes, stamps, and the like). Formerly often with out or forth.
1601in Moryson Itin. ii. (1617) 206 Gave direction to the Commissary of the victuals, to issue Oates..at sixe shillings. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxiv. 130 That Issueth the same [coin] out againe for publique payments. 1667–8Marvell Corr. Wks. 1872–5 II. 239 His Majesty answered, ‘He would issue forth his Proclamation’. 1758Herald I. v. 73 Every trader who issues notes beyond his abilities to answer..must in the end be ruined. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. xxiv. 318 We are next..to enquire into the manner of issuing process, after indictment found, to bring in the accused to answer it. 1769Burke Late St. Nation Wks. II. 139 The writs are issued for electing members for America and the West Indies. 1818A. Ranken Hist. France V. v. 402 A new coin was issued. 1833Penny Mag. Monthly Suppl. Oct.–Nov. 472/1 Twenty million ‘Penny Magazines’ have been issued from the commencement. 1862Mount Brown Cat. Post. Stamps (ed. 3) Pref., So many new foreign postage-stamps have been issued. 1868Dickens Uncomm. Trav. xxiii, Within this little window,..a neat and brisk young woman presided to take money and issue tickets. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 230 The bishop of the diocese had issued monitory proclamations. 1876‘Mark Twain’ Lett. to Publishers (1967) 95 It is going to rush you too tight to do your canvassing and issue ‘Tom’ [sc. Tom Sawyer] in the middle of April isn't it? 1877Mrs. Forrester Mignon I. 3 She did not issue cards for a series of days. 1892Speaker 3 Sept. 278/1 The Government during the past twelve months has issued large amounts of inconvertible paper. 1897Times 15 Jan. 7/4 Dr. Murray..has just issued Part IX of Series I of the New English Dictionary. 1954[see issue n. 15 b]. 1966(title) The English catalogue of books..1963–1965, giving..the size, price, date of publication, and publisher of books issued in the United Kingdom.
†10.
a. To bring to an issue or settlement; to settle (a dispute, etc.); to terminate. Chiefly Amer.
1650Rec. Dedham, Mass. (1892) III. 131 Being deputed and Authorised to issue a case as yet vnperfect..we settle and determine the bounds to be [etc.]. 1681No Protestant Plot 13 [To] influence the next Parliament to issue differences by an Act of Oblivion. 1698S. Sewall Diary 13 Apr. (1878) I. 477 Capt. Frary and Bror. Perry desire Mr Sergeant and me to issue their difference. 1706J. Logan in Pa. Hist. Soc. Mem. X. 120 Pray be prevailed on to issue that business, or drive it least toward a period.
b. To give a certain issue or result to; to cause to end in something. Now rare.
a1676R. Cromwell Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1898) XIII. 93 God can isshew all for good, and turne our feare and sorrowings into joy. 1690Penn Rise & Progr. Quakers (1834) 69 To issue those things in the wisdom and power of God. 1847Bushnell Chr. Nurt. ii. iv. (1861) 304 The child is sure to be issued finally in a feeling of confirmed disrespect, which is the end of all good influence or advice. 1858― Serm. New Life 91 We complete sensation itself or issue it in perception, by assigning reality ourselves to the distant object.
c. To bring forth (as a result). rare.
1865Bushnell Vicar. Sacr. iii. iii. (1868) 284 When the mercy of sacrifice, working in and with the retributive causes of justice, issues a result which neither she nor they could issue alone. Ibid. (1865) 241 The specific variations to be issued by the interactions of mercy.
11. To give things out to (a person); to supply (a person) with. (Cf. issue n. 15 c.)
1925T. G. Bruce in E. F. Norton Fight for Everest, 1924 344 Every man in the Expedition should be issued with one blanket either in Kalimpong or Phari. 1927Daily Tel. 27 Sept. 8/6 Infantry battalions were issued with two weighted dummies apiece. 1928Sunday Express 18 Mar. 3/2 The extraordinary experience of being twice in a year issued by the same bank with a faulty {pstlg}1 Treasury note. 1929F. A. Pottle Stretchers (1930) 37 Before we were issued our heavy trench shoes. 1953Listener 6 Aug. 224/2 Then, the idiom ‘issued with’: ‘He was issued with’ a rifle, and a packet of cigarettes, or what not. I suppose this horror has come to stay. It is undeniably convenient. 1961Oxford Times 15 Dec. 14/9 He stated that he had not been issued with a licence previously when, in fact, one had been issued by Surrey County Council earlier that year.
Hence ˈissued, ˈissuing ppl. adjs.; ˈissuingly adv., in the course of issuing.
1588Shakes. Tit. A. ii. iv. 30 This losse of blood, As from a Conduit with their issuing Spouts. 1593― 3 Hen. VI, ii. vi. 82 And with the issuing Blood Stifle the Villaine. 1662J. Chandler Van Helmont's Oriat. 144 Whatsoever the immortall Soul..doth issuingly think of, it also reacheth to that very thing. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 39 In the path of the issuing vapour. 1889Daily News 27 Feb. 2/2 When the issuing company pays no dividend on the share capital. 1899Westm. Gaz. 3 July 6/1 A company already possessing an issued capital and debenture stock of {pstlg}2,398,000. |