| 释义 |
▪ I. weft, n.1|wɛft|
Forms: 1 wefta, weft, wift, 4 wyft, weeft, 4–6 wefte, 4– weft; 6 woft(e, 7–9 Sc. woft, waft.
[OE. wefta wk. masc., weft str. masc., ? wift fem., corresp. to ON. veptr masc., vipta fem., weft, MHG. wift masc., fine thread; repr. OTeut. types *wefton-, *wefto-z, *wefti-z, f. *weƀ- to weave.]
1. Weaving. The threads that cross from side to side of a web, at right angles to the warp threads with which they are interlaced: = woof 1.
c725Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) D 57 Deponile wefta. a1100Gerefa in Anglia IX. 263 He sceal fela tola to tune tilian & fela andlomena to husan habban... Fela towtola: flexlinan, spinle, reol, ᵹearnwindan, wifte, wefle, wulcamb, [etc.]. c1100Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 187/32 Deponile, wefta, uel weft. 1382Wyclif Gen. xiv. 23 A threed of the weeft. Ibid. Exod. xxxix. 3 He made hem into thredes, that thei myȝten be plattid with the weft of the rather colours. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. xi. (Bodl. MS.), Ȝif þe wefte is ibroke þei begynneþ to amende it. 14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 696/21 Hec trama, a wefte. 1570Levins Manip. 52 Wefte, wofte, stamen. Ibid. 157 Y⊇ Woft of a web, subtegmen. 1615Markham Eng. Housew. ii. iii. 89 The one they call warpe, the other weft, or els Wooffe. 1629Orkney Witch Trial in County Folk-Lore (1903) III. 78 Christane Reid in Clett cam in ane maid errand, seiking woft to ane wob. 1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 46 In the Silk Ribbans, you might plainly see the Contexture, how the Warp and the Weft cross one another at right Angles. 1767Sterne Tr. Shandy ix. xxi, She..wets it—dries it—then takes her teeth to both warp and weft of it. 1788Picken Poems Scot. Dial. 248 Gloss., Waft, woof. 1822Scott Pirate xxxii, And we have many of foreign knacks Of finer waft than woo' or flax. 1832H. Martineau Manch. Strike ix. 106 My father used to..set my mother to card and spin the raw cotton for the weft. 1860Smiles Self Help ii. 34 ‘Blackburn Greys,’ consisting of linen weft and cotton warp. 1867Morris Jason xv. 360 And Eradne left The carding of the fine wool for the weft. 1876Rock Text. Fabr. v. 41 Bagdad or Baldak silks, with a weft of gold, known among us as ‘baudekins’.
fig.1563Mirr. Mag., Richard Dk. Glouc. xx, Of ambicion behold the worke [? read warpe] and weft, Prouoking me to do this haynous treason. a1693Urquhart's Rabelais iii. xxviii. 237 Wouldst thou..untwist all the Threads of the warp and the waft of the weer'd Sister Parques?
b. The strips of cane, palm-leaf, straw, etc. used as the filling, in weaving baskets, mats, etc. Also, the woven fabric.
1845Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. VI. i. 212 Many workmen thoughtlessly force their feet between the weft or horizontal branches of the hurdle. 1859C. Williams Narr. & Adv. Trav. Africa xvii. 189 Flags, reeds, and bulrushes..are woven..into mats..and so close is their weft that neither light, nor wind..can penetrate it. 1859Abridgm. Specif. Patents, Weaving (1861) 1015 For these purposes wires..may be used as the warps of the fabric, and straw or rushes or other materials being the weft. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Straw-fabric Loom. A loom for making goods the weft of which is straw.
2. Yarn to be used for the weft-threads.
1795Aikin Country Round Manchester 233 Employed in spinning cotton wefts for check-makers. 1802Bancks's Manch. & Salford Directory 29 Brown, Richard and Co. dealers in twist, weft, &c. 1846McCulloch Acc. Brit. Empire (1854) I. 677 All sorts of wefts, from the lowest to the highest numbers, are now spun by means of this machine. 1898Daily News 16 May 8/5 Tow wefts..have been dealt in to a larger extent than for weeks back. 1902Times 29 July 11/3 Doubled wefts are offered at easy prices; single wefts are dull.
3. That which is spun or woven.
1398Trevisa Barth De P.R. xix. lv. (1495) 896 Certen smalle wormes as it were attercoppes..done spynne and weue and make webbes and weftes abowte the hony combes. 1570Levins Manip. 52/45 Wefte, wofte, stamen. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. i. 381 Then Weavers stretch your Stays upon the Weft. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Weft, a thing woven; as A Weft of Hair. 1799H. Gurney Cupid & Psyche xx. 44 See those crones that on the left Weave the many-colour'd weft. 1851Mrs. Browning Casa Guidi Wind. ii. 122 Let thy weft Be of one woof and warp. 1883Whitelaw Sophocles, Trachin. 675 The investiture O' the robe, a weft of wool, fleecy and white.
b. fig. and in figurative context.
c140026 Pol. Poems xxi. 64 In helle is shewed euell-sponnen wyft. c1460Towneley Myst. ii. 435 Yey, ill spon weft ay comes foule out. 1719Hamilton Ep. to Ramsay 24 July v, I'm unco iri, and dirt feart I mak' wrang waft. 1864Swinburne Atalanta 738 The weft of the world was untorn That is woven of the day on the night. 1891‘R. Boldrewood’ Sydney-side Sax. ii, I cannot unravel the weft of it. I've made and helped to make a sight of victual in my day, and now [etc.].
4. Transferred uses.
†a. A film formed over the eye. Obs.
1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 29 The ashes of the head of a black Cat..put into the eye..helpe the haw, weft, and web in the eye. Ibid. 105 The gall [of the Rock-goat] cureth the weft in the eye.
b. A layer of closely interwoven hyphæ produced in certain fungi; also a ‘mat’ of hairs on the stem or leaf of a plant.
1875Cooke Fungi ii. 26 Certain filaments of the weft of the fungus. 1879Academy 11 Jan. 33/1 The access of..injurious insects to the flower is prevented.. by the dense weft of woolly hairs which covers the stem and leaves. 1887tr. De Bary's Fungi v. 217 The peripheral portion of the delicate hyphal weft..takes an active part in the further growth.
c. (See quot.)
1847Halliwell, Weft,..(5) The ground of a wig.
5. A streak of cloud; a thin layer of smoke or mist. Cf. waft n.1 2 d, waif n.3
a1822Shelley Queen of My Heart ii, And thy beauty more bright Than the stars' soft light, Shall seem as a weft from the sky. 1883Symonds Ital. Byways 97 Exceedingly soft and grey, with rose-tinted weft of steam upon its summit, stood Vesuvius above us in the twilight. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 187 The mountains..opposite were just enough illumined to let one see the wefts and floating veils of blue-white mist upon them.
6. attrib. and Comb., as weft cop (cop n.2 3), weft dealer, weft thread, weft warehouse, weft winding, weft yarn; weft-finger (Knitting), the forefinger; weft fork, (a) a pronged weft stopper; (b) (see quot. 1875); weft-hook (see quot.); weft line, flax (see line n.1 1 b) for the manufacture of weft-thread; weft (stop) motion, stopper, a device that automatically causes a stoppage of the loom when the weft-thread breaks or fails; weft-way (see quot.).
1881*Weft cop [see twist n.1 23]. 1892Daily News 16 July 7/1 There is only a very small demand for twist and weft cops for the home trade.
1802Bancks's Manch. & Salford Directory 34 *Weft and twist dealer.
1880[Mrs. Floyer] Plain Hints Needlework 37 The..fore, or ‘*weft’, finger; the thumb, or ‘rest:’ the second, or ‘position’ finger.
1851in Abridgm. Specif. Patents, Weaving (1861) 329 Improvements in the manufacture of *weft forks..for looms. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Weft-fork, one used in certain kinds of looms where the filling is laid in, one piece at a time. 1898Daily News 7 Mar. 2/1 As soon as either thread breaks the machine is stopped immediately by the weft forks.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Weft-hook, one for drawing in the filling in the case of slat-weaving looms and some forms of narrow-ware and ribbon looms.
1896Daily News 5 Dec. 9/4 The range of *weft lines continues unchanged at 3s. 1½d.
1863in Abridgm. Specif. Patents Weaving ii. (1871) 410 That part of the loom known as the ‘*weft motion’ for stopping the loom when the weft breaks.
1878A. Barlow Hist. Weaving xxiv. 261 The fork and grid *weft stop motion.
1853in Abridgm. Specif. Patents Weaving (1861) 408 An improved *weft stopper for two or more shuttles.
1843Penny Cycl. XXVII. 177/1 Into this shed..he throws the shuttle containing the *weft-thread.
1802Bancks's Manch. & Salford Directory p. iv, Twist, *weft and calico warehouse.
1888C. P. Brooks Cotton Manuf. 168 *Weft-way, yarn twisted over to the right in spinning. Weft may be either twist-way or weft-way.
1863B. Woodcroft Brief Biogr. 44 A *weft-winding engine.
1835Ure Philos. Manuf. 330 It must be spun into warp⁓yarn and *weft yarn, each of peculiar grist.
▪ II. † weft, n.2 Obs.
Also 6 waift, wayft, 7–8 waft.
Variant or perversion of waif n.1
1579Acts Privy Counc. (1895) XI. 196 Claiming the ship and goodes as a weft dewe to the lordes of the soile. Ibid. 247. 1590 Spenser F.Q. iii. x. 36 The gentle Lady..did..wander wide At wilde aduenture, like a forlorne weft. 1596Ibid. iv. ii. 4. Ibid. iv. xii. 31 For that a waift [i.e. Florimell], the which by fortune came Vpon your seas, he claym'd as propertie. 1591Art. conc. Admiralty 21 July §46 Those, which vpon the high Seas, haue found any..Boates forsaken, or wayfts, driuing, or floating, without any creature in the same. 1599B. Jonson Ev. Man out of Hum. i. ii, The Lord of the soile ha's al wefts and straies here? a1625Fletcher Elder Brother iv. iv, You are Lord o' the soile Sir, Lilly is a Weft, a Straie, shee's yours, to use Sir. 1678Dryden Limberham v. i, Do you know that I am Lady of the Mannour: and that all Wefts and Strays belong to me? a1680Butler Characters (1908) 127 His Belly is provided for,..his Back..takes other Courses to maintain itself by weft and stray Silver Spoons, stragling Hoods and Scarfs, [etc.]. c1680Beveridge Serm. (1729) I. 532 It is as a waft or stray, that belongs only to the head landlord of the world, to whom therefore you must restore it. 1708J. Chamberlayne St. Gt. Brit. ii. ii. xii. 498 The Causes competent to the Admiralty Court of Scotland, are these among others... Wafts, and Strays, and Deodands, and Wrecks. 1838Southey Lett. (1856) IV. 560 Farther corrections I shall make..for a posthumous edition, in which also I shall embody some wefts and strays.
▪ III. weft, v. rare.|wɛft|
Also Sc. waft.
[f. weft n.1]
intr. To form a weft or web; to interlace the weft with the warp. Hence ˈwefting vbl. n.
1785Burns 2nd Ep. J. Lapraik viii, Ne'er mind how Fortune waft an' warp. 1897Westm. Gaz. 19 Jan. 8/1 The warping, wefting, milling and finishing occupied 3h. 15 min.
▪ IV. weft
Sc., dial., and Naut. form of waft n.1
▪ V. weft
obs. pa. pple. of weave v. |