| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈjeopard, n. Obs. rare.
Also 4 ioparde, iupred, 6 iupert.
[? Shortened from jeopardy, or with final vowel mute.]
= jeopardy.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 601 Of more & lasse in godez ryche..lys no Ioparde [rime rewarde] For þer is vch mon payed in-liche. Ibid. B. 491 Þen watz þer ioy in þat gyn where Iupred er dryȝed. 1508Dunbar Poems vii. 62 Iulius, in iupert, in wisdom and expence, Most fortunable chiftane, bothe in yhouth and eild. 1611Cotgr., Hasard, hazard, aduenture, ieopard, fortune, chance.
▪ II. jeopard, v.|ˈdʒɛpəd|
Forms: see jeopardy; also 5 iouperd, geoparde, ieoparte, 7 jeabard, -poard, 9 jipper.
[Back-formation from jeopardy.
No example from 1654 to 19th c. Marked Obs. by Johnson 1755. F. Vesey in Decl. Eng. Lang. 1841, censures Johnson for including it, and says ‘it is quite out of use’, and its attempted revival ‘indicates rather a spirit of research than good taste’.]
1. trans. To put in jeopardy; to expose to loss, injury, or death; to hazard, risk, imperil. † Often in alliterative phr. to jeopard a joint, sc. of a finger, as opposed to the whole body (obs.).
c1374Chaucer Troylus iv. 1538 (1566) And er þat ye Iuparten so youre names Beth nought to hasty. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy ii. x. F 3, Day by day his life he gan Ieoparte, Tofore their walles for to preue his mighte. c1440Generydes 4480 Nay, god defende it..That ye shall iupert me so in this case. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. ccxxxviii. 276 To ieoberde his propre persone agayne Crystes enemyes. 1530Palsgr. 596/1, I juparte, I put in daunger or adventure. 1535Coverdale Judg. v. 18 Zabulons people ioperde their life vnto death. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII, 7 Taryenge draweth and ieopardeth perell. 1556J. Heywood Spider & F. lvii. 105 Rather then ieberd in war; goods life and all. 1563Homilies ii. Excesse of apparell ⁋6 Manye a one ieopardeth his beste ioynte to maintayne him self in sumptuous rayment. 1570Levins Manip. 31/5 Ioparde, periclitari. 1600Dekker Fortunatus Wks. 1873 I. 153 My ten duckets are like my ten fingers, they will not jeopard a joynt for you. 1623Cockeram ii, To Hazard, Ieobard. a1625Fletcher Wom. Pleased iii. ii, Are not you three now going to be sinfull, to jeabard a joynt or so? 1654in Hammond Answ. Animadv. Ignat. iii. §3. 64, I dare not be so bold with my soul as to jeopard it in that manner. 1822Scott Nigel xxx, This man Gregory is not fit to jipper a joint with him. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. (1846) II. ii. i. 249 To jeopard the interests of the Spanish sovereigns. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. I. vi. 513 As ready to jeopard his life and fortune..as ever his..forefathers had been. 1896Edith Thompson Red Mirko i. in Monthly Packet Christm. No. 86, I will jeopard my own head rather than throw him over.
†b. with inf. To risk doing something. Obs.
1456Paston Lett. I. 408 The toun arose, and wold have jouperdit to have distressed the Duke of Somerset. 1479Ibid. III. 259, I dar well juperde to take a dystres. 1535Coverdale 2 Sam. xv. 20 Thou camest yesterdaye, and to daye thou iuperdest to go with vs. 1554Knox Godly Let. D ij, Why will you ieoperde to lese the lyfe euerlastinge?
†c. intr. (for refl.) To risk oneself, to run the risk; to venture, adventure. Obs.
1430–40Lydg. Bochas iii. i. (1558) 40 b, It were foly with suche one to ieoparte. 1509Barclay Shyp of Folys (1874) II. 251 Who that dare auenture or ieparde for to rowe Vpon the se swellynge by waues great and hye. 1530Palsgr. 561/2, I geoparde, I adventure..I coulde have gotten a goodly botye one daye..if I durst have geoparded. 1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. iii. x, To ieoperde aganis sa huge multitude of peple. 1577Holinshed Chron. I. Scot. 236/1 In nowise to ieoparde with them in any pight field. 1598R. Bernard tr. Terence (1607) 88, I ieoparded almost farre enough.
†2. trans. To stake, bet. Obs.
c1470Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 287 The kyng schold be enrychyd for his parte..I dare playnly joparte. c1563Jack Jugler in Four Old Plays (1848) 17, I durst ieoperd an hunderid pounde That sum bauderie might now within be founde. 1579U. Fulwell Art Flatterie H iij (N.), I dare ieobard my cappe to fortie shillings, thou shalt have but a colde suite. 1579–80North Plutarch, Alexander, I am content (quoth Alexander) to ieopard the price of the horse.
†3. Venery. (Meaning uncertain: see quots.) Obs.
1575Gascoigne Wordes of Hart in Turberv. Venerie 139 He ieopardes and rechates: ahlas he blowes the fall And soundes that deadly dolful mote, whiche I muste die withall. 1897D. H. Madden Diary Master W. Silence iv. 50 The huntsman, now that scent is lost for a time, at all events, jeopards with his horn, an ancient usage that places the prospects of the chase indeed in jeopardy... I have sought in vain for any explanation of this term of art.
Hence ˈjeoparded ppl. a., ˈjeoparding vbl. n. Also ˈjeoparder, one who puts in jeopardy.
1534More Let. in Roper Life (1731) 122, I could not swere without the jubarding of my soule to perpetual dampnacion. 1611Cotgr., Hasardeur, a hazarder, venturer, ieoparder, aduenturer. 1783Ainsworth Lat. Dict. (Morell) i, A jeoparding, periclitatio. |