| 释义 |
▪ I. jigger, n.1|ˈdʒɪgə(r)|
Also 6 gygger, 7 giger, 8 jiger, 8–9 gigger.
[In some senses, agent-noun from jig v.; the relationship of others is obscure.]
I.
1. a. One who ‘jigs’ or dances a jig. Also, in dial., An odd-looking person, a ‘guy’. Cf. jig n.1 7.
1675Cotton Scoffer scofft 168 Venus... O how I'le trip it at thy wedding. Paris. Nay, you'r a jigger, we all know. 1825Brockett, Jigger, an airy, swaggering person. ‘A comical jigger’. 1880Jamieson's Dict., Jigger, a term of reproach or disrespect.
b. In full, jigger coat. A woman's short loosely-fitting jacket.
1957M. B. Picken Fashion Dict. 190/2 Jigger coat, short semi-tailored, informal coat. 1966Olney Amsden & Sons Ltd. Price List 30, 50 numbers Pinarettes, Aprons and Jiggers. 1968J. Ironside Fashion Alphabet 36 Jigger, a jacket popular in the 1930s—loose, finger-tip length, often with a tuxedo front. 1974Times 12 Feb. 11/7, I thought this little mink jigger..was a coming look.
c. N.Z. (See quot. 1971.)
1961Countryman LVIII. iii. 500 The axeman has to insert at least two ‘jiggers’ or steps. 1966Wanganui (N.Z.) Photo News 4 June 43/2 (caption) Champion axeman Sonny Bolstad is watched by the Queen Mother as he competes in a jigger chop. 1971F. C. Ford-Robertson Terminol. Forest Sci. 252/2 Jigger(-board) (New Zealand).., a short board or plank, its end notched into the bole, on which the cutter stands so as to enable him to fell the tree at a level not reachable from the ground.
II.
2. Naut. a. A small tackle consisting of a double and a single block and a fall, used for various purposes; esp. one used to hold on the cable when it is heaved into the ship.
1726G. Roberts 4 Yrs. Voy. 119 To enable the little Boy to hold on, I made him a Jigger with a Block fix'd to the Cable, and a Rope reev'd through it, so that having a double Purchase [etc.]. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789) s.v., The jigger is..useful when the cable is either slippery with mud.., or when it is stiff and unwieldy. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxii. 66 The sails were furled with great care, the bunts triced up by jiggers. 1847Key Recov. H.M.S. Gorgon (1866) 28 Bousing the casks close to the ships side with a jigger.
b. A small sail: see quot. 1867.
1831[implied in jigger-mast: see 8]. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Jigger,..a small sail rigged out on a mast and boom from the stern of a cutter, etc. 1894Times 1 June 11/4 To steady her..a jigger was run up at the stern.
c. Short for rigger-mast: see 8.
1880Times 23 Oct. 5/4 She has four masts, the fore and main masts carrying yards, a large spread of fore and aft canvas being provided for the mizzenmast and the jigger.
d. A small vessel of the smack type furnished with a ‘jigger’ sail: see b; a similar vessel used as a fishing-vessel on the N.E. coast of N. America.
1860Bartlett Dict. Amer., Jigger, a small fishing vessel. New England. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Jigger..3..e. A fishing-vessel whose rig corresponds to that of a cutter, excepting a small mizzen in the stern. 1891Times 16 Oct. 9/6 The jigger Petril, of Port Bannatyne, with gravel, is supposed to have foundered, as she has not been heard of since leaving Blairmore.
3. Mining.
a. One who dresses or ‘jigs’ ore; see jig v. 5.
b. An apparatus for dressing ore and separating it into layers of varying fineness; consisting wholly or essentially of a sieve, or a box with holes, which is shaken up and down in water, or into which water is forced.
1778Pryce Min. Cornub. 234–5 The jigger holds a coarse wire sieve..while another person throws the unclean Ore into the sieve, which the jigger dips into the water and shakes twice or thrice. Ibid. Gloss. s.v. Jigging, [The larger particles of ore] lie at the bottom of the Jigging-sieve or Jigger. 1874Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 499 The mining laboratory now contains..a little hand-jigger, a rotary pulverizer, and a fan-blower.
4. A contrivance for catching fish: = jig n.1 6 c. Also, in ice-fishing (Canad.).
1815Sporting Mag. XLV. 153 Cod lines and pouting, and jigger likewise. 1884Weekly Scotsman 23 Feb. 1/6 The method of capturing them [cuttle or squid] is known as jigging, the jigger consisting of a number of hooks radiating from a fixed center of lead. No bait is used. The jigger is lowered to the bottom where it is constantly kept moving up and down till the squid is felt upon it. 1946Beaver June 17/1 The jigger is a wooden plank with a slot in the middle through which a wooden arm controlled by a metal lever, moves. 1972D. Pryde Nunaga i. 16 The ice is eight feet thick on the lakes and it's almost impossible to set a net without a jigger. We had a jigger in here once and showed the Eskimos how to use it to string a net under the ice, but no one ever bothered to make one.
5. The name of numerous mechanical contrivances or devices, used in many trades and operations. Among these may be specified:
a. Pottery. A horizontal lathe used in china-making.
b. Mining. A hook or similar contrivance for attaching hutches or trams to a hauling rope, or for coupling them to each other.
c. A loose chain used as a warehouse crane.
d. A small roller, or set of rollers fitted in a suspended oscillating frame, used for graining leather.
e. A shoemaker's tool for polishing the edge of the sole of a boot.
f. A machine for hardening and condensing a felted fabric by repeated quick blows from rods, by a rapidly vibrating platen or platens, or by an intermittent rolling action.
g. Billiards. A slang name for the supporting rest, used when the ball is too far off to be reached by the cue if rested on the hand. h. A cooper's drawing-knife with a hollowing blade. (Knight Dict. Mech.) i. A small street-railway car, drawn by one horse. U.S. j. A machine worked by electricity and indicating by means of a pointer dial the prices at which sales are made on 'change. U.S. k. Mint. ‘A small weight which it is necessary, in certain cases, to add to a given number of coins to make an exact pound in weight’. (W. J. Hosking, Royal Mint.) l. Any small mechanical contrivance; a ‘thingummy’. U.S. colloq. m. Golf. A short iron-headed club used for approaching shots. n. Dyeing. A device for dyeing piece goods by passing them back and forth through a dye-bath over a set of rollers. o. A bicycle or small motor vehicle or hand-car. †p. Radio. A high-frequency transformer used in early spark transmitters to couple the aerial circuit to the circuit in which the oscillations were generated; an oscillation transformer. Obs. q. A light vehicle, esp. one that moves on rails. dial. and N.Z. (see E.D.D., sense 4). r. A ouija. s. A device for administering electric shocks (see quot. 1973).
a.1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 463 For forming saucers, and other small circular articles, there has been recently introduced a small vertical shaft, called a jigger, on the top of which is a turned head, suited to receive the mould on which the saucers, &c. are to be formed. 1881Porcelain Works, Worcester 21 The mould that gives the form to the face of the plate or saucer is fixed on a horizontal lathe called a jigger.
b.1888N. & Q. 7th ser. VI. 322/2, Jigger, an apparatus for attaching hutches to a haulage rope, which holds by twisting or biting the rope.
c.1891Labour Commission Gloss., Jigger boy, name given (at the Millwall Docks) to a boy working a jigger or loose chain. Ibid. s.v. Work, A jigger,..a loose chain worked not through the medium of a crane, but by hydraulic or steam power. 1900Dundee Advert. 21 Aug. 5 An increased charge for the use of the hydraulic jiggers.
d.1883Haldane Workshop Receipts Ser. ii. 374/1 A grain or polish is given to the leather, either by boarding or working under small pendulum rollers, called ‘jiggers’, which are engraved either with grooves or with an imitation of grain.
e.1850J. Struthers Poet. Wks. I. Autobiog. 38 A tool highly esteemed among them called a jigger.
g.1847Alb. Smith Chr. Tadpole xli. (1857) 347 The long cue and the ‘jigger’.
l.1874Hotten Slang Dict. 203 Jigger has many meanings, the word being applied to any small mechanical contrivance. 1926Amer. Speech I. 628/2 The term jigger has long been used of small mechanical devices... In America, jigger is often used as an indefinite name, not too dignified, of the same order as thingumbob. 1944H. Wentworth Amer. Dial. Dict. 328 Jigger, thingemajig.
m.1893H. G. Hutchinson Golfing 21 The learner will probably do better..to employ..—supposing that he finds he cannot play the short approaches with sufficiently dead loft off an ordinary iron—much-laid-back approaching cleek. On some links these are a great deal used, under the name of jiggers. 1931Punch 1 July 717/2 Fully-equipped Visitor. This looks a weird sort of hole. What on earth does one take here? Local player. One takes a jigger, if that's all one has. 1970H. Taylor Golf Dict., Jigger, an iron club, of value in all kinds of golfing situations.
n.1893E. Knecht et al. Man. Dyeing II. ix. 694 The modern jigger consists of a wooden or cast-iron dye vessel heated by steam and provided with water supply and waste-pipe. In the vessel are three rollers.. at the top and two..at the bottom, which guide the pieces in their passage through the dye-liquor. 1915T. Beacall et al. Dyestuffs & Coal-Tar Products iv. 82 The machine most frequently met with in the dyeing of cotton cloth is the jigger. In this machine the cloth in full width is passed through the dye liquor several times over guide rollers. 1963Meitner & Kertess tr. Schmidlin's Preparation & Dyeing Synthetic Fibres xi. 90 Although a discontinuous machine the automatic jigger is very suitable for de-sizing, boiling-off, bleaching and dyeing of heavy fabrics sensitive to creasing.
o.1897H. G. Wells in Humours of Cycling 7 ‘Pretty Jigger!’ said the Bounder... ‘Nice-looking machine you've got.’ 1930‘E. Bramah’ Little Flutter iv. 52 My little jigger is no good for a job like this. 1958Globe Mag. (Toronto) 9 Aug. 18/1 A jigger carrying eight men came belting around the mountains and ran smack into a moose. 1973Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 28 July 17/11 It takes a little time, too, to absorb the antique public school language... Jigger—a bicycle.
p.1902Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 230/2 The plugs of the sensitive tube..are joined to the terminals of the secondary circuit S′S′ of a small transformer, called a ‘jigger’. 1906J. A. Fleming Princ. Electr. Wave Telegr. vii. 437 If the oscillation transformer, or jigger, is not wound to suit the wave length employed, so far from being a benefit, it prevents any signals being received at all. 1924P. J. Risdon Wireless xii. 116 The oscillating current in the primary circuit induces, through the ‘jigger’ coils, as they were called, another current of the same frequency in the aerial circuit. 1937in ‘Decibel’ Wireless Terms Explained 41
q.1904‘G. B. Lancaster’ Sons o' Men 158 Two men sat on the little iron jigger that straddled the wooden tram-line. 1918N.Z.E.F. Chrons. 8 Nov. 179/1 At last I commenced the second stage—this time on a ‘jigger’, a frame on two rubber-tyred wheels which holds the stretcher. 1949E. de Mauny Huntsman in Career 162 Chancey..went off on the jigger down the narrow track into the bush each morning.
r.1916O. Lodge Raymond 186 Jigger. (A kind of Ouija.)
s.1972Sunday Sun (Brisbane) 26 Nov. 1/2 Battery operated jiggers are being used on mentally retarded children..to bring them into line. The electric shock treatment is followed by..lollies if they behave. 1973Sunday Mail Mag. (Brisbane) 25 Feb. 14/1 Occasionally, a blue spark would flash forth as a recalcitrant beast was touched with the ‘jigger’ (a battery-operated device carried over the shoulder and imparting an electric shock through an insulated rod held in the hand).
III. Various slang uses. (Possibly not related to the foregoing.)
6. a. A door.
1567Harman Caveat (1869) 85 Dup the gygger..open the doore. 1659Caterpillers anatomized, Gigers jacked, locked doors. 1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Jigger, a door. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour I. 314 Such men are always left outside the jigger (door) of the houses.
b. A prison or cell.
1896M. Pemberton Puritan's Wife xiii. 116, I would sooner have been in the gigger at Newgate.
c. A passage between or at the back of houses; a back entry or alley. Merseyside.
1902in Eng. Dial. Dict. 1966[see knee-trembler s.v. knee n. 14]. 1966P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 21 ‘A seen a scuffer up a jigger wid a rozzer’ (‘I saw two policemen in the side entry’). 1967A. Henri in Penguin Mod. Poets X. 16 A Polish gunman..collapses down a back jigger.
7. a. An illicit distillery.
1824Compl. Hist. Murder Mr. Weare 241 He said that Probert and two others were in the jigger at Gill's Hill. Ibid. 251, I kept a private jigger there, and it was never discovered. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour I. 387 They carry about their persons pint bladders of ‘stuff’, or ‘jigger stuff’ (spirit made at an illicit still).
b. A drink of spirits, a dram. Also, a small glass or metal cup, a measure used in mixing cocktails; the contents of such a glass or measure. (U.S.)
1836W. O'Bryan Narr. Trav. U.S. 107 These canal labourers have a boy to supply them with Whiskey, called a Jiggar boss, who goes on the canal and carries a half gill (half noggin) of Whiskey to every man sixteen times a day! 1870J. H. B. Nowland Early Reminisc. Indianapolis 361 By jiggers was meant a small cup of whiskey, say about a gill; they had cups made on purpose for this use. 1879N.Y. Herald 21 Nov. 8/2 A jigger..is a conical metal cup in which to mix fancy drinks. 1889Lisbon (Dakota) Star 15 Feb. 3/1 After giving him two small ‘jiggers’, the civilities were brought to an end. 1892A. E. Lee Hist. Columbus (Ohio) I. 335 The ‘jigger’ was a dram of less than a gill, taken [5 times a day]. 1946E. Holding Innocent Mrs. Duff 17 On a shelf there was a fine array of bottles, with jiggers of two sizes, swizzle sticks, glass mixers. 1946‘P. Quentin’ Puzzle for Fiends (1947) viii. 62 A jigger of liquor clutched between thumb and first finger. 1952S. Kaufmann Philanderer (1953) vii. 114 What I came out to ask you is, do you have any gin in the house and could you spare me a jigger? 1971R. Dentry Encounter at Kharmel ix. 148 A baker's dozen perversions for a jigger of vodka.
IV.
8. attrib. and Comb., as (senses 5 a, b) jigger-boy; jigger-block (see quot., and cf. sense 2 a); jigger-board N.Z. = jigger 1 c; jigger-dubber (slang), a turnkey (cf. sense 6); jigger mast Naut., (a) a small mast at the stern, on which a jigger (sense 2 b) is hoisted; (b) the aftermost mast of a four-masted merchant ship; jigger-pump, (a) a force-pump mounted on a portable stand and usually connected with a hose, used for watering flower-beds, etc.; (b) see quot; jigger-saw = jig-saw n.; jigger-tackle Naut. = sense 2 a; jigger-yard Naut., a yard on which the jigger (sense 2 b) is extended.
1859F. A. Griffiths Artil. Man. (1862) 107 If the strap be continued, so as to form a tail, at the end of the block which has no hook, the block is called a tail or *jigger block; and if a tackle have its moveable block so furnished, it is called a ‘jigger tackle’.
1944R. Gilberd in N.Z. New Writing III. 55 We would have given you..nerves to stand the narrow insecurity of the *jigger-board. 1961B. Crump Hang on a Minute 42 During the next few weeks Jack learned about scarfing, backing, limbing, deeing, sniping, jigger-boards, platforms, toms, strops, drives, triggers, and saw and axe sharpening. 1963N. Hilliard Piece of Land 176 The best thing of the day to watch, the three-tier jigger-board chop.
1869Good Words 1 Mar. 172/2 A plaster-of-Paris cast is placed on a disc which a handle-turning ‘*jigger-boy’ causes to revolve. 1921Jigger boy [see jiggerer].
1781G. Parker View Soc. II. 69 *Jigger-dubber is a term applied to Jailors or Turn⁓keys.
1831E. J. Trelawny Adv. younger Son xxiv, This dow had a large mast forward, and a *gigger-mast aft. 1835Sir J. Ross Narr. 2nd Voy. Explan. Terms 16 Jigger mast, a small mast at the stern, with a sail resembling a lug sail. 1879Black Macleod of D. xxxiv. 305 The red ensign clung to the jigger-mast. 1894Westm. Gaz. 15 May 7/2 Owing to the frightful rolling of the ship the steel masts gave way, all coming down, with the exception of the lower foremast, the mizen lower mast, the jigger lower mast and topmast, and the bowsprit.
1847–78Halliwell, *Jigger⁓pump, a pump used in breweries to force beer into vats.
1888Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. 197 *Jigger saw, or jig saw. 1957N.Z. Timber Jrnl. Sept. 61/1 Jigger saw, a reciprocating saw. A fret or scroll or jig saw, used for pierced and tracery work.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789), *Jigger Tackle, a light..tackle, consisting of a double and single block. 1797Gazetteer in Spirit Pub. Jrnls. (1799) I 76 D —n me! if I would not get a jigger-tackle upon you.
1842J. F. Cooper Jack o' Lantern I. 182 Three fair, handsome flags rose to the end of the Fen-Follett's *jigger-yard.
▪ II. jigger, n.2|ˈdʒɪgə(r)|
Also 8 chiger, 9 chigger, jigga.
[Corruption of ]
1. Also jigger flea = chigoe. The Latin name of the insect is now Tunga penetrans.
1756,1868[see chigoe]. 1781Smeathman in Phil. Trans. LXXI. 170, I know nothing similar, except in the pulex penetrans of Linnæus, the jigger of the West Indies. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1856) IV. 53, I am speaking of the celebrated Chigoe or Jiggers, called also Nigua, Tungua, and Pique. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 205 A touch of fever on him and jiggers in his feet. 1899Blackw. Mag. Nov. 635/1 Several Sepoys were suffering from that African pest the ‘jigger’. 1947H. Vaughan-Williams Visit to Lobengula xxvii. 176 Arthur's feet suffered badly from jigger fleas—horrid little tiny insects that burrow under the skin and lay a bunch of eggs there in a capsule. 1953New Biol. XIV. 120 Tunga penetrans, the tropical jigger flea of man, is the best-known of these [burrowing fleas]. 1962Gordon & Lavoipierre Entomol. for Students of Med. xxxv. 217 Both the male and the female jigger flea are blood-suckers.
2. Applied in U.S. to various harvest-ticks, such as Leptus americanus and L. irritans, which fasten on the human skin and cause great irritation.
▪ III. jigger, v.1 colloq.|ˈdʒɪgə(r)|
[? frequentative of jig v.]
1. intr. To make a succession of rapid jerks; said of a fish struggling to free itself from the hook.
1867F. Francis Angling ix. (1876) 328 When a fish ‘jiggers’ or keeps up a constant ‘jag, jag, jag’, at the line, it is a very unpleasant..symptom. 1891A. Lang Angling Sk. 118 He [a salmon] came slowly up, and ‘jiggered’ savagely at the line. 1895Daily News 1 Aug. 6/4 When he jiggers, a fish puts all he knows into a series of short rapid tugs.
2. orig. pass., usu. with up: to be tired out, exhausted; so, to be ‘done for’, devitalized. Also actively: to break, destroy, ruin. dial. and slang.
1862C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds 332 Jigger'd up, Av tramp'd a matter o' fotty mile to-daay, an' am fair jigger'd up. a1865Smyth Sailor's Word-Bk. (1867) 412 Jiggered-up, done up; tired out. 1885B. Brierley Ab-o' th-Yate in Yankeeland v. 42 A generation or two would see it jiggered up if it wurno' for th' fresh blood ut's bein sent into it. 1895‘G. Mortimer’ Like Stars that Fall xii. 167 Bates will jigger us if he can... I wouldn't trust that fellow. 1896Yorks. Weekly Post 6 June 6/8 T'chap wor reight jiggered up. 1923Daily Mail 13 June 12 I've ‘jiggered’ up my Rolls-Royce. 1949E. de Mauny Huntsman in Career 150 He jiggered up his ankle last Saturday. 1969Telegraph (Brisbane) 19 May 8/1 The firing pin's jiggered and the sights are sloppy.
Hence ˈjiggering vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1867F. Francis Angling ix. (1876) 328 I have lost many a jiggering fish.
Add:3. trans. To rearrange or adjust (statistics, procedures, etc.), esp. to produce the desired result; to manipulate, tamper with. Chiefly U.S.
1961F. Leiber Big Time (1965) 57 It's sweet to jigger reality, to twist the whole course of a man's life or a culture's, to ink out his or its past and scribble in a new one. 1976Forbes (N.Y.) 15 Nov. 129 Conventional price indexes..often jigger the market basket's content in an effort to minimize social changes that don't reflect changes in the quantity of money. 1980N.Y. Times 18 Dec. b5/4 To the extent that we keep jiggering it to meet special needs, this whole thing can fall down around our ears. 1992P. J. Plauger Standard C Libr. 199 Where it's possible, the linker can be jiggered to avoid the possibility.
▪ IV. jigger, v.2 slang or colloq.
[Origin disputed. It has been referred to jigger n.2, and to jigger n.1 sense 6 b: cf. next.]
Used as a vague substitute for a profane oath or imprecation, esp. in asseverations. (Only in passive.) Also ˈjiggering ppl. a. and intensive adv.
1837Marryat Dog-Fiend xxxvi, I'm jiggered if he don't tell a lie. 1861Dickens Gt. Expect. xvii, ‘Well, then’, said he, ‘I'm jiggered if I don't see you home’. This penalty of being jiggered was a favourite supposititious case of his. He attached no definite meaning to the word that I am aware of. 1886F. H. Burnett Lit. Ld. Fauntleroy ii. (1892) 23 ‘Well’, said Mr. Hobbs, ‘I'll be—jiggered!’ This was an exclamation he always used when he was very much astonished or excited. 1903Daily Chron. 14 Sept. 3/3 Once you've made up your mind, as you may say, about a young man, you've got to be jiggerin' well careful you don't go and lose him. a1950X. Herbert in Murdoch & Drake-Brockman Austral. Short Stories (1951) 301 Take the lot. Take the rintin' jiggerin' lot!
▪ V. jigger, v.3 slang.
[app. f. jigger n.1 sense 6 b.]
trans. To shut up, imprison.
1887Hall Caine Deemster xxxiii, Poor Mastha Dan had been..jiggered up in Peel Castle.
▪ VI. ˈjigger, v.4 Pottery.
[f. jigger n.1 5 a.]
trans. To shape with a jigger.
1931W. H. Warburton Hist. Trade Union Organization in Potteries xi. 208, I will try and get the price you want for this article, but you must remember that this..is being jiggered by a firm in the next town at a much less price. 1967M. Chandler Ceramics in Mod. World ii. 63 Shaping methods..include..throwing, jollying or jiggering, plastic pressing, and extrusion.
▪ VII. ˈjigger, v.5 Bookbinding.
[? f. jigger n.1]
trans. To rub (a tool) backwards and forwards along a line or other impression in a leather binding, in order to polish it. Hence ˈjiggering vbl. n.
1880J. W. Zaehnsdorf Art of Bookbinding xxii. 114 The lines impressed on the back must now have their gloss given to them. This is done by giggering the pallets over them. 1901D. Cockerell Bookbinding xv. 224, I have found that a tool guided by a straight-edge, and ‘jiggered’ backwards and forwards, makes by far the best lines for blind-tool work. 1946E. Diehl Bookbinding II. xxiii. 352 It [sc. the fillet] is then pushed over the line a few times with a ‘jiggering’ motion, until the line is polished. 1951L. Town Bookbinding by Hand x. 229 The tool can be put down again and rocked slightly. This gives a polished surface as well as a darkened one, and is known as ‘jiggering’. 1963B. C. Middleton Hist. Eng. Craft Bookbinding Technique xii. 167 The tools are usually rocked or jiggered to produce a polish. |