| 释义 |
reins, n. pl. Now arch.|reɪnz|
Forms: (1 renys), 4 reenes, -us, 4–7 reynes, (4 reynyez, 5 reynys, 5, 7 reyns), 5–7 raynes, 6–7 raines, (6 rains), reines, 4, 7– reins. Also sing. 7 reyn.
[a. OF. reins, rens, ad. L. rēnes pl.]
1. The kidneys.
[c1000Sax. Leechd. III. 140 ᵹif hyt byþ of renys oþþer þan lendene þanne cumþ þæt blod of þara blæddran.] 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 369 He hadde afterward greet penaunce in an evel þat hatte ilium and greveþ faste by þe reynes. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 27 Þei hangen & bynden summe membris wiþ oþere as þe reynes to þe rigge. 1450–80tr. Secreta Secret. 31 Disese cometh in thi Reyns. 1586Cogan Haven Health cl. (1636) 147 The Reynes or Kidneys make grosse and ill bloud. 1596P. Barrough Meth. Physick iii. xxxvii. (1639) 159 The reines are vexed with inflammation for diverse causes. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 346 Spirits..Vital in every part, not as frail man In Entrailes, Heart or Head, Liver or Reines. 1707Floyer Physic. Pulse-Watch 353 So from the Reins the Liver is generated, from that the Heart, from that the Stomach. 1870Bryant Homer II. xxi. 289 Eels and fishes came and gnawed The warrior's reins.
2. The region of the kidneys; the loins.
1382Wyclif Ezek. ix. 2 O man..clothid with lynnen, and an ynkhorn of a wryter in his reynes. 1390Gower Conf. III. 370 Sche hath my wounded herte enoignt, My temples and my Reins also. c1475Partenay 4325 Gaffray gripte he there faste by the raynes, Ech of thaim both suffryng there hug[e] paynes. c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 1068 Gyrte thy raynes as a man. 1572Walsingham in D. Digges Complete Ambass. (1655) 344 The Count de Retz is hurt in the rains of the back with a harquebush shot out of Rochel. 1633T. Stafford Pac. Hib. xiii. (1821) 150 Receeving a blow with a Peece upon the reines of his backe. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 168 [The] Rock..bears the marks, as if a Body had been laid on the Back upon it, for the form of the Reins appear there. 1814Cary Dante, Inf. xx. 13 Each..seem'd to be revers'd At the neck-bone, so that the countenance Was from the reins averted. 1865Swinburne Poems & Ball., Song in Time of Rev. 27 They are girdled about the reins with a curse.
b. Arch. (See quot. 1727–38.)
After F. les reins d'une voûte.
1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v. Vault, Reins, or fillings up of a Vault, are the sides which sustain it. 1751C. Labelye Westm. Bridge 21 This upper Arch is..thicker in the Reins, or towards the Bottom, than at the Key or Top. 1872Shipley Gloss. Eccl. Terms 184 The space between the crown and the reins of the arch.
3. In or after Biblical use: The seat of the feelings or affections.
13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 592 For he is þe gropande god,..Rypande of vche a ring þe reynyez & hert. 1382Wyclif Ps. vii. 10 God serchende hertis and reenes. ― Wisd. i. 6 Of the reenus of hym witnesse is God. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 224, I am nere to theyr mouthes, but I am ferre from theyr raynes [cf. Wyclif Jer. xii. 2]. c1580Sidney Ps. vii. x, Thou righteous proofes to hartes and reines dost send. 1603T. M. Progr. Jas. I B 3 b, Griefe seized euery priuate mans raynes. 1659Gentl. Calling To Bookseller, A Manual which..will lively affect, and sit close to the Reins, and penetrate the Heart of the Reader. 1738Wesley Ps. cxxxix. iii. ii, Thy Hand my Heart and Reins possest. 1896A. E. Housman Shropshire Lad xxx, Through their reins in ice and fire Fear contended with desire.
4. attrib. and Comb., as † rein-guard, rein-gut; rein-trying adj.
1382Wyclif 2 Sam. xx. 8 Joab was..gird with a knyif hongynge vnto the reyn gottys in the sheethe. 1823Crabb Technol. Dict., Rein-guard (Mil.), that part of armour which guarded the lower part of the back. 1827Pollok Course T. x, Rein-trying, heart-investigating day. |