| 释义 |
▪ I. jog, n.1|dʒɒg|
Also 7–8 jogg.
[f. jog v.]
1. The act of jogging a thing or person (see jog v. 1, 2); a shake; a slight push; a nudge.
1635Quarles Embl. iv. iv. (1718) 202, I have none to guide me With the least jog. 1693Evelyn Refl. Agric. xviii. 69 in De la Quint. Compl. Gard., To pull up the Weight, and give a little Jog to the Pendulum. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 330 A little breeze of wind..which..gave them a kind of a Jog on their way towards the shore. 1755Ramsay To James Clerk 72 Should dreary care then stunt my muse, And gar me aft her jogg refuse? 1881Besant & Rice Chapl. of Fleet i. xii, The man Roger gave the dazed bridegroom a jog in the ribs. 1896Westm. Gaz. 20 Feb. 1/2 The perpendicular jog usually experienced in dog-carts..and also the side-to-side jog due to a horse with each step pulling first against one trace, then against the other.
2. a. The act of jogging or moving mechanically up and down. b. The act of jogging along (see jog v. 4); a slow measured walk, trot, or run; also transf., e.g. of the rhythm of verse.
1611Cotgr., Cahot, the iumpe, hop, or iog of a coach, etc., in a rugged, or vneuen, way. 16..in W. Blundell Crosby Rec. 135 Sir Humphrey Stapleton..hath hit very right of the jog of an English style in his version of ‘Strada’. 1667H. More Div. Dial. v. xxv. (1713) 483 Not caring to bespatter others in this high jogg, as he himself was finely bespattered from others. 1889Mrs. Oliphant Poor Gentleman xlviii, A carriage..was coming along with the familiar jog of a hack carriage which is paid for at so much an hour. 1890‘Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 319 The slow, hopeless, leg-weary jog to which most of the horses..had long been reduced. 1948Oxf. Pocket Bk. Athletic Training iii. 32 A very slow jog, where the runner lands flat-footed with a slight jarring action. 1969[see jog v. 4].
▪ II. jog, n.2
Also 8 jogg.
[In sense 1 var. of jag n.1; in senses 2 and 3, cf. joggle n.2]
1. A projecting point on an edge or surface; = jag n.1 4; a protuberance, swelling. rare. ? Obs.
1715tr. Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. II. App. 440 The Beginnings..are a little rude..till the little Jogs are rubbed off by Experience and Time. 1744–50W. Ellis Mod. Husbandm. III. ii. 73 (E.D.S.) Hogs..jogged under their throats..we discharge by cutting, or running a red-hot iron through the bunch or jogg. Ibid. IV. i. 127.
2. A right-angled notch, recess, or step, in a surface; any space cut out by such a notch. U.S.
‘In the States, jog is used to signify any deviation from a straight line or even surface’ (Farmer Americanisms, 1889).
1881Morgan Contrib. Amer. Ethnol. 157 The thickness of the main wall..diminishing every story by retreating jogs on the inside, from bottom to top. 1884B. B. Warfield in Chr. Treas. Feb. 91/1 The parts historically dovetail together, jog to jog, into one connected and consistent whole. 1893Mahan Sea Power & Fr. Rev. iii. 80 Her [Spain's] maritime advantages were indeed diminished by the jog which Portugal takes out of her territory.
3. Cryst. A step in a dislocation where it passes from one atomic plane to another.
1951N. F. Mott in Proc. Physical Soc. LXIV. b. 733 Supposing one of the expanding dislocation loops..cuts a screw dislocation, pictured as perpendicular to the plane of the paper. This will normally happen several times in the expansion of a loop in a real crystal. The loop will then necessarily contain what we call a ‘jog’, i.e. a point where the dislocation jumps from one slip plane to an adjacent one. 1955Rep. Conf. Defects Crystalline Solids 1954 (Physical Soc.) 391 If the section of the dislocation between the two parallel planes has a length of the order of the atomic distance, it is called a dislocation jog. 1960New Scientist 6 Oct. 915/3 There is a theory based on the strain fields round the dislocations and the way they attract and repel each other, and a theory based on the way they get kinky (‘jogs’ is the technical word) when they cut through each other. 1966C. R. Tottle Sci. Engin. Materials iv. 98 If the jog climbs, by moving into another slip plane, point defects are created, but the screw dislocation containing the jog can continue to slip.
▪ III. jog, v.|dʒɒg|
Forms: 6–7 iogge, 7 jogg, 7– jog, (9 Sc. jag).
[Known only from 16th c.; origin unascertained: app. onomatopœic, and akin to shog, which is to some extent synonymous and of earlier appearance.
The suggestion of a Celtic origin is not tenable. English phonology knows nothing of a change of go to jo. And the alleged Welsh gogi, given by Pughe as ‘to shake, agitate’, has no existence (Prof. Rhys).
For a vb. jog, jogge, which appears in Piers Plowman, varying with jagge, and jugge, see jug v.4 Jogis in Wars of Alexander I. 1507 (where the two texts differ widely, and are both corrupt) is evidently an error for some other word.]
1. a. trans. To shake or move (a heavy body) with a push or jerk; to throw up with a jerk; to shake up.
1548Cooper Elyot's Biblioth., Succutio, to shake a thyng, to iogge vp, to lifte as the horse that trotteth harde lifteth one at euery steppe in the saddle. 1591Lyly Sappho iv. iii, I thinke all her teeth will be loose, they are so often jogged against her tongue. 1640Bp. Reynolds Passions xvii. 182 The Seamans needle which is jogged and troubled, never leaves moving till it finde the North point againe. a1648Digby Closet Open. (1677) 109 Perfectly sweet cream, that hath not been jogged with carriage. a1770Chatterton Exhibition in Harper's Mag. (1883) July 236/1 The prudent Mayor jogged his dinner down. 1878Clark Russell Wreck ‘Grosvenor’ vi, Large masses of this froth..were jogged clean off the water, and struck the deck or sides of the ship with reports like the discharge of a pistol.
b. fig.
1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iii. x. 175 What wonder is it if agitation of businesse jog that out of thy head? 1688Bunyan Jerusalem Sinner (1886) 119 Art thou jogged, and shaken, and molested at the hearing of the Word? a1734North Lives, Ld. Guildford (1745) 239 This very project of getting the general gaol delivery of recusants..was jogged upon his lordship to have had it been moved by him.
2. a. To give a slight push to, so as to shake; to nudge; esp. so as to arouse to attention.
1589Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 45 Doron iogde Melicertus on the elbowe, and so awakte him out of a dreame. c1620Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 12 Though I him jog and shake, its all in vaine. 1643Prynne Sov. Power Parlt. App. 195 Shall he pull those by the eares who are asleepe, or onely jogge them by the sides? 1663Butler Hud. i. iii. 765 He jogg'd his good Steed nigher And steer'd him gently toward the Squire. 1725Pope Odyss. xiv. 545 Sudden I jogg'd Ulysses, who was laid Fast by my side. 1889J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts 32 A bored-looking man, with a fashionably-dressed woman jogging his elbow.
b. fig.: esp. to jog the memory.
1601Sir W. Cornwallis Disc. Seneca (1631) 10 Providence..jogs him, if vaine pleasures lull him in sensuality. a1764Lloyd Poems, Shakespeare, Jog them, lest attention sink, To tell them how and what to think. 1778(title) An Antidote to Popery; or, the Protestant's Memory jogg'd in Season. 1825Lamb Elia Ser. ii. The Convalescent, Jogging this witness, refreshing that solicitor. 1840Lady C. Bury Hist. of Flirt xi, I jogged his memory by reverting to our water-party. 1874C. Keene Let. in Life vii. (1892) 165, I often jog him up with a letter, but he never answers.
3. intr. To move up and down or to and fro with a heavy unsteady motion; to move about as if shaken.
1586Bright Melanch. xl. 268 When the meate is perceaued to be loose and iogge in the stomach. 1611Cotgr., Cahoter, to iumpe, iog, or hop, as a coach in vneuen way. 1676Hobbes Iliad i. 50 His bow and quiver both behinde him hang, The arrows chink as often as he jogs. 1852Mrs. Smythies Bride Elect viii, His sisters-elect, jigging and jogging in a mad polka. 1858Greener Gunnery 370 One projection..would make the ball jog and oscillate much after the manner that has been described. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. iii. xiv, Mr. Venus listened to these lamentations in silence, while Mr. Boffin jogged to and fro.
4. a. intr. To walk or ride with a jolting pace, ‘to move with small shocks like those of a low trot’ (J.); to move on at a heavy or laboured pace, to trudge; hence, to move on, go on, be off. More recently, to run at a gentle pace (esp. as part of a ‘keep-fit’ schedule).
1565[see jogging vbl. n.]. 1590Greene Mourn. Garm. (1616) 38 He bade his man bee iogging. 1596Lambarde Peramb. Kent (ed. 2) 229 This Iade..driuen (as it were) by some diuine furie, neuer ceassed iogging till he came at the Abbay church doore. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. iii. ii. 213 There lies your way, You may be iogging whiles your bootes are greene. 1630Dekker 2nd Pt. Honest Wh. Wks. 1873 II. 145 Has thy husband any Lands?..any Ploughs iogging? 1663Butler Hud. i. i. 631 Few miles on Horseback had they jogged. a1754Fielding Fathers i. ii, A Knight of the Shire used to jog to town with a brace of geldings. 1821Clare Vill. Minstr. I. 26 The load jogg'd homeward down the lane. 1833L. Ritchie Wand. by Loire 182 You may see the farmer and his farmeress jogging to market..on their respective steeds. 1876Green Stray Stud. 51 The women sing as they jog down the hill-paths. 1968‘E. V. Cunningham’ Margie ix. 156 Fenton, who was jogging in place to keep his circulation up, explained that they were in a local elevator. 1969Age (Melbourne) 24 May 17/4 Latest to join the ‘jog’ set is Sir Reginald Sholl, who was seen jogging around Fawkner Park. 1970N. Armstrong et al. First on Moon ii. 37 There would be little time..to read or jog on the beach.
b. esp. with on, along.
1611Shakes. Wint. T. iv. iii. 132 Iog-on, Iog-on the foot⁓path way, And merrily hent the Stile-a. c1631Milton 2nd Poem Univ. Carrier 4 While he might still jog on and keep his trot. 1697W. Dampier Voy. (1729) I. 172 We jogged on after this with a gentle gale. 1758Capt. Tyrrel in Naval Chron. X. 359 Whilst I made all the sail I could, they were jogging on under their foresails and top-sails. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian xii. (1824) 596 But Paulo..jogged merrily along. 1892Anne Ritchie Rec. Tennyson, etc. iii. iv. 187 Our old white horse jogged steadily on.
c. fig. In reference to time, or continued action of any kind. Chiefly jog along, on.
1677A. Horneck Gt. Law Consid. iv. (1704) 142 Unwillingness to lose a temporal advantage makes them jogg on in a course which perhaps they do dislike. 1683Kennett tr. Erasm. on Folly 23 To jog sleepingly through the world..cannot properly be said to live. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 282 Through all these Scenes, Time keeps jogging on. 1702C. Mather Magn. Chr. i. iii. (1852) 57 So they jogged on till the day twelvemonth after their first arrival. 1803Scott Fam. Lett. 6 Mar. (1894) I. i. 18 My worldly matters jog on very well. 1847A. Brontë Agnes Grey xxii. 325 They're jogging along as usual, I suppose. 1893F. F. Moore I forbid Banns (1899) 14, I want things to jog along as quietly as possible. Jogging along is true happiness, if people only knew it.
Hence ˈjogging ppl. a.
1886Stevenson Kidnapped i, He..set off..by the way that we had come at a sort of jogging run.
▪ IV. jog v.
obs. form of jag v.1; see also jug v.4
▪ V. jog, jogg, n. and v.
see jougs. |