| 释义 |
Joule-Thomson|dʒuːl ˈtɒmsən|
The names of James Prescott Joule (1818–89), English physicist, and Sir William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (see Kelvin), used attrib. with reference to an effect discovered jointly by them, viz. the change of temperature of a gas that occurs when it expands through a porous plug or a throttle without doing external work, the gas being heated or cooled according as it is initially above or below its inversion temperature (which is above room temperature for most gases).
1899Proc. Physical Soc. XVI. 454 He desires to indicate the relation which must exist between the formula assigned to the Joule-Thomson effect, considered as a function of the temperature, and the particular form adopted for the characteristic equation of a gas. Ibid. 464 The Joule-Thomson results..were necessary for the establishment of the thermodynamic scale [of temperature]. 1930Engineering 7 Feb. 163/3 The first commercial pure oxygen which Carl Linde put on the market in 1902 was prepared by the application of the Joule-Thomson effect. 1957G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. iii. 207 The amount of change in temperature per unit change of pressure is known as the Joule-Thomson coefficient. 1966D. G. Brandon Mod. Techniques Metallogr. 221 Miniaturized liquid-hydrogen refrigerators based on Joule-Thomson cooling are now available commercially. |