| 释义 |
Juggernaut, ‖ Jagannāth|ˈdʒʌgənɔːt|
Also 7 Jaggarnat, Jagannat, -ernot, 8 Jagernaut, (-arynat), 8–9 Jaganaut, 9 Jaggernaut, Jaga-Naut, (Jaghernaut, Jugunnath); and with lower-case initial.
[a. Hindī Jagannāth:—Skr. Jagannātha ‘lord of the world’, f. jagat world + nātha lord, protector. (The short a in Hindī is = (ʌ), whence the Eng. spelling Jugger-, with u and er.)]
1. Hindu Myth. A title of Kṛishṇa, the eighth avatar of Vishṇu; spec., the uncouth idol of this deity at Pūrī in Orissa, annually dragged in procession on an enormous car, under the wheels of which many devotees are said to have formerly thrown themselves to be crushed. Also attrib.
The first European account of the Juggernaut festival, and its attendant immolations, is that by Friar Odoric, c 1321. See Yule, Cathay and the Way thither 28.
1638W. Bruton in Hakluyt Voy. (1812) V. 56–7 Vnto this Pagod..doe belong 9,000 Brammines or Priests, which doe dayly offer Sacrifice vnto their great God Iaggarnat... And when it [the chariot] is going along the City, there are many that will offer themselves a sacrifice to this Idoll. 1682Hedges Diary 16 July I. 30 We lay by all last night till 10 o'clock this morning, y⊇ Captain being desirous to see y⊇ Jagernot Pagodas. 1727A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. I. 384 Jagarynat..his Effigie is often carried abroad in Procession, mounted on a Coach four Stories high. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 555 In this province stands the idolatrous temple of Jaganaut. 1814Asiat. Jrnl. (Y.), Juggernaut made some progress on the 19th, and has travelled daily ever since. 1825A. Stirling in Asiat. Res. XV. 324 That excess of fanaticism which formerly prompted the pilgrims to court death by throwing themselves in crowds under the wheels of the car of Jagannáth, has happily long ceased. 1827Poynder in Asiat. Jrnl. XXIII. 702/1 About the year 1790, no fewer than twenty-eight Hindoos were crushed to death..under the wheels of Juggernaut. 1878N. Amer. Rev. CXXVII. 342 The temple and worship of Jagannath.
2. fig. An institution, practice, or notion to which persons blindly devote themselves, or are ruthlessly sacrificed. Also Juggernaut car in same sense.
1854J. W. Warter Last Old Squires iv. 32 A neighbouring people were crushed beneath the worse than Jaggernaut car of wild and fierce democracy. 1865Longfellow in Life (1891) III. 66 The locomotive is the American Juggernaut. 1865Ouida Strathmore I. vi. 89 Society falls down before the Juggernaut of a Triumph. 1873J. Forster Dickens II. xix. 415 Poor Johnny Tetterby staggering under his Moloch of an infant, the Juggernaut that crushes all his enjoyments. 1878Edison in N. Amer. Rev. CXXVI. 536 Details..will wholly disappear before that remorseless Juggernaut—‘the needs of man’. 1883Standard 3 Sept. 4/6 (Stanf.) Practical politics, that Revolutionary Juggernaut that grinds us all under its car.
3. (Now with lower-case initial.) A large heavy vehicle; spec. a heavy lorry.
In quot. 1927 prob. just an ordinary motor car.
1841Thackeray Second Funeral Napoleon iii. 58 Fancy, then,..the body landed at day-break..and transferred to the car; and fancy the car, a huge Juggernaut of a machine. 1927W. G. M. Dobie Game-Bag & Creel 20 How gladly would I have him killed or shot, That blind, fat fool who drove the Juggernaut! 1946G. Tyrwhitt-Drake Eng. Circus & Fair Ground xvii. 198 In 1919 I bid {pstlg}900 for one of these juggernauts [sc. a traction engine] to use for hauling my circus equipment. 1969Evening Star (Ipswich) 28 Apr. 16/2 Experienced colleagues of mine are concerned about container lorries—the 30-ton juggernauts—which are completely disregarding speed limits. 1972Guardian 30 Nov. 32/6 (headline) No entry for juggernauts. Ibid., The juggernaut lorry will be kept out. 1972Oxford Mail 11 Dec. 3/3 A plan to banish the juggernaut lorry from many Oxfordshire village roads is being prepared. 1973Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) 7 Aug. 8/6 (caption) Sunshine and shade in the Church Square, Ballater. Continental juggernauts, on their way to the west coast, would certainly change this peaceful scene. 1973Daily Tel. 10 Aug. 3, French police were last night interviewing 27 Asians—17 Pakistanis and 10 Indians found in Calais under a false floor in a juggernaut bound for Britain.
Hence ˈJuggernaut v. trans., to crush to death as a victim; ˈJuggernautish, ˈJuggernautal adjs., of the nature or character of Juggernaut.
1819Abeillard & Heloisa 340 Glad should we be to put the bridle On ev'ry Jaggernautish idol. 1830Examiner 651/1 After Mr. Huskisson had been Juggernauted. 1860All Year Round No. 47. 492, I escape with difficulty being Juggernauted to death by the ponderous wheels of the ox-waggons. 1888Harper's Mag. Jan. 190/1 An asthmatic pug sought a Juggernautal fate between the ponderous wagon wheels. |