| 释义 |
juku, n.
Brit. |ˈdʒuːkuː|, U.S. |ˈdʒuku|
Plural unchanged, -s
Forms: [In sense 1 with capital initial.]
[‹ Japanese juku private tutoring school, (earlier) gate-room ‹ Middle Chinese źi̯uk gate-room, such a room used as a school (equivalent to modern Chinese (Mandarin) shú, (Cantonese) suhk vestibule, family school, village school).]
I. Compounds.
1. Juku system n. (in Japan) an educational system based on a European and U.S. model of progressive education, which works within the framework of private schools and provides a variety of practical and vocational skills taught in addition to a Western-style core curriculum. rare.
1931N.Y. Times 4 Jan. 23 New teaching idea spreads in Japan. Obara, founder of the Juku system explains its aims and progress.
II. Simple uses.
2. In Japan: (originally) a private tutoring school run by a single tutor (hist.); (now) a private school or college attended in addition to an ordinary educational institution; spec. an institution that prepares pupils for an examination intensively over a short period of time.
1962Past & Present 21 71 It was an outgrowth, of course, of the scholar's private juku where pupil-apprentices gathered at the foot of the master. 1967J. Singleton Nichū iv. 49 Twenty of the forty pupils hoping for a high school education had received special private tutoring in their own homes..or at local classes (juku). 1979Globe & Mail (Toronto) 12 Jan. 10/2 In Japan, juku schools are for everyone, starting from kindergarten to the final year of high school. 1983L. E. Riggs in Discover Japan II. 84 Juku have increased in number so rapidly over the last decade that this has been called the ranjuku jidai, ‘the age of madly proliferating juku’. 1993Maclean's 9 Nov. 68/1 From 6 p.m. to 9 p.m., four times a week, he studies math and Japanese at one of Japan's famous jukus, privately run cram schools that offer students extra tutoring. |