| 释义 |
ˈjury-ˌmast
[Origin unknown.
App. either a corruption of some earlier name, or a jocular appellation invented by sailors. For the suggestion that it may have been short for injury-mast, no supporting evidence has been found.]
1. Naut. A temporary mast put up in place of one that has been broken or carried away.
1616Capt. Smith Descr. New Eng. 50 We had reaccommodated her a Iury mast, and the rest, to returne for Plimouth. 1627― Seaman's Gram. iv. 18 A Iury Mast, that is, when a Mast is borne by the boord, with Yards, Roofes, Trees, or what they can, spliced or fished together they make a Iury-mast. 1750T. R. Blanckley Naval Expos. 84 Jury Mast. Whatever is set up in the Room of a Mast lost in a Fight, or by a Storm, and fastened into the Partners, and fitted with a lesser Yard, Sails, and Ropes, is called a Jury Mast. 1782in Nicolas Disp. Nelson (1845) I. 55 We have been employed since in getting jury-masts yards and bowsprit, and stopping the holes in our sides. 1847Ld. G. Bentinck in Croker Papers (1884) III. xxv. 144 To keep the dismantled ship floating and fighting under jury-masts.
b. So jury foremast, jury mainmast, etc.
1719De Foe Crusoe ii. ii, Having no sails..but a main course, and a kind of square sail upon a jury fore-mast. 1748Anson's Voy. iii. i. 297 We saw her main-top mast, which had hitherto served as a jury main-mast, share the same fate. 1836Marryat Midsh. Easy (1863) 190 Before the day was over, a jury-foremast had been got up.
c. transf. An apparatus employed in the treatment of Pott's disease, to keep the spinal column straight, and prevent lateral curvature.
1883Holmes & Hulke Syst. Surgery (ed. 3) II. 413 In Professor Sayre's Plaster of Paris Corset and Jury-mast..we have a much better appliance. 1894Lancet 3 Nov. 1029.
2. Hence jury- is used in comb. to designate other parts of a ship put together or contrived for temporary use, as jury-rig, jury-rigging (whence jury-rig v., jury-rigged ppl. a.), jury-rudder, jury-tiller; and humorously of other things as jury-buttocks; jury-leg, a wooden leg, or any contrivance to supply the place of a disabled leg (whence jury-legged a.); jury meal.
1666Denham Direct. Painter ii. (1667) 25 Guard thy Posterior least all be gone; Though Jury-Masts, tho'hast Jury-buttocks none. 1751Smollett Per. Pic. I. vi, You jury-legged dog. 1788T. Newte Tour Eng. & Scot. 116 The ships to be jury rigged: that is, to have smaller masts, yards, and rigging, than would be required for actual service. 1840Marryat Poor Jack xxiii, Having jury-rigged her aft, we steered our course. 1844Macaulay Misc., Barère (1860) II. 127 She may come safe into port under jury rigging. 1850Tait's Mag. XVII. 422/2 To rig him out with a sort of jury-leg, manufactured for the nonce from a young tree. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Jury-rudder, a contrivance..for supplying a vessel with the means of steering when an accident has befallen the rudder. 1883Century Mag. Oct. 944/1 The steward..had a jury-meal rigged up in presentable shape.
b. Hence jury is also taken independently as an adj. = temporary, makeshift.
1821Byron Let. to Rogers 21 Oct., I have..some jury chairs and tables. 1833Marryat P. Simple xlvi, Rig something jury forward, and follow me. 1835Sir J. Ross Narr. 2nd Voy. iii. 38 We..set up the new topmast in place of the jury one. |