| 释义 |
karyosome
(ˈkærɪəʊˌəʊm.)
[f. karyo- + Gr. σῶµα body; in sense 1, ad. G. karyosoma (M. Ogata 1883, in Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol. (Physiol. Abt.) 414).]
1. a. A body of chromatin in a nucleus resembling a nucleolus but distinguished from the ‘true’ nucleolus or plasmosome. b. Any densely staining central body of a nucleus.
1889[see hyalosome s.v. hyalo-]. 1890Waldeyer in Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. XXX. 168 Distinguished as..‘karyosomes’, bodies that are stained blue;..‘plasmasomes’, which stain red;..‘hyalosomes’, which are not stained. 1896E. B. Wilson Cell i. 24 The bodies known by this name [sc. nucleolus] are of at least two different kinds. The first of these, the so-called true nucleoli or plasmosomes.., are of spherical form... Those of the other form, the ‘net-knots’ (Netzknoten), or karyosomes, are either spherical or irregular in form, stain like the chromatin, and appear to be no more than thickened portions of the chromatic network. 1901G. N. Calkins Protozoa v. 146 In most cases they [sc. the nuclei of Sporozoa] consist of a firm and resisting membrane containing a single large chromatin reservoir or karyosome. 1920L. Doncaster Introd. Study Cytol. ii. 18 The karyosome or chromatic nucleolus is a mass of chromatin of varying size... It appears to serve as a reservoir of chromatin from which the chromosomes..may draw part at least of their supply when nuclear division is approaching. 1926G. N. Calkins Biol. Protozoa ii. 60 The centrally placed intranuclear body is generally described under the name karyosome, a term which has been so widely used by students of the Protozoa and for so many obviously different structures that it is practically synonymous with endosome or Binnenkörper. 1948W. Andrew tr. E.D.P. de Robertis's Gen. Cytol. iii. 59 In the fixed nucleus one can distinguish:..(4) in some nuclei there are found larger and denser flakes of chromatin situated in the chromonemata, the chromocenters or karyosomes, also called false nucleoli or chromatin nucleoli. 1961Mackinnon & Hawes Introd. Study Protozoa i. 12 The term karyosome (the endosome of some authors) is here used descriptively as the name of any conspicuous, deeply staining body lying in the nuclear sap, without regard to its constitution. Undoubtedly some karyosomes are really nucleoli (Trichomonas vaginalis) and they disappear during mitosis; others play an important part in that process (Naegleria) and some are Feulgen positive (Trichomonas sanguisugae). 1969Brown & Bertke Textbk. Cytol. xvii. 320/1 The terms ‘karyosome’, ‘endosome’, and ‘central body’ are applied to nucleolus-like nuclear organelles that are permanent structures... Karyosomes, etc. are probably permanent nucleoli that undergo division and are found in numerous algae, protozoa, and some fungi.
†2. = nucleus n. 7. Obs.
1894S. Watasé in Biol. Lect. Marine Biol. Lab. Wood's Holl 1893 84 An animal cell may be described as composed of two sharply distinct organs: the cell body (cytosome), and the nucleus (caryosome). 1948[see karyology]. |