| 释义 |
reaver, reiver|ˈriːvə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 réafere, (hréaf-, réof-), 2–3 ræuere, (3 -are), 2–4 reuere, 4–5 reuour, 4–6 reu-, rever, 5–6 Sc. reu-, revar(e, 6–7 reauer, 6– reaver. Also 4 refar, 5 Sc. reffayr. β. 4 reyuour, 6 reyvar. γ. Sc. 5–6 reiffar, 6 reifar, 7 reivar, 6, 9 reiver, 9 riever.
[OE. réafere, agent-n. f. réafian to reave v.1 = OFris. râvere, MDu. rover (Du. roover), MLG. rôver, OHG. roubari (MHG. roubære, rouber, G. räuber, † rauber). MSw. rövare (Sw. röfvare), MDa. rövere (Da. röver), and Icel. raufari (13th c.), reyfari (c 1400) are from MLG. rôver: see note to reave v.1, and cf. Eng. rover.
In mod. use the normal Eng. spelling reaver is less usual than the Sc. reiver (or riever), brought into literary use by Scott.]
1. A robber or plunderer; a marauder, raider. Occas. with of. Also transf. or fig.
αc888K. ælfred Boeth. xxxvii. §4 ᵹif þu on hwilcum men onᵹitst þæt he bið ᵹitsere & reafere. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xxii. 52 Suæ to hreafere [Rushw. reofere] ᵹie cuomon mið suordum. c1000ælfric Hom. II. 330 Sceaðan & reaferas, oððe reðe manslaᵹan. c1154O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 1137 Al þe tunscipe fluᵹæn for heom, wenden ðæt hi wæron ræueres. c1230Hali Meid. 29 Þeoues hit stelen ham, reaueres hit robbeð. a1300Cursor M. 2205 Þer wit was he [Nimrod]..Reuer and man-queller gret. c1400Apol. Loll. 77 Clerkis now are fals witnes aȝen þer lawis, & þefis, & refars, & fals intrewsars. c1440Gesta Rom. lxix. 386 (Add. MS.) The prophete seith, wo shall be Robbers and revers of pore mennes goodes. 1559Sackville Induct. Mirr. Mag. xlii, [Sleep] Reuer of sight, and yet in whom we see Thinges oft that tide. 1583T. Stocker Civ. Warres Lowe C. i. 6 b, The reauers and robbers of all churches and images. 1615Jackson Creed iv. viii. §2 [Bodies politic] the one hath reavers the other only plain thieves. 1721Kelly Scot. Prov. 284 Reavers should not be Ruers. 1846Sir W. Hamilton Diss. in Reid's Wks. 890 note, This paper is remarkable for the sagacity which tracks the footsteps of the literary reaver.
βc1380Sir Ferumb. 1798 For þov mayntenest þef reyuours,..To gon aboute & robby ous. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. xxiii, There is nother Englyshe, nor French, nor robbers, nor reyvars, yt dothe them any hurte.
γ1479Barbour's Bruce xiv. 441 (Edin. MS.) The fyscher..said, ‘Reiffar, thow mon her out’. 1553Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 148 The said Capitane of Norame reiffar of the said fyscheing. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 66 To theif and reiver he was ane sicker targe. a1615Brieue Cron. Erlis Ross (1850) 11 Scap⁓thriftis, alias reivars and sorneris. 1725Ramsay Gentle Sheph. iv. ii, Carried by some reiver's hand, Far frae his wishes. 1824Scott Redgauntlet ch. xi, Harry was none of your bold-speaking, ranting reivers. 1880McCarthy Own Times III. xxxii. 62 The chiefs of Oudh were reivers and bandits; the king was the head reiver and bandit.
attrib.1864J. C. Atkinson Stanton Grange 292 A gun might warn the reiver crow to be less audacious.
†2. A pirate, sea-robber (cf. sea-reaver). Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxi. (Clement) 305 Þare come in þe sithtware Reueris sayland. 1436Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 164 The commodytes of Pety Brytayne, wyth here revers on the see. c1470Henry Wallace ix. 87 The best wer man in se is ws beforn,..The Rede Reffayr thai call him. |