| 释义 |
▪ I. reject, n.|ˈriːdʒɛkt, formerly rɪˈdʒɛkt|
[orig. an absolute use of next; in later use f. the vb.]
1.
†a. One who is rejected; a castaway. Obs.
a1555Philpot Exam. & Writ. (Parker Soc.) 337 What if that multitude of men were..not of his elects, but of the rejects? 1622Jackson Judah must into Captivitie 4 The reject of the Lord.
b. One who is rejected or discarded by others, esp. as unsuitable for some activity (orig. for military service).
1925Glasgow Herald 13 Mar. 8/7 Probably the large proportion of rejects is not so much a symptom of national decadence as a result of the fact that the right sort of men are not coming forward in sufficient numbers. 1942Sun (Baltimore) 4 Nov. 9/4 He said that..the ‘army has been consistently uninterested in taking the rejects into conditioning battalions and reconditioning them’. 1971Sunday Express (Johannesburg) 28 Mar. 17/2 Time and again I have heard members at the turnstiles say that they would prefer to watch South African-born players rather than overseas rejects. 1974E. Tidyman Dummy vi. 87 The misborn and the unwanted..society's rejects. 1979R. Rendell Make Death love Me ii. 21 He knew someone who..was also a reject of the University of Kent.
2. A thing rejected as unsatisfactory.
1893Nation (N.Y.) 16 Feb. 125/1 The rough-chipped stones..are simply ‘rejects’. 1935H. C. Bryson Gramophone Record ix. 234 If rejects are kept below 15 per cent. with rigid examination, then efficiency is high. 1949J. Deketh Fund. Radio-Valve Technique vii. 61 If this fusing method were applied to values of the dimensions of the A-technique..there would be a higher percentage of rejects in manufacture. 1952, etc. [see export reject]. 1969[see culler 1 b].
3. attrib.
a. Appositive.
1955H. Kurnitz Invasion of Privacy (1956) ii. 17 This pioneer used a war surplus Eimo camera and ‘reject’ film which he developed in his bath tub. 1963R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking ii. 71 The lighter reject materials..are ejected through a special automatically controlled V-notch slide valve. 1965Wireless World July 22 (Advt.), Antex reduces operational fatigue, with resulting drop in reject output. 1977‘M. Yorke’ Cost of Silence ix. 69 His friends..had seen him with Madge and made a few cracks about reject models.
b. General attrib. uses.
1958Times 26 Feb. 8/4 The reject figures of Army recruits has [sic] given some cause for concern here. 1963R. R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking ii. 71 Heavy material which will not pass through the screen is continuously forced downwards into a reject trough and is removed from a heavy reject box connected to the bottom of the volute trough.
▪ II. † reˈject, pa. pple. and ppl. a. Obs.
[ad. L. reject-us, pa. pple. of rejicĕre to reject.]
Rejected; cast back or away.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) IV. 283 These childer entendenge the dethe of here fader were reiecte, and putte a wey from hym. 1491Caxton Vitas Patr. (W. de W. 1495) i. xlii. 68 b/2 By the power of god whyche wythstode her, she was reiecte and caste abacke from the yate. 1556Robinson More's Utop. ii. (ed. 2) (Arb.) 82 marg., Husbandrie..now a dayes is reiect vnto a fewe of the basest sort. 1582Bentley Mon. Matrones ii. 195 It is a manifest and great token, that man is reiect from the mercie and fauour of God.
▪ III. reject, v.|rɪˈdʒɛkt|
Also 6 Sc. rejekk-.
[f. L. reject-, ppl. stem of reicĕre (rejicĕre) to throw back, f. re- re- + jacĕre to throw. Cf. also obs. F. rejecter var. of rejetter, mod.F. rejeter: see jet v.2]
I.
1. a. trans. To refuse to recognize, († allow,) acquiesce in, submit to, or adopt (a rule, command, practice, etc.); to refuse credit to (a statement).
1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 351 Bothe those and other [ordinances] that were right necessary for y⊇ common weale of the cytie were reiected and put of. 1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 2 §5 It be laufull to ij of the Justices..to rejecte and put awey comen ale selling in Tounes. 1563Winȝet Four Scoir Thre Quest. Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 127 Quhy reiect ȝe and dispyssis the samin indifferentlie as superstitious or idolatrical..? 1611Bible Transl. Pref. ⁋4 It is a manifest falling away from the Faith..to reiect any of those things that are written. 1654Bramhall Just Vind. ii. (1661) 11 The Court of Rome would have obtruded upon us new articles of faith, [but] we have rejected them. 1736Butler Anal. Introd., Wks. 1874 I. 8 The whole method of government by punishments should be rejected as absurd. 1784Cowper Task vi. 981 Not that he peevishly rejects a mode Because that world adopts it. 1839Thirlwall Greece VI. 275 Nor perhaps ought we to reject the farther account..as a groundless fiction. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 375 He who rejects the law must find some other ground of objection.
b. absol. or intr. To be disobedient. rare—1.
1851Mayhew Lond. Labour II. 349/2 If they resist and reject, in what way do you force them up?
2. To refuse to have or take for some purpose; to set aside or throw away as useless or worthless.
1531Elyot Gov. ii. xxv. 86 b, What is to be effectually folowed or pursued, reiectinge the residue. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. Ep. Ded., Aristotle..reiecteth infantes and olde men as insufficient. 1611Bible Matt. xxi. 42 The stone which the builders reiected, the same is become the head of the corner. 1660Barrow Euclid Pref. (1714) 1 Having in a manner rejected and undervalued the other seven [books]. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 598 Reject him, lest he darken all the Flock. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) III. 176 The cow..eats two hundred and seventy-six plants, and rejects two hundred and eighteen. 1813Shelley Q. Mab iii. 170 Nature rejects the monarch, not the man; The subject, not the citizen. 1828D'Israeli Chas. I, II. iv. 87 At the present election, whoever had urged the payment of the loan was rejected.
absol.1850Browning Easter Day xxx. iii, So I..Go through the world, try, prove, reject, Prefer.
3. a. To refuse (something offered); to decline to receive or accept.
1671Milton P.R. ii. 457 What if with like aversion I reject Riches and Realms. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. viii. 2 The Love rejected and the Lover's pains I sing. 1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xxvii, Good counsel rejected, returns to enrich the giver's bosom. 1822Shelley tr. Calderon ii. 21 Hear'st thou, Hell! dost thou reject it? My soul is offered! 1871R. Ellis tr. Catullus xxiii. 24 Such prosperity..Slight not, Furius, idly nor reject not.
†b. To refuse to be something. Obs. rare—1.
1795Fate of Sedley I. 124 Would you suspect that a little rustic..could possibly reject to be the wife of a man endowed with rank, fortune and figure?
4. a. To expel from the mouth or stomach.
1667Milton P.L. x. 567 Bitter Ashes, which th' offended taste With spattering noise rejected. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet in Aliments, etc. 294 Tough Phlegm frequently rejected by Vomiting. 1825Lamb Elia ii. Barbara S―, When he crammed a portion of it [fowl] into her mouth, she was obliged sputteringly to reject it.
b. absol. or intr. To vomit. rare.
1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 502 As soon as the patient rejects, he may be allowed a little warm water, administered to him sparingly.
†5.
a. To dismiss (a person) from some relation to oneself; to cast off. Also const. from. Obs.
1530Palsgr. 683/1 He was ones rejected, howe fortuneth it that he cometh thus in favoure agayne? a1548Hall Chron., Henry VIII 200 b, That she should whole .xxij. yeres and more serue him as hys wyfe..and now to reiecte her, what Princely maner is that. 1611Bible 1 Sam. xv. 23 He hath also reiected thee from being king. ― Jer. vii. 29 The Lord hath reiected, and forsaken the generation of his wrath.
b. To cast off, abandon (a principle or condition). Obs.
1587Turberv. Trag. T. (1837) 127 As hee rejected quight The faith he should have borne Her husband. 1616Capt. Smith Wks. (Arb.) 532 At last, reiecting her barbarous condition, [she] was maried to an English Gentleman.
c. To dismiss from one's mind. Obs.—1
1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. iii. 180 Casting..asyd the commoune effairis of the Realme, reiecteng the commoune welth and contemneng the Nobilitie.
6. a. To repel or rebuff (one who makes advances of any kind); to refuse to accept, listen to, admit, etc.
1561J. Daus tr. Bullinger on Apoc. (1573) 182 Symon Magus also did couet the same grace: but he was sore reiected of S. Peter the Apostle. 1611Bible John xii. 48 He that reiecteth me, and receiueth not my words, hath one that iudgeth him. 1671Milton Samson 760 Not to reject The penitent, but ever to forgive. 1748Butler Serm. Wks. 1874 II. 315 Hospitals are often obliged to reject poor objects which offer..for want of room. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. l. V. 205 Whosoever hates or rejects any one of the prophets, is numbered with the infidels.
b. Of a woman: To refuse (a man) as lover or husband. Also with compl., and absol.
1581B. Rich Farewell Mil. Prof. Iiiij Seyng you haue so scornfully reiected me to be your loiall housbande. 1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 159 Then woo thy selfe, be of thy selfe reiected. 1712–14Pope Rape Lock i. 10 O say what stranger cause, yet unexplor'd, Could make a gentle Belle reject a Lord? Ibid. ii. 12 Oft she rejects, but never once offends. 1858Longfellow M. Standish vii. 8 Thus to be flouted, rejected, and laughed to scorn by a maiden.
†c. To deny (one who makes a request). Obs.—1
1611Bible Mark vi. 26 The king was exceeding sory, yet for his othes sake..hee would not reiect her.
d. Psychol. Of a parent or guardian: to spurn (a child) by denying it the normal emotional relationship between parent and offspring.
1931Smith Coll. Stud. in Soc Work I. 407 Case histories are presented showing the attitude toward their parents.., husbands, and children of twelve mothers who rejected their children. 1932Ibid. II. 237 This type of relationship cannot exist when a mother rejects her child. 1961H. C. Smith Personality Adjustment xviii. 513 Children raised in negligent and understaffed orphanages are not actively rejected but suffer severe deprivation of warmth and affection. 1973A. Janov Primal Scream vii. 74 But to feel really rejected means to..feel utterly alone and unwanted as that child.
7. To refuse to grant, entertain, or agree to (a request, proposal, etc.).
1602Marston Antonio's Rev. iii. i, She seemeth to reject his suite. a1648Ld. Herbert Hen. VIII (1649) 545 But this [proposal] was rejected; both to exclude the Protestants admittance [etc.]. 1726Swift Gulliver iii. i, I knew him to be so honest a man, that I could not reject his proposal. 1837Thirlwall Greece xxxiii. IV. 305 The orders of Cyrus he treated as a suggestion, which he might adopt or reject at his discretion. 1874Green Short Hist. iii. §5. 139 The demand was at once rejected by the baronage.
†8.
a. To refer (a matter or person) to another for decision. Also const. into a place. Obs.
1533Bellenden Livy v. x. (S.T.S.) II. 183 Eftir þat þis mater was lang dispute afore þe senate, It was reieckit to þe bischoppis, þat þai mycht decerne þareapoun. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks 637 Barbarussa thus rejected into Syria,..perceived that it tended to his no small disgrace. Ibid., marg., Barbarussa rejected to Abraham the great Bassa.
b. To cast (a fault, etc.) back upon a person. Also const. to. Obs.
a1555Philpot Exam. & Writ. (Parker Soc.) 402 Either we reject the cause of sin upon God, other else do renew the stoical destiny. 1581N. Burne Disput. iv. 9 Ane man sould not reiect the caus of his auin euil and vickednes to the prescience of god, bot to him self. 1643Trapp Comm. Gen. iii. 12 Here he rejects the fault upon the woman, and thorow her, upon God. 1678Marvell Def. J. Howe Wks. (Grosart) IV. 170 They have found a nudity in the Creator, and did implicitly reject their fault upon Him.
c. To put (a thing) away into a place. Obs.—1
1579Fulke Heskins' Parl. 70 The figures of Manna, and the waters, he reiecteth into the third booke.
9. a. To throw or cast back; † to repel, repulse (an assailant). rare.
1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 281 Who fighting at too much disadvantage, were by the Turks easily rejected. 1826[see rejected ppl. a. b]. 1869Phillips Vesuv. ix. 252 The sea is rejected from the shore, to return in mighty waves. 1889Symonds in Fortn. Rev. XLV. 57 We can neither reject ourselves into the past, nor project ourselves into the future, with certainty sufficient to decide [etc.].
†b. To cut off (a person) from some resource.
1601in Moryson Itin. (1617) ii. 181 So [he would] bee utterly rejected from having either credit or aides hereafter from them. 1711Fingall MSS. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 137 His great officers..would have the Irish..to be rejected from all expectation of recovering their estates. 1737Whiston Josephus, Antiq. xvi. iii. §3 The young men were intirely rejected from any hopes of the kingdom.
10. Med. To show an immune response to (a transplanted organ or tissue) so that it fails to survive in the body of the recipient. Also absol.
1953Nature 3 Oct. 603/1 Embryonic cells transplanted into embryos of different genetic constitutions may survive into adult life, although their hosts would almost certainly have rejected them if transplantation had been delayed until after birth. 1968Observer 7 Jan. 1/1 Although he is now entering the crucial period where his body could begin to reject the implanted heart, today's hospital bulletin said there were no signs of rejection or infection. 1969Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 12 Jan. a2/3 ‘The heart rejects like crazy,’ Dr Shumway comments. 1974R. M. Kirk et al. Surgery ii. 35/1 A graft that will be ultimately rejected at first appears to be accepted by the host tissues.
II.
11. The infin. used attrib., designating a part of a record player by means of which the turn table is made to stop (and the pick-up arm usu. returned to its rest) before a side has ended. Also stressed ˈreject.
1947Gramophone Dec. p. xi/2 Automatically plays eight 10-in. or 12-in. mixed records. Repeat and reject switch provided. 1975J. Grady Shadow of Condor ii. 34 Strains from Carmen came through the speakers. Malcolm..hit the reject lever. 1976R. L. Simon Wild Turkey xviii. 129 He shuffled over to the turntable and pushed the reject button.
Hence reˈjecting vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1589Rider Bibl. Schol., A reiecting, rejectio. a1653Gouge Comm. Heb. x. 29 This sin is a wilful rejecting of the means, whereby the wounds of sin should be healed. 1931Smith Coll. Stud. in Soc. Work I. 407 The purpose of the study was to test part of the hypothesis..by a comparison of the case histories of a group of rejecting and non-rejecting mothers. 1939P. M. Symonds Parent-Child Relationships i. 24 Attempts to define rejecting behavior are rare. 1970H. Edelston Found. & Growth of Character iii. ii. 117 We hear a great deal of the rejecting mother: not quite so much of the over-demanding child. |