| 释义 |
keeve, kive|kiːv, kaɪv|
Forms: α. 1 cýf, 2 cuf, 3 kiue, 4–8 kive, 6 kyve. β. 5–6 keve, 8– kieve, 9 keave, 7– keeve.
[OE. cýf may represent an OTeut. *kūƀjā, but has no exact equivalent in the cognate langs. The sense is that of LG. küven, keuben and G. kübel (MHG. also kübbel; cf. OHG. milich-chubili milk-pail), but these have short u as stem-vowel.
The normal repr. of OE. cýf, cýfe is kive, but the word is now practically obs., exc. in s.w. dial., where the form is keeve; cf. fere, here, heve, kee = fire, hire, hive, kye.]
1. A tub or vat; spec. a vat for holding liquid in brewing and bleaching; in Mining, a vessel in which tin or copper ore is washed.
αc1000ælfric Hom. I. 58 Se het afyllan ane cyfe mid weallendum ele. Ibid. II. 178 Þa stod ðær an æmtiᵹ cyf. a1300Sat. People Kildare xiv. in E.E.P. (1862) 155 Hail be ȝe skinners wiþ ȝure drenche kiue, Who so smilliþ þer-to wo is him aliue. 1509Yatton Churchw. Acc. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 130 Payd to y⊇ hoper for hopyng of y⊇ kyve..jd. a1661Fuller Worthies, Derbysh. i. (1662) 230 They must brew every day, yea pour it out of the Kive into the Cup. 1743Lond. & Country Brew. iv. (ed. 2) 266 In Winter they ferment a little first in the Kive or Tun to put to the Wort in the Barrel. 1755J. Shebbeare Lydia (1769) II. 100 (E.D.D.) A brewer's kive filled with new beer.
β1446Yatton Churchw. Acc. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 83 It. for the chetyl and the keve..vid. 1574in Worth Tavistock Par. Acc. (1887) 30 For mendyng of the lyme Keve vjd. 1674Ray S. & E. Country Words 69 A Keeve (Devon), a Fat wherein they work their beer up before they tun it. 1743Maxwell Sel. Trans. Soc. Improv. Agric. Scot. 343 As for the Bleaching-house, it ought to be furnished with..good Keeves or Tubs for Bucking. 1776Bolton in A. Young Tour Irel. (1780) II. 201 (Cider-making) As the juice is thus pressed out, let it be poured into large vessels, usually called Keeves, to undergo the fermentation. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts II. 107 A large kieve of water, in which the sieve is suspended by the iron rod. 1887R. Hunt Brit. Mining (ed. 2) 910/2 Kieve, a vat or large iron-bound tub for washing ores. 1959Times 10 Nov. p. iii/5 Large mashing vessels called kieves from which the wort is drawn off leaving the grains behind. 1967New Scientist 6 July 23/1 The mash is cooked up with water in mash tuns, or kieves.
2. A local name for the mill-hoop, the enclosing case of a run of stones in a flour mill (hoop n.1 2).
3. attrib. and Comb., as keeve-net (Cornw.), keeve-work.
1550–1600Customs Duties (B.M. Add. MS. 25097), Kive or dole eles, the barrell of either, xxxs. 1776G. Semple Building in Water 60 Keeve-work, that is, making large Vessels of red Deal Boards, hooped both with Iron and strong Oak Hoops. 1883Leisure Hour 697/2 These [pilchards] he catches..in his ‘kieve net’—a net somewhat like an angler's landing-net. |