| 释义 |
whilom, adv. (a.), conj.|ˈhwaɪləm|
Forms: 1 hwilum, -on, -an, -un, wilum, 3 (Orm.) whilumm, hwilem, (h)wylem, hwylen, ȝwilene, wilen, 3–4 whilen, 4 whylon, (whilhom), 4–5 whilum, 4–6 whylome, 4–7 whylom, 5 whylum, whilene, 6 whillon, (Sc. vhylome), 7 Sc. whillome, 8 whillom, 4– whilome, whilom; 3–4 quilum, 4 Sc. qwhilom, 4–5 Sc. quhilom, 4–6 Sc. quhilum, quhylum, 5 Sc. qwhilum, qwhylum, qwylum, 6 quilome.
[OE. hwílum, later -on, -an, = OS. hwîlon at times (MDu., MLG. wîlen formerly, Du. wijlen late = deceased), OHG. hwîlôn, -on (MHG. wîlen, wîlent, G. weiland formerly) dat. pl. of while n.]
A. adv. (adj.)
†1. At times: = while adv. 1, whiles 6 b. Obs.
a900O.E. Martyrol. 7 July, Ymb tweᵹen daᵹas, hwilum ymb þry, hwilum æfter ealre wucan. a1000Boeth. Metr. xxix. 53 Hwilum cerreð eft on uprodor ælbeorhta leᵹ, leoht lyfte; liᵹeð him behindan hefiᵹ hrusan dæl, þeah hit hwilan ær eorðe sio cealde oninnan hire heold. a1300Cursor M. 25166 Þar es resun qui vr bon Es noght granted us quilum sun. c1350Will. Palerne 1788 Whilum þei went on alle four..& whan þei wery were þei went vp-riȝttes. a1400Morte Arth. 1145 Thai tiltine to-gederz; Whilome Arthure ouer, and other-while vndyre. a1550Freiris Berwik 353 in Maitland Folio MS. (S.T.S.) 143 And quhylum he sat still in ane studeying, And quhylum on his buik he was reyding. a1600Montgomerie Misc. Poems xlii. 24 Flie vhylome love, and it will folou thee.
2. At some past time; some time before or ago; once upon a time: = while adv. 2, whiles 6 a. arch.
c1200Ormin 4868 Ure Laferrd Crist himm sellf Uss ȝaff heroffe bisne, Þær þær he seȝȝde himm sellf whilumm Þurrh hiss prophetess tunge. c1205Lay. 28633 Þa wes hit iwurðen þat Merlin seide whilen. c1250Kent. Serm. in O.E. Misc. 27 Hi offrede Stor, þet me offrede wylem be þo ialde laghe to here godes sacrefise. a1300Cursor M. 6786 To cumlinges do yee right na suike, For quilum war yee seluen slike. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1 Whilom as olde stories tellen vs Ther was a duc þat highte Theseus. c1425Wyntoun Cron. ii. Prol. 22 As Orosius qwhilum wrate. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge ii. 2021 Auncient poetes..Whilom flouryng in eloquence facundious. 1581A. Hall Iliad iv. 66 Oyntments..T'aswage the paine: the which whilom the cunning Chyron taughte To Esculape. 1582Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 72 This Polydor whillon..Too king Treicius was sent. 1656Earl of Monmouth tr. Boccalini's Advts. fr. Parnass. ii. lxi. (1674) 213 The whilome powerful Kingdom of Hungary. 1682Dryden Mac Flecknoe 35 The Lute I whilom strung. 1749Fielding Tom Jones x. viii, The 'squire..began to roar forth the name of Sophia as loudly..as whilom did Hercules that of Hylas. 1808Scott Marm. iv. xi, Where oft whilom were captives pent. 1879Jefferies Wild Life in S. Co. i. 10 The wistful eyes which whilom glanced down..upon the sweet clover fields.
b. as adj. That existed, or was such, at a former time; former; † of a person, ‘late’, deceased (obs.): = while adv. 2 b. arch.
1452in Tytler Hist. Scot. (1864) II. 387 All them that had arte or parte of the slaughter..of whylum William, Earle of Douglas, my brother. 1581A. Hall Iliad iv. 70 Thy whilome sire..neuer quaild in mortal ioyne. a1657Sir W. Mure Hist. Wks. (S.T.S.) II. 249 Designeing her the wife to whillome Sr Adame Mure. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. III. v. iii, General Doppet, a whilom Medical man. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 151 Mexico..that whilom dependency of the Spanish Crown. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. lxxvii. III. 17 When superstition and the habit of submission have vanished from the whilome subjects.
†3. At a future time, some time; in future.
a1300Cursor M. 17732 Quilum sal þis ilk barn Be to sum men in uprising, Til oþer sum in dun falling. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge i. 81 Therfore I purpose..All suche ydlenes whylom to refuse.
B. conj. = while conj. 1, 3. dial.
1616R. C. Times' Whistle, etc. 121 A man..With whom his father held much conversation Whilome he livde. 1647Ward Simple Cobler 51 Subjects their King, the King his Subjects greets, Whilome the Scepter and the Plough-staffe meets. 1854A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss., Whilom, whilst, during which time. ‘Stay whilom I come.’
¶ Aberrant uses. of whilom: for some time past. So this whilom.
1619Fletcher Mons. Thomas iv. ii, This mony I do give ye, because of whilom You have been thought my son. c1620Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 72, I wot not, what in mee is come to pass, In mee this whilome who most gladely was.
Hence [with -s, after whiles] † whiloms adv. Sc. Obs. (5 quhillumys, 6 quhyllum(m)is, quhylomis; cf. WFris. wilens), at times, sometimes.
a1500Bernard. de cura rei fam. 219 Gef quhillumys pleseis ioculatoris,..Fenȝe þe þar fantasy to here. a1585Montgomerie Flyting 508 In þe bark of ane bowrtrie, quhyllumis they bed it. 1768Ross Helenore i. 69 Whiloms they tented, an' sometimes they plaid. |