| 释义 |
▪ I. whirling, vbl. n.|ˈhwɜːlɪŋ|
[f. whirl v. + -ing1.]
The action of the verb whirl.
1. A turning (swiftly) round; (rapid) rotation, revolution, or circling movement: spec. of air or water, as in a whirlwind or eddy; also of persons in a dance, etc.
spec. in Mech. (quot. 1894): see whirl v. 2.
c1398Chaucer Fortune 11 So mochel hath yit thy whirlynge vp and down I-tawht me. 1423Jas. I Kingis Q. clxv, Sum were slungin, Be quhirlyng of the quhele, vnto the ground. 1496Bk. St. Albans, Fishing h v, Yf that there be a manere whyrlynge of water. 1582Bentley Mon. Matrones ii. 3 This the same vnknowne gift or whurling in my hart, doth bring mee a new desire. 1616B. Holyday Persius, Sat. v. 138 A base horse-keeper..whom if's Master turne about, I' th' moment of the Whirling he goes out. 1633T. James Voy. 9 We came amongst the most strangest whirlings of the sea. 1636in Ann. Dubrensia (1877) 7 The countrie Wakes, and whirlings have appeer'd..like forraine pastimes. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. i. 170 The Sholes probably caused some whirling about of the Tide. 1825T. Hook Sayings Ser. ii. Passion & Princ. vii. III. 89 The rapid, and as he thought perilous, whirling of the..vehicle. 1835Hood United Family ix, We none of us that whirling [sc. the waltz] love, Which both our parents disapprove. 1838Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1868) I. 187 Where the whirlings of the stream had left the marks of its eddies in the solid marble. 1894Phil. Trans. CLXXXV. i. 279 The Whirling and Vibration of Shafts.
2. Giddiness, vertigo.
1561Hollybush Hom. Apoth. 42 The same driueth away..the whirling in the head. 1892Meredith Poems, Empty Purse 107 A whirling seized thy head.
3. Hurling, flinging.
1579Rice Invect. Vices B iij, The whorlyng of the Pottes about the house, the Cardes into the fire.
¶ Misused for hurling vbl. n. 2 a.
a1721Prior Ess. Opin. Wks. 1907 II. 201 Bodmin or Truro shal break more Bones at a Whirling in Cornwal than the ablest Surgeon in London shal be able to set.
4. attrib. and Comb., as whirling speed; whirling disease, a disease of trout caused by the parasitic sporozoan Myxosoma cerebralis, which affects the balance of the fish it attacks.
1961J. I. Lengy et al. tr. A. V. Uspenskaya in G. P. Petrusheveski Parasites & Dis. Fish 47 One of the most dangerous of the known parasitic diseases is the so-called ‘whirling disease’. 1962Spec. Sci. Rep. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service No. 427. 2/2 Whirling disease appeared in brook trout at the Benner Spring Fish Research Station..in 1956. 1982Times 12 Feb. 4/5 Whirling disease..is a parasite which gets into the skull of trout fry, causing a fish to lose its balance so that it swims round and round until it eventually dies.
1894Phil. Trans. R. Soc. CLXXXV. 283 The whirling speed was taken to be at the commencement of whirl, that is to say, the lowest speed at which the shaft definitely whirled.
▪ II. ˈwhirling, ppl. a.
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
That whirls, in various senses of the verb; turning (rapidly) round, rotating, revolving, circling (swiftly); eddying; moving impetuously, etc.
1382Wyclif 2 Peter ii. 17 Cloudis..driuun with whirlinge wijndis. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 51 Woodnesse of..whirlynge water casteþ vp..grete hepes of grauel. c1450Mirk's Festial 138 What by þondyr and by layte,..by whyrlyng-wynde, by mystes. 1545[see plat n.2 7]. 1572J. Bossewell Armorie ii. 90 b, The blinde goddesse Fortune, with her doble visage, and whirlynge whele. 1581Mulcaster Positions xix. (1888) 80 Children when they had their whirling gigges vnder the deuotion of their scourges. 1622J. Taylor (Water P.) Farew. Tower-Bottles A 2 b, The whirling wheele of fickle Fate. 1630Bp. Hall Occas. Medit. §13 That whirling Globe of earth. 1697Dryden æneis x. 1264 A whirling Dart he sent. 1762Cowper To Miss Macartney 34 Some Alpine mountain..Thus braves the whirling blast. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 1296 The whirling public so blindly follows fashionable caprice in the choice of a carriage. 1872Yeats Techn. Hist. Comm. 273 The whirling and complicated machinery. 1885T. P. Hughes Dict. Islam 118/1 [The Maulawīyah] are called by Europeans..the ‘dancing’, or ‘whirling’ darweshes.
b. fig.
1602Shakes. Ham. i. v. 133 (Qo. 1) These are but wild and wherling [1623 hurling] words, my Lord. 1633Bp. Hall Occas. Medit. §140 Those hurrying and whirling judgements of God. 1684Creech Odes Hor. iii. xxx, Nor whirling Time, nor flight of Years. 1853Dickens Bleak Ho. xxxvi, I cannot say what was in my whirling thoughts. 1855Milman in Mem. (1900) 189 Quiet, though in the midst of the whirling city.
c. Special collocations: whirling blue, whirling dun, names of artificial flies used in angling; whirling-board = whirling-table (a); whirling chair, a chair contrived to rotate rapidly, used in the treatment of insane patients; whirling-machine = whirling-table (a); whirling plant, the ‘telegraph-plant’, Desmodium gyrans (see telegraph n. 8); whirling-table, (a) a machine consisting essentially of a table contrived to revolve rapidly, used for experiments or demonstrations in dynamics or other branches of science; (b) a horizontally rotating disk in a potter's lathe, carrying a mould which shapes the inside of a plate, cup, or other circular piece of ware, while the outside is shaped by a templet above it.
1747Bowlker Art Angling 73 The little *Whirling Blue... This Fly is only to be Fish'd with..in warm Weather.
1764J. Ferguson Lect. ii. 19 Which weight..will draw the ball from the edge of the *whirling-board to its center.
1799Underwood Dis. Childhood (ed. 4) II. 50 Exciting vertigo by placing the patient in a *whirling chair.
1676Cotton Angler ii. vii. 61 About the twelfth of this Month [Apr.] comes in the Flie call'd the *whirling Dun.
1843Penny Cycl. XXVII. 326/1 *Whirling-machine is an apparatus..for the purpose of determining the resistance of the air.
1866Treas. Bot. 1232/1 *Whirling Plant, Desmodium gyrans.
1764J. Ferguson Lect. ii. 18 The *whirling-table is a machine contrived for shewing experiments of this nature. 1830Kater & Lardner Mech. viii. 100 An apparatus called a whirling table..for the purpose of exhibiting illustrations of the laws of centrifugal force. 1840Penny Cycl. XVIII. 473/1 The workman stands at a bench provided with a whirling-table.., which has its motion given by a horizontal pulley or jigger. 1879Prescott Sp. Telephone 262 An attachment to the whirling-table for projecting sound-curves upon a screen.
Hence ˈwhirlingly adv., with whirling movement (also fig.).
1812W. Tennant Anster F. ii. lix, As they trip it whirlingly. 1902S. E. White Blazed Trail viii, The forces of nature..so whirlingly contemptuous of puny human effort. |