| 释义 |
kineto-|kaɪniːtəʊ|
repr. Gr. κῑνητο-, comb. form of κῑνητός movable, used in several terms of recent origin, as kiˈnetochore |-kɔə(r)| Cytology [Gr. χῶρ-ος place] = centromere (b) (s.v. centro-); kinetoˈdesma (pl. -desmas, -desmata) Biol. [ad. F. cinétodesme (Chatton & Lwoff 1935, in Compt. Rend. hebd. d. Séances et Mém. de la Soc. de Biol. CXVIII. 1069), f. Gr. δεσµ-ός band, bond], in ciliates and flagellates, a thin fibre situated to one side of a row of kinetosomes and composed of a number of fibrils each of which terminates in one of them; hence kinetoˈdesmal a.; kinetoˈgenesis, the (theoretical) origination of animal structures in animal movements; kiˈnetogram, a motion picture taken by a kinetograph; kiˈnetograph, an apparatus for photographing a scene of action in every stage of its progress; v. trans., to make a cinematographic record of; hence kiˌnetoˈgraphic a.; kineˈtographer = cinematographer; kineˈtography = cinematography; kiˌnetoˈnucleus Biol. = kinetoplast a; kiˈnetophone, an apparatus combining the functions of a kinetoscope (b) and a phonograph; kiˌnetoˈphonograph, a kinetograph with mechanism for recording sounds; kiˈnetoscope, (a) ‘a sort of movable panorama’ (Webster 1864); (b) an apparatus for reproducing the scenes recorded by the kinetograph; (c) an instrument by which arcs of different radii are combined in the production of curves (Knight Dict. Mech. 1875); hence kiˌnetoˈscopic a.; kiˌnetoˈskotoscope [Gr. σκότος darkness: see -scope] (see quot.).
1934L. W. Sharp Introd. Cytol. (ed. 3) ix. 116 The region..has been variously called the ‘fiber-attachment point’, ‘insertion region’, ‘primary constriction’, ‘kinetic constriction’, ‘attachment constriction’, and ‘Trennungstelle’... The convenient term *kinetochore (= movement place) has been suggested to the author by J. A. Moore. The use of the term is recommended. 1936Biol. Bull. LXX. 484 The mitotic movement of chromosomes is closely associated or perhaps even dependent on the activities of the kinetochore. 1961Wilson & Morrison Cytol. iv. 90 In many chromosomes, segments near or adjacent to the kinetochore are covered by this definition [of heterochromatin] and are also frequently heteropycnotic in the purely cytological sense. 1970Ambrose & Easty Cell Biol. ix. 296 Each chromosome carries a distinct region known as a centromere or kinetochore which plays a fundamental role in chromosome movements during mitosis.
1949*Kinetodesma [see kinety]. 1953Biol. Bull. CIV. 419 The kinetodesmas on the right ventral side of the animal. 1967E. J. W. Barrington Invertebr. Struct. & Function iii. 49 One special problem..is presented by the existence in ciliate Protozoa of patterns of fibres, called kinetodesmata, which lie in the ectoplasm and which are closely associated with the basal bodies of the cilia. Ibid., The kinetodesma is visible as a fibre with the light microscope,..but electron microscopy is needed to elucidate fully its complex relationships.
1950A. Lwoff Probl. Morphogenesis Ciliates vii. 54 *Kinetodesmal fibers. 1953Kinetodesmal [see kinetosomal a.].
1884E. D. Cope Orig. Fittest (1887) 423 The ‘law of use and effort’..that animal structures have been produced, directly or indirectly, by animal movements, or the doctrine of *kinetogenesis. 1893Osborne in Williams Geol. Biology (1895) 324 The changes en route [in the Mammalia] lead us to believe either in predestination..or in kinetogenesis.
1897Knowledge Sept. 217/2 When making the original *kinetograms.
1891Times 29 May 5/1 [Mr. Edison said] The *kinetograph is a machine combining electricity with photography. 1897Knowledge 218/1 Slow movements may be *kinetographed.
1897Knowledge 217/2 Reproduced through the labours of ‘special’ *kinetographers. Ibid. 217/1 Kinetography is based upon the principle of the well-known zoetrope.
1894Dickson Life Edison 316 The dramatis personæ of the *kinetographic stage.
1906H. M. Woodcock in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. L. 182 The resulting body, which may be termed the *kinetonucleus, passes into the now rounded trophonucleus. 1920W. E. Agar Cytol. vi. 193 This view was founded partly on analogy with certain Protista; for example Trypanosomes, where a darkly staining body (‘kinetonucleus’) which is in close anatomical relation to the flagellum and therefore apparently concerned with the function of locomotion, is supposed by many to have been derived from the nucleus. 1938[see kinetoplast]. 1960L. Picken Organization of Cells vi. 240 The kinetonucleus of trypanosomes and of the bodonids normally multiplies by division.
189619th Cent. July 135 The *Kinetophone is not at the [music-] halls yet, perhaps; but is probably on the way to them.
1894Dickson Life Edison 303 The comprehensive term for this invention is the *kineto-phonograph.
Ibid., The kinetograph and the *kinetoscope..relate respectively to the taking and reproduction of movable but soundless objects.
Ibid. 311 A popular and inexpensive adaptation of *kinetoscopic methods.
1896Westm. Gaz. 18 Mar. 2/1 The *kinetoskotoscope... By means of this barbarously termed piece of apparatus it is possible, so we are told, to see the motions of the bones of the finger when bent backwards and forwards. |