| 释义 |
▪ I. kish1|kɪʃ|
Also 8 kesh.
[a. Ir. cis (kiʃ), ceis |keʃ| basket, hamper: cf. kishen.]
A large wickerwork basket, used in Ireland chiefly for carrying turf; sometimes mounted on a car.
1780A. Young Tour Irel. I. 61 A kish of turf burns 2 barrels of lime. 1802Edgeworth Irish Bulls x. (1803) 180 An Irish boy..saw a train of his companions leading their cars loaded with kishes of turf. 1841S. C. Hall Ireland II. 125 note, He pointed to the potatoe Kish which was placed upon the table. 1842S. Lover Handy Andy xix. 166 The cars were in great variety..some bore kishes in which a woman and some small children might be seen.
b. Used, like gabions, in building the piers of bridges, etc. (see quot.). Hence kish-work.
1776G. Semple Building in Water 59 Kesh-work, that is, a kind of large Baskets, made of the Boughs and Branches of Trees, about the size of four or five Feet Square; these they sink in rows, by throwing stones..into them till they ground, and then filling them up. Ibid. 60 They..so begin to build their Piers, banking the Kishes all round with other Stones and hard Stuff thrown in.
▪ II. kish2|kɪʃ|
[Etym. obscure. Cf. F. chiasse, in Normandy quiasse, kiasse scum of metals.]
A form of impure graphite, which separates from certain kinds of iron in the process of smelting, floating on the top in the form of scales. Also, A dross on the surface of melted lead. Hence ˈkishy a. (see quot. 1825).
1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 391 There is a substance formed in iron foundries called kish, of a brilliant appearance, usually in thin scales, analogous to plates of polished steel. It consists chiefly of carbonaceous matter united to iron. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 330 The appearance of this substance, called by the workmen kish,..is so common an attendant on the production of the most highly carbonized iron, that the workmen have applied the term kishy to that peculiar sort of iron. 1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Kish, the blast-furnacemen's name for the graphite-segregations seen in pig-iron and in the cinder of a furnace making a very gray iron. |