| 释义 |
knapsack|ˈnæpsæk|
[a. LG. knapsack (Du. knapzak, G. knappsack), first recorded in 16th c. The first element is somewhat obscure, but is generally taken as LG. and Du. knappen = knap v.2, G. knapp eating, food; cf. also snapsack. Also adopted in F. (about 1600) as canapsa (now obs.).]
a. A bag or case of stout canvas or leather, worn by soldiers, strapped to the back and used for carrying necessaries; any similar receptacle used by travellers for carrying light articles.
1603Drayton Bar. Wars i. (R.), Each one fills his knap⁓sack or his scrip With some rare thing that on the field is found. 1608Capt. Smith True Relat. Wks. (Arb.) 20 One that vsually carried my Gowne and Knapsacke after me. 1645Mass. Col. Rec. (1854) III. 40 Every souldier..with muskett, sword, bandaleers, and knapsacke. 1793Burns Sodger's Return i, My humble knapsack a' my wealth, A poor but honest sodger. 1858Lytton What will He do i. xix, He packed up his knapsack, and started for the train. 1868Regul. & Orders Army §604 d, The havresack is to be worn on all occasions when the knapsack is worn.
fig.a1658Cleveland Char. Country-Comm.-man Wks. (1687) 76 A short-handed Clerk, tack'd to the Rear of him to carry the Knapsack of his Understanding. 1841–4Emerson Ess., Nature Wks. (Bohn) I. 224 The knapsack of custom falls off his back.
b. attrib. knapsack pump = knapsack sprayer; knapsack sprayer (or spray), a sprayer consisting of a hand-held nozzle supplied from a pressurized reservoir that is carried on the back like a knapsack.
1633Shirley Yng. Admiral i. ii, Vittori. He is valiant truly That dares forget to be rewarded. Soldier. This Is but cold comfort for a knapsack-man. 1823Crabb Technol. Dict. s.v. Drill, ‘Knapsack-Drill’, a sort of punishment for minor offences, which consists in marching soldiers round the barrack-yard, &c. for a certain time, with 6 or 12 lb. shot tied to their knapsacks. 1894Country Gentlemen's Catal. 302/2 Vermorel's knapsack pumps. 1897Sears Roebuck Catal. 162/3 The Celebrated Myers Knapsack Spray Pump. 1899Westm. Gaz. 16 Nov. 12/2 An Oxford Bible..printed on Oxford India paper..and bound in khaki..will be known as the Knapsack Bible, and is specially designed for use by soldiers and sailors. 1909Cent. Dict. Suppl. s.v. sprayer, Knapsack sprayer. 1944Living off Land vii. 153 Firefighting weapons are many and varied... The knapsack pump—a 4-gallon container with shoulder straps, brass hand pump and nozzle—is most effective. 1950N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Feb. 177/2 Obtaining complete coverage of tall [orchard] trees with a knapsack sprayer is most difficult. 1971Community (E. Afr. Community) Apr. 8/1 The new method could well replace the present widespread use of knapsack sprayers which was considered inefficient in insecticide application.
Hence ˈknapsacking vbl. n. (cf. coaching, training), travelling with a knapsack; ˈknapsackwise adv., in the manner of a knapsack.
1877H. Drummond in G. A. Smith Life v. (1898) 115, I was glad to..go knapsacking with Professor Geikie. 1886Ibid. xi. 269, I have often marked this spot in my knapsacking days. 1899Blackw. Mag. Aug. 162/1 A large basket carried knapsackwise. |