| 释义 |
Koreish|kəˈraɪʃ|
Also 7–9 Coreis(h), 9– Koreisch, -eysh, Ḳoraish, -aysh, Ḳur-, Quraysh, etc.
[Arab. ḳuraiš Koreish, ḳurašī Koreishite.]
An Arabic tribe living around Mecca, to which Muhammad belonged; also, a member of this tribe. Also attrib. or as adj.
1649A. Ross tr. Alcoran Introd., He declaimeth against such as worship Idols, particularly against the Inhabitants of the City of Mecca, and against the Coreis, who were enemies to his designe. 1734G. Sale tr. Koran Prelim. Disc. i. 25 There were several dialects of it [sc. the Arabic language], very different from each other: the most remarkable were that spoken by the tribe of Hamyar and the other genuine Arabs, and that of the Koreish... The dialect of the Koreish is usually termed the pure Arabic. 1856R. F. Burton Personal Narr. Pilgrimage to El-Medinah III. xxvi. 157 It was closed by the Kuraysh when they rebuilt the house in Mohammed's day. 1858W. Muir Life of Mahomet I. i. iii. 197 The likeliest is the meaning ‘noble’; but it is also possible that the Coreish..may have conferred upon the word that meaning... Again, it is derived from a metaphorical resemblance to Coreish, the name of a fish which eats up all others; or to cursh, a high-bred camel. Others refer it to a root which signifies to trade. 1861J. M. Rodwell tr. Koran p. viii, Othman..entrusted the redaction to..Zaid.., with whom he associated as colleagues, three, according to others, twelve of the Koreisch, in order to secure the purity of that Meccan idiom in which Muhammad had spoken. 1871C. M. Yonge Pioneers & Founders iv. 81 Sabat was an Arab of the tribe of Koreish, the same which gave birth to Mahomet himself. 1880E. H. Palmer in Sacred Bks. East VI. p. lix, Zâid..with three men of the Qurâis (Mohammed's own tribe),..to fix the reading definitely according to the pure Qurâis idiom. 1907D. S. Margoliouth tr. J. Zaydan's Umayyads & ꜥAbbásids 11 The poet Ibn Harmah..was an adoptive member of the clan Khalj which was itself adoptive in the tribe Ḳuraish. Ibid. 14 The Ḳuraish dealt in slaves as they did in other merchandise. 1916J. Buchan Greenmantle ii. 23 To capture all Islam..the man must be of the Koreish, the tribe of the Prophet himself... There are families..that claim Koreish blood. 1957Encycl. Brit. XV. 646/2 A member of the tribe Koreish.., Mohammed is said to have been a posthumous child. 1959T. B. Irving in Kritzeck & Winder World of Islam ii. 189 The Quraysh, centring around Makkah, used the purest Arabic of all; the ratio of any tribe's distance from the Quraysh was a good index for ascertaining the purity or corruption of any Arab dialect.
So Koˈreishite, Qurayshite, etc., a member of the Koreish tribe.
1708S. Ockley Conquest Syria, Persia & ægypt by Saracens I. sign. DD5 verso, Koreishæ, or Korashites, a noble Tribe among the Arabs, of which Mahomet was. 1734G. Sale tr. Koran Prelim. Disc. vi. 145 The spoil..he bestowed..on the Meccans only.., highly distinguishing the principal Korashites, that he might ingratiate himself with them. 1871C. M. Yonge Pioneers & Founders iv. 81 He formed a close friendship with his colleague, Abdallah, likewise a Koreishite Arab. 1903D. B. Macdonald Devel. Muslim Theol. App. i. 305 The unlettered Qurayshite prophet, Muhammad. 1968New Larousse Encycl. Mythol. (new ed.) 323/1 The goddess El-῾Ozza was also held in high honour among the Koreishites. |