| 释义 |
Lachmann|ˈlaxman|
[The name of Karl Lachmann (1793–1851), German philologist.]
Lachmann's law: the rule that in Latin, a short root-vowel in the present-tense stem of a verb is lengthened in the past participle if the present-tense stem ends in a voiced plosive.
[1850C. Lachmann In T. Lucretii Cari De Rerum Natura Libros Commentarius 54 Participia passiva ea quorum in praesenti consonans est aut liquida aut s semi⁓vocalis, quantitatem praesentis secuntur..contra ubi in praesenti media est, participia producuntur.] 1913Classical Rev. XXVII. 122 It is true that ‘Lachmann's Law’.., admittedly impossible as originally stated, was revived in a much modified form by Pedersen. 1928Language IV. 181 (title) Lachmann's law of vowel lengthening. 1965W. S. Allen Vox Latina 70 The same evidence indicates that Lachmann's Law also applies before s in the subjunctive adāxim..as against effĕxim. 1970Harvard Stud. Classical Philol. LXXIV. 58 Kuryłowicz therefore saw correctly..that a morphophonemic solution was indicated; that Lachmann's law was not a phonetic rule. 1973W. S. Allen Accent & Rhythm 18 Thus, referring to the Latin phenomenon of ‘Lachmann's Law’ (whereby e.g. făcio forms a past participle făctus, but ăgo forms āctus), Kiparsky..suggests that it can be accounted for by introducing the presumed Latin vowel-lengthening rule V→long/—g before, rather than after, the Indo-European consonant-assimilating rule C→voiceless/—t. |