| 释义 |
wood-louse|ˈwʊdlaʊs|
Pl. wood-lice |-laɪs|.
[f. wood n.1 + louse n.]
1. A small isopod crustacean of the genus Oniscus or family Oniscidæ; esp. the common species O. asellus, found in old wood, under stones, etc., and having the property of rolling itself up into a ball; also called † cheeselip, hog-louse, slater, sow-bug, etc.
1611Cotgr. s.v. Anthoine, The vermine called, a Ches-lop, or Wood-louse. 1663Boyle Usef. Exp. Nat. Philos. ii. 154 Those vile Insects commonly called in English, Wood-lice, or Sows. 1725Swift Wood an Insect 3 An Insect they call a Wood-Louse, That folds up itself in itself for a House. 1844Hood Haunted House 177 The wood-louse dropped and rolled into a ball. 1869I. L. Bishop Notes on Old Edinb. 11 The walls were black and rotten, and alive with woodlice.
2. Locally or occas. applied to various other small invertebrates found in woodwork or in woods, or resembling the crustacean described in 1.
a. A white ant or termite. b. A species of infusorian. c. One or more species of mite or other parasite. d. Various insects of the family Psocidæ, as the book-louse and death-watch. e. A millepede of the family Glomeridæ; a pill-millepede.
1666J. Davies Hist. Caribby Isles 149 A kind of Ant..bred of rotten wood, and thence some call them Wood-lice. 1769Ellis in Phil. Trans. LIX. 150 The volvox oniscus, or wood-louse. 1770J. R. Forster tr. Kalm's Trav. N. Amer. (1772) II. 133 Wood-lice (Acarus Americanus, Linn.) abound here. 1781[see wood-ant s.v. wood n.1 10 b]. 1819D. B. Warden Acc. U.S. I. 496 Musquitoes and wood-lice [note, Acarus Americanus] are most troublesome in thickly wooded vallies. Ibid. II. 525 The wood louse, or Chigo, or Bete Rouge (Acarus sanguinis). 1825Jamieson, Wood⁓louse, a book-worm. 1863Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. III. 631 The Great Sea-slater or Sea-woodlouse. Ibid. 632 The well-known Pill-woodlouse.
3. attrib.
1796Stedman Surinam II. xxv. 234 The..bird, which..the negroes called woodo-louso-fowlo, from its feeding on wood-lice. Ibid. (Illustration), The Yellow Woodpecker or Wood-louse fowl. 1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxiii. (1818) II. 307 The woodlouse tribe (Oniscidæ). 1854A. Adams, etc. Man. Nat. Hist. 267 Woodlouse-Millipedes (Glomeridæ). 1859P. P. Carpenter in Rep. Smithsonian Instit. (1860) 207 Chitonidæ or Woodlouse shells. |